scholarly journals The difference of the retinal structural and microvascular characteristics in patients with MOGAD-ON and AQP4-ON

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yajun Yao ◽  
Xindi Li ◽  
Yun Xu ◽  
Xiaofang Liang ◽  
Liu Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Disease Entity ◽  
Capillary Plexus ◽  
The Difference ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Aquaporin 4 Antibody

Abstract Background Antibodies against myelin-oligodendrocyte-glycoprotein (MOG-Abs) associated disorders (MOGAD) have been recognized as a disease entity in their own right. Optic neuritis (ON) is the most common symptom in MOGAD. Objective To demonstrate the differences in retinal microvascular characteristics between patients with MOGAD-ON and aquaporin-4 antibody (AQP4-Ab) positive ON. Methods A prospective study in which optical coherence tomography (OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) were used to measure retinal and microvascular parameters. Results 22 MOGAD-ON eyes, 32 AQP4-ON eyes and 60 control eyes were included in the study. The thickness of RNFL and GCC in MOGAD-ON eyes is significantly lower than that of HC (p <0.001, respectively), but comparable to AQP4-ON eyes. The vessel density in retina capillary plexus (RCP) reduced significantly in MOGAD-ON than that in AQP4-ON (p < 0.05, respectively). Unlike AQP4-ON, the visual accuracy in MOGAD-ON was positivitly correlated with vessel density of superficial RCP (P = 0.010) and ON relaspe times (P = 0.038). Conclusion The retinal neuro-axonal damages between MOGAD-ON and AQP4-ON were comparable. Unlike AQP4-ON eyes, microvascular densities were significantly reduced in MOGAD-ON, and was positively correlated with the deterioration of visual acuity in MOGAD-ON.

Optical coherence tomography angiography in diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 1418-1423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Furino ◽  
Grazia Montrone ◽  
Maria Vittoria Cicinelli ◽  
Stefania Balestra ◽  
Maria Oliva Grassi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Foveal Avascular Zone ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Avascular Zone ◽  
Capillary Plexus ◽  
Superficial Capillary Plexus

Purpose: To investigate a subset of diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy with optical coherence tomography angiography, assessing the differences in macular perfusion between diseased eyes and healthy controls. Methods: Monocentric cross-sectional study, including 86 eyes from 43 diabetic patients with no clinical signs of diabetic retinopathy and 78 eyes from 39 controls. Patients underwent 3.0 × 3.0 mm and 4.5 × 4.5 mm swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography. Vessel density (%), foveal avascular zone area (mm2), and avascular density (%) were provided for the superficial capillary plexus and the deep capillary plexus. Results: The foveal avascular zone area at the superficial capillary plexus was larger in the study group compared to controls, irrespective of the area of the slab considered. A meaningful difference was found in the vessel density at the deep capillary plexus of the 3.0 × 3.0 mm slab (p = 0.03). Almost all the variables considered in the study showed a significant within-subject effect. Age significantly correlated with vessel density of superficial capillary plexus on 4.5 × 4.5 mm in both control and diabetic eyes. Conclusion: Diabetic patients with subclinical diabetic retinopathy feature a larger foveal avascular zone at the superficial capillary plexus compared with controls, as well as relative reduction of the vessel density at the deep capillary plexus. These findings might serve as the basis for screening between normal and diabetic subjects.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Repeatability of Macular Vascular Density Measurements Using Four Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingyuan Yang ◽  
Mingzhen Yuan ◽  
Erqian Wang ◽  
Youxin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Vascular Density ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Capillary Plexus ◽  
Scan Pattern

The aim of this study was to compare the repeatability of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) measurements of macular vessel density using four OCT-A systems, including Heidelberg Spectralis HRA, Optovue RTVue XR, Zeiss Cirrus HD-OCT 5000, and Topcon DRI OCT Triton. A cross-sectional design was used for this study. The vascular density and vascular length density of the superficial and deep retinal capillary plexuses were imaged with OCT-A using 3 mm and 6 mm scan patterns and were calculated using ImageJ. Comparisons of intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were conducted. We found that the OCT-A systems had various levels of repeatability. Zeiss had better repeatability for vessel density than the other systems (overall ICC = 0.936). Optovue had better repeatability for vessel length density when the 6 mm scan pattern was used (ICC = 0.680 and 0.700 for retinal superficial and deep capillary plexus, respectively). We concluded that repeatability varied when different scan patterns of various OCT-A systems were used for imaging the superficial retinal and deep capillary plexuses. Results should be seen as valid only for a given method. The repeatability of various OCT-A systems should be considered in clinical practice and in clinical trials that use OCT-A metrics as outcome measures.

scholarly journals Quantification of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Age and Age-related Macular Degeneration using Vessel Density analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsan Vaghefi ◽  
Sophie Hill ◽  
Hannah M Kersten ◽  
David Squirrell
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Retinal Vessel ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Capillary Plexus ◽  
Retinal Vessel Density

AbstractPurposeTo determine whether vessel density (VD) as measured by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) provide insights into retinal and choriocapillaris vascular changes with ageing and intermediate dry age related macular degeneration (AMD).MethodsSeventy-five participants were recruited into three cohorts; young healthy (YH) group, old healthy (OH) and those at high-risk for exudative AMD. Raw OCT and OCT-A data from TOPCON DRI OCT Triton were exported using Topcon IMAGENET 6.0 software, and 3D datasets were analysed to determine retinal thickness and vessel density.ResultsCentral macular thickness measurements revealed a trend of overall retinal thinning with increasing age. VD through the full thickness of the retina was highest in ETDRS sector 4 (the inferior macula) in all the cohorts. Mean VD was significantly higher in the deep capillary plexus than the superficial capillary plexus in all ETDRS sectors in all cohorts but there was no significant difference noted between groups. Choriocapillaris VD was significantly lower in all ETDRS sectors in the in the AMD group compared with the YH and the OH groups.ConclusionsRetinal vessel density maps, derived from the retinal plexi are not reliable biomarkers for assessing the ageing macular. Our non-proprietary analysis of the vascular density of the choriocapillaris revealed a significant drop off of VD with age and disease but further work is required to corroborate this finding. If repeatable, choriocapillaris VD may provide a non-invasive biomarker of healthy ageing and disease.Brief SummaryIn this manuscript, we have studied the potential of retinal vessel density as measured by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A), as a biomarker for detection of high-risk of developing exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

scholarly journals Macular vessel density differs in multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: An optical coherence tomography angiography study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0253417
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Rogaczewska ◽  
Sławomir Michalak ◽  
Marcin Stopa
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Ganglion Cell ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Capillary Plexus

Multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) are inflammatory and demyelinating diseases that commonly manifest with optic neuritis (ON) but differ in the pathogenic mechanism. Although it was shown that retinal vessels might alter in MS and NMOSD, a comparative study has not been reported. This study evaluated the macular vessel density in 40 MS patients, 13 NMOSD patients, and 20 controls using optical coherence tomography angiography. The vessel density of superficial capillary plexus (SCP) was significantly lower in ON eyes (MS+ON, NMOSD+ON) than in non-ON eyes (MS-ON, NMOSD-ON) and controls. The density of deep capillary plexus (DCP) was significantly increased in MS+ON and MS-ON eyes compared to healthy eyes. In NMOSD+ON and NMOSD-ON, the DCP did not remarkably differ from the control group. A significant positive correlation was noted between SCP and ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness in MS+ON, MS-ON, and NMOSD+ON. The DCP did not significantly correlate with GCC thickness, but it increased or decreased with ganglion cell loss in MS and NMOSD, respectively. In conclusion, our findings suggest that the capillary changes in MS patients are secondary to ganglion cells’ atrophy, while vasculopathy seems to be a primary process in NMOSD patients.

Reproducibility of macular and optic nerve head vessel density measurements by swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 756-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Ignacio Fernández-Vigo ◽  
Bachar Kudsieh ◽  
Ana Macarro-Merino ◽  
Pedro Arriola-Villalobos ◽  
José María Martínez-de-la-Casa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Optic Nerve Head ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Outer Retina ◽  
Swept Source ◽  
Capillary Plexus

Purpose: To assess the reproducibility of swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA) for macular and optic nerve head (ONH) vessel density (VD). Methods: Cross-sectional study using the Triton OCTA (Topcon, Tokyo, Japan), for VD (%) measurements in 40 eyes of 40 healthy subjects on two 6 × 6 mm scans of the macula and ONH across five subfields (central, superior, inferior, temporal, and nasal) at different segmentation levels: superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP), outer retina, and choriocapillaris. Reproducibility values were summarized as intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and coefficients of variations (CV). Results: ICCs for the macular VD measurements in the central zone were 0.874, 0.770, 0.575, 0.718 at the levels SCP, DCP, outer retina, and choriocapillaris, respectively, while worse ICCs were obtained for the parafoveal subfields (ICC ⩽ 0.589); CVs were 2.8%–6.7%. The reproducibility of the ONH superficial VD was ICC = 0.941 for the papillary region and was ICC = 0.499–0.853 for the peripapillary zone; CVs ranged from 4.8% to 17%. Peripapillary VD showed an ICC = 0.533–0.770 in the DCP layer, and 0.572–0.828 in the choriocapillaris. Lowest VD were obtained for the macular SCP and DCP (23% and 22%, respectively), in the foveal zone, while greatest VD were recorded in the nasal and temporal peripapillary subfields at the level of the choriocapillaris (both 68%). Conclusions: The new SS-OCTA software served to quantify macular and ONH VD with a reproducibility that was good in the central zones (foveal and papillary, respectively) and moderate in the peripheral zones (parafoveal and peripapillary).

scholarly journals Macular and peripapillary vessel density measurement in the evaluation of Non-proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawei Yang ◽  
Dan Cao ◽  
Honghua Yu ◽  
Xiaohong Yang ◽  
Zhongning Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Macular Area ◽  
Rnfl Thickness ◽  
Capillary Plexus ◽  
Peripapillary Area

Abstract Purpose: To compare vessel density in macular and peripapillary area between control subjects and patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and to evaluate the association between RNFL thickness and different stage of diabetic retinopathy. Methods: A total of 170 eyes (normal control, 43; mild NPDR, 43; moderate NPDR, 42; severe NPDR, 42) underwent OCTA imaging. Optical coherence tomography angiographic parameters were vessel densities in superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP) in macular area and peripapillary area. Results: The reduction of vessel density of SCP and DCP in macular area, peripapillary area as well as RNFL thickness were correlated with increasing severity of DR. Vessel density of SCP and DCP in macular area, peripapillary area and FD300 in NPDR groups decreased as compared to normal control (P<0.001). Vessel density of DCP shows better ability to identify the severity of DR (sensitivity, and specificity of 88.1%, and 85.2%, respectively) than in FD 300, vessel density of SCP in macular area and peripapillary area Conclusion: Macular and peripapillary vessel density as well as RNFL thickness were significantly decreased in different stage of NPDR compared to normal controls. Vessel density in DCP could be an objective and sensitive indicator for monitoring progression of DR. OCTA might be clinically useful to evaluate microvascular and microstructural alterations in macula and ONH, thus providing a new method to study the course of DR. Key Words: Diabetic retinopathy, optical coherence tomography angiography, vessel density, RNFL thickness, FD 300

scholarly journals Assessment of the retinal vasculature in healthy Chinese preschool children aged 4–6 years old using optical coherence tomography angiography

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Xiang ◽  
Yingming Zhou ◽  
Yanwei Chen ◽  
Siyu Jiang ◽  
Chunli Fei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Optic Disc ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Retinal Vasculature ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Capillary Plexus ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Purpose To establish normal parameters of macular and optic disc vasculature by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in healthy preschool children aged 4–6 years old in China. OCTA reflects retinal metabolism and development in children at these ages and could be used clinically and in future studies to aid diagnosis and prediction of retinal abnormalities and developmental stagnation. Methods In this cross-sectional study, we measured foveal, parafoveal, and perifoveal vessel density in the superficial capillary plexus (SCP); the deep capillary plexus (DCP), the foveal avascular zone (FAZ), and the radial capillary peripapillary (RPC) in the optic disc using investigational spectral-domain OCTA. The magnification effect of the FAZ area and microvasculature measurements was corrected by Littman and the modified Bennett formula. Results A total of 242 eyes (116 males and 126 females, 5.31 ± 0.73 years) were recruited for the analysis. The mean macular vessel density was 48.10 ± 2.92% and 48.74 ± 6.51% in the SCP and the DCP, respectively. The RPC vessel density was 47.17 ± 2.52%, 47.99 ± 4.48%, and 48.41 ± 3.07% in the whole image, inside disc, and peripapillary, respectively; and the mean FAZ area was 0.28 ± 0.11 mm2. A significant difference between male and female participants was found in the retinal vasculature (DCP, SCP, and RPC). None of these parameters were significantly different in age (P > 0.05), except that DCP slightly increased with aging. The right and left eyes had good consistency in the parameters of the macula and optic disc. Conclusions Our study establishes the macular and optic disc OCTA reference values in 4- to 6-year-old healthy preschool children. They may be used in longitudinal OCTA studies and clinical applications.

scholarly journals Evaluation of vessel density in disorganization of retinal inner layers after resolved diabetic macular edema using optical coherence tomography angiography

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0244789
Author(s):  
Gilda Cennamo ◽  
Daniela Montorio ◽  
Federica Fossataro ◽  
Claudia Fossataro ◽  
Fausto Tranfa
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Macular Edema ◽  
Diabetic Macular Edema ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Capillary Plexus

Purpose To evaluate the retinal vessel density (VD) in the macular region and the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in patients with and without disorganization of retinal inner layers (DRILs) after resolution of diabetic macular edema. Methods Thirty-seven eyes of 37 DRIL patients (mean age 63 ± 13.97 years), 30 eyes of 30 no DRIL patients and 35 eyes of 35 controls were enrolled in this study. We evaluated the VD in the macular region of superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP) and FAZ area. Results DRIL and no DRIL groups showed decreased VD in SCP and DCP (p<0.05) and a larger FAZ area (p<0.001) compared to controls. However, DRIL patients revealed a statistically significant reduction in VD of SCP (p = 0.041) and a greater FAZ area (p<0.001) with respect to no DRIL patients. We found a significant negative correlation between the VD of the foveal SCP (r = -0.414, p = 0.011), foveal DCP (r = -0.358, p = 0.025) and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in DRIL group. Moreover there was a significant positive correlation between the FAZ area (r = 0.425, p = 0.034) and BCVA. Therefore, in presence of DRILs lower VD values of SCP and DCP and a larger FAZ area correlated with a worse visual acuity. In no DRILs group, there was a significant negative correlation between the VD of the foveal DCP and BCVA. Conclusion OCTA highlights the role of retinal vascular ischemia in the pathogenesis of DRILs. This parameter could represent an important functional predictive factor in diabetic patients.

scholarly journals Cone Dystrophies: An Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1500
Author(s):  
Lisa Toto ◽  
Maurizio Battaglia Parodi ◽  
Rossella D’Aloisio ◽  
Stefano Mercuri ◽  
Alfonso Senatore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Retinal Thickness ◽  
Multifocal Electroretinogram ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Field Pattern ◽  
Ophthalmological Examination ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Macular Function ◽  
Capillary Plexus

Background: This study investigates the relationship between retinal vascularization and macular function in patients with cone dystrophies (CDs). Methods: Twenty CD patients (40 eyes) and 20 healthy controls (20 eyes) were enrolled in this prospective case-control study. Patients underwent full ophthalmological examination, microperimetry, full-field, pattern and multifocal electroretinogram (ERG, PERG, mfERG) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Main outcome measures were as follows: foveal and parafoveal inner and outer retinal thickness; microperimetry sensitivity in the central 4° and 8°, ERG b wave amplitudes and peak times, PERG P50 and N95 amplitudes and latencies, and mfERG N1 to P1 amplitudes; and superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP) and choriocapillary (CC) plexus vessel densities, divided into foveal and parafoveal region. Results: Retinal thickness, SCP and DCP densities were significantly related to PERG. A significant relationship was found between foveal and parafoveal retinal thicknesses and foveal SCP density (p < 0.001 and p = 0.018, respectively) and between parafoveal retinal thickness and parafoveal SCP density (p = 0.002). Foveal and parafoveal retinal thicknesses were significantly related to parafoveal DCP density (p = 0.007 and p < 0.001). Foveal and parafoveal retinal thicknesses, foveal SCP and parafoveal DPC densities were significantly reduced in CD patients compared to controls (p < 0.001; p = 0.010 and p = 0.008, respectively). PERG and mfERG amplitudes were significantly reduced in CD patients compared to controls (p < 0.01). Conclusions: CD eyes showed reduced retinal thickness significantly related to reduced vessel density, possibly caused by a decreased metabolic demand. In addition, vessel density significantly correlated with loss of function.

scholarly journals Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Findings in Fabry Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilda Cennamo ◽  
Laura Giovanna Di Maio ◽  
Daniela Montorio ◽  
Fausto Tranfa ◽  
Camilla Russo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Fabry Disease ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Retinal Vessel ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Vascular Density ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Lysosomal Storage ◽  
Retinal Microvasculature ◽  
Capillary Plexus

Background: Fabry disease (FD) is a X-linked recessive lysosomal storage disorder characterized by altered biodegradation of glycosphingolipids. It is a multisystem pathology, also involving ophthalmological systems that show modifications of the vessel wall due to glycosphingolipid deposits. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) allows for an objective analysis of retinal microvasculature alterations, evaluating retinal vessel density in macular region. Methods: A total of 54 FD patients (34 females, 20 males, mean age 44.1 ± 15.6 years) and 70 controls (36 females, 34 males, mean age 42.3 ± 15.6 years) were included in this study. We evaluated vessel density in different macular areas (whole image, fovea, and parafovea) of both the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and of the deep capillary plexus (DCP). Results: In the SCP there was a significantly lower vascular density in patients compared with controls in whole image (49.95 ± 5.17% vs. 51.99 ± 2.52%; p < 0.001), parafovea (52.01 ± 6.69% vs. 54.30 ± 2.61%; p = 0.002), and fovea (22.38 ± 9.01% vs. 29.31 ± 5.84%; p < 0.0001). In the DCP the vessel density was statistically increased in each macular area in patients compared with controls (54.82 ± 8.07% vs. 50.93 ± 5.46%; p = 0.005, 57.76 ± 7.26% vs. 53.59 ± 5.46%; p = 0.0001, and 39.75 ± 8.59% vs. 34.43 ± 8.68%; p < 0.0001 for whole image, parafovea, and fovea, respectively). Conclusion: OCT-A analysis showed that the macular vessel density was significantly reduced in the SCP and increased in the DCP in FD patients compared with controls. These findings, which might be a consequence of the alteration of vascular wall occurring in FD, support the hypothesis that the evaluation of early retinal microvascular network changes could be a useful tool in the clinical evaluation of the disease.

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