scholarly journals Positive Changes in Life Outcomes over the Pandemic in Chinese Adolescents: The Role of Resilience and Relation to Mental Health

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-Bin Li ◽  
Kai Dou ◽  
Zi-Hao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Adolescent Development ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Chinese Adolescents ◽  
The Other ◽  
Life Outcomes ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Person Centered Approach

Abstract Background Although the existing literature has well documented the negative effects of COVID-19 on multiple life outcomes in adolescents, some research has also revealed that some life outcomes have become better during COVID-19. Scant research has specifically examined to what extent and in what aspects COVID-19 is beneficial to adolescent development so far. With person-centered approach, this research addressed this gap by: (1) exploring different profiles of positive changes in life outcomes in Chinese adolescents since the outbreak of COVID-19; (2) examining the role of resilience in relation to different profiles; (3) comparing mental health across adolescents categorized into different profiles. Method Participants were 2,567 Chinese adolescents aged 12 to 24. They rated how much their lives of different domains had experienced positive changes since the outbreak of the pandemic. They also answered the questionnaires that measured their resilience and mental health. Results Results of latent profile analysis revealed three different profiles: limited positive changes (33.3%), partial positive changes (49.5%), and overall strong positive changes (17.2%). Moreover, adolescents with a higher level of resilience were more likely to be categorized into the partial positive changes profile compared to the limited positive changes profile and into the overall strong positive changes profile compared to the other two profiles, after controlling for the covariates. Finally, adolescents in the overall strong positive changes profile had better mental health than their counterparts in the other two profiles. Conclusion COVID-19 might be helpful to adolescent development to some extent, especially for those with higher resilience.

scholarly journals The Role of Psychological Empowerment in Reducing Job Burnout Among Police Officers: A Variable-Centered and Person-Centered Approach

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 215824402098330
Author(s):  
Zhenxing Gong ◽  
Meiying Li ◽  
Xiaoqing Niu
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Psychological Empowerment ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Job Burnout ◽  
Personal Accomplishment ◽  
High Level ◽  
Person Centered Approach ◽  
Chinese Police

The study aimed to assess the effect of psychological empowerment on burnout from variable-centered and person-centered perspective. Based on 363 questionnaires from police officers in China, the results of this study indicate that when police officer feel higher level of psychological empowerment, job burnout can be decreased among Chinese police officers. From the person-centered perspective, this study used latent profile analysis method to divide three different job burnouts, including low job burnout, moderate job burnout, and high job burnout. Police officers with a high level of emotional exhaustion were more likely to have the high job burnout profile compared with the other two job burnout profiles. Police officers with a low level of depersonalization and reduced personal accomplishment were more likely to have the moderate and low job burnout profile compared with others. Different job burnout profiles can be impacted by psychological empowerment.

scholarly journals Puerto Ricans and Mexican immigrants differ in their psychological responses to patterns of lifetime adversity

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0258324
Author(s):  
Daniel K. Cooper ◽  
Mayra Bámaca-Colbert ◽  
Eric K. Layland ◽  
Emily G. Simpson ◽  
Benjamin L. Bayly
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Mexican Immigrants ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Puerto Ricans ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Low Exposure

Background Puerto Ricans and Mexican immigrants are often exposed to multiple types of adversity across their lifetime (e.g., maltreatment, household dysfunction, discrimination) and this exposure can increase the risk for adult mental health problems. Purpose The objective of this study was to (a) identify subgroups of individuals exposed to unique combinations of childhood adversity and lifetime discrimination among Puerto Ricans and Mexican immigrants, and (b) compare the prevalence of mental health problems across different risk profiles. Method We used existing data from the HCHS/SOL Sociocultural Ancillary Study. Participants included Puerto Rican (N = 402) and Mexican adults (N = 1351) born outside but living in the continental U.S. Findings Through latent profile analysis, we selected a three-profile solution for Puerto Ricans: (a) Low Exposure (low on all adversity items; 58% of sample), (b) Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) Only (high on ACEs items, average or lower than average on discrimination items; 32%), and (c) Dual Exposure (high on all adversity items; 10%). For Mexicans, we selected a four-profile solution: (a) Low Exposure (52%), (b) ACEs Only (24%), (c) Maltreatment and Discrimination (15%), and (d) Dual Exposure (9%). For Mexicans, we found that the Dual Exposure and the Maltreatment and Discrimination profiles had the highest levels of mental health problems. For Puerto Ricans, the Dual Exposure and ACEs Only profiles had the highest levels of mental health problems, suggesting that Puerto Ricans may be more vulnerable to the effects of childhood adversities as compared to Mexican immigrants. Results from our study indicate that different patterns of adversity exposure are linked to different levels of mental health outcomes, and therefore, may require different intervention dosage. Understanding which groups of individuals are at highest and lowest risk for mental health problems is critical for developing effective, tailored interventions to prevent the negative effects of childhood adversity and discrimination for Latinxs.

scholarly journals Puerto Ricans and Mexican immigrants differ in their psychological responses to patterns of lifetime adversity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Cooper ◽  
Mayra Bámaca-Colbert ◽  
Eric Layland ◽  
Emily Simpson ◽  
Benjamin Bayly
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Mexican Immigrants ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Puerto Ricans ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Low Exposure

Background: Puerto Ricans and Mexican immigrants are often exposed to multiple types of adversity across their lifetime (e.g., maltreatment, household dysfunction, discrimination) and this exposure can increase the risk for adult mental health problems. Purpose: The objective of this study was to (a) identify subgroups of individuals exposed to unique combinations of childhood adversity and lifetime discrimination among Puerto Ricans and Mexican immigrants, and (b) compare the prevalence of mental health problems across different risk profiles. Method: We used existing data from the HCHS/SOL Sociocultural Ancillary Study. Participants included Puerto Rican (N = 402) and Mexican adults (N = 1351) born outside but living in the continental U.S. Findings: Through latent profile analysis, we selected a three-profile solution for Puerto Ricans: (a) Low Exposure (low on all adversity items; 58% of sample), (b) Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) Only (high on ACEs items, average or lower than average on discrimination items; 32%), and (c) Dual Exposure (high on all adversity items; 10%). For Mexicans, we selected a four-profile solution: (a) Low Exposure (52%), (b) ACEs Only (24%), (c) Maltreatment and Discrimination (15%), and (d) Dual Exposure (9%). For Mexicans, we found that the Dual Exposure and the Maltreatment and Discrimination profiles had the highest levels of mental health problems. For Puerto Ricans, the Dual Exposure and ACEs Only profiles had the highest levels of mental health problems, suggesting that Puerto Ricans may be more vulnerable to the effects of childhood adversities as compared to Mexican immigrants. Results from our study indicate that different patterns of adversity exposure are linked to different levels of mental health outcomes, and therefore, may require different intervention dosage. Understanding which groups of individuals are at highest and lowest risk for mental health problems is critical for developing effective, tailored interventions to prevent the negative effects of childhood adversity and discrimination for Latinxs.

Living a Calling and Work–Family Interface: A Latent Profile Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 106907272110067
Author(s):  
Chunyu Zhang ◽  
Bryan J. Dik ◽  
Zengyun Dong
Keyword(s):  
Family Conflict ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Chinese University ◽  
Work Conflict ◽  
Work Family ◽  
Person Centered Approach ◽  
Latent Profile ◽  
Family Enrichment

The positive outcomes of calling have been examined in a large and growing number of studies, yet little is known about how calling relates to the work-family interface. In this study, we adopted a person-centered approach using latent profile analysis to explore how living a calling relates to different work-family interface profiles. With a sample of 267 Chinese university counselors, we found three work-family interface profiles: slightly conflictual (51%), experiencing slightly higher than average levels of work-to-family conflict (WFC) and family-to-work conflict (FWC) and slightly lower than average levels of work-to-family enrichment (WFE) and family-to-work enrichment (FWE); work-to-family conflictual (15%), with higher levels of WFC and lower levels of FWC, WFE, and FWE; and enriched (34%), indicated by higher levels of WFE and FWE and lower levels of WFC and FWC. The results revealed that the greater the extent to which participants were living their calling, the more likely they were to be classified into the enriched profile. Our findings contribute to the literature on calling by offering person-centered insights on the relation between calling and the work-family interface.

Profile Analysis and Risk Assessment: Identifying Distinct Patterns of Risks and Needs

2021 ◽  
pp. 154120402110124
Author(s):  
Christopher D’Amato ◽  
Christina A. Campbell ◽  
Jordan Papp ◽  
William Miller
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Specific Intervention ◽  
Moderate Risk ◽  
Prosocial Skills ◽  
Adjudicated Youth

The goal of this study was to identify distinct and meaningful profiles of the seven criminogenic risk and need domains included on the Ohio Youth Assessment System—Disposition Tool (OYAS-DIS). This goal was accomplished by conducting a latent profile analysis (LPA) on a sample of 4,383 formally processed justice-involved youth assessed by the OYAS-DIS. The LPA determined there were six distinct profiles: (1) Low risk and need, (2) Low/moderate risk and need, (3) Low risk/need with high juvenile justice history, (4) Academic, mental health, and substance use needs, (5) Prosocial skills and decision making, and (6) High risk and need. Results may help juvenile justice practitioners to identify and address specific intervention needs of adjudicated youth.

Career Goal Profiles of Early Career Scientists: A Person-Centered Approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 089484532110172
Author(s):  
Ruth Noppeney ◽  
Anna M. Stertz ◽  
Bettina S. Wiese
Keyword(s):  
Doctoral Students ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Academic Career ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Career Goal ◽  
Transition Analysis ◽  
Flat Profile ◽  
Career Options ◽  
Person Centered Approach

Obtaining a doctorate offers various career options. This study takes a person-centered approach to identify interest profiles. Career goals (professorate, entrepreneur, etc.) were assessed at two time points (1-year interval) in a sample of doctoral students and doctorate holders from the STEM fields in German-speaking areas ( NT 1 = 2,077). Latent profile analysis revealed that a four-profile solution provided the best data fit: At T1, 33.0% of the participants aimed for a management position in industry, 16.9% pursued an academic career, 30.1% were interested in activities without leadership responsibilities, and 20.1% had a relatively flat career-goal profile. Latent transition analysis indicated that most changes occurred for those classified into the flat profile, while strong interest in a management career was very stable over time. Additionally, the attainment of the doctorate seemed to be a good predictor for profile membership: Doctorate holders were more likely to be clearly dedicated to an academic career.

Are All Lockdown Teams Created Equally? Work Characteristics and Team Perceived Virtuality

2021 ◽  
pp. 104649642199789
Author(s):  
Patrícia L. Costa ◽  
Lisa Handke ◽  
Thomas A. O’Neill
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Teams ◽  
Organizational Support ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Work Characteristics ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Latent Profile

Team virtuality has been mostly conceptualized as structural features, such as the percentage of time team members communicate via technology. However, the perception of distance and of information deficits (team perceived virtuality, TPV) may be an indispensable construct to understand virtual teams’ functioning. The lockdowns imposed on most countries due to COVID-19 created virtual teams with high degrees of structural virtuality. With structural virtuality held constant among teams, we explore configurations of work characteristics (autonomy, interdependence, and organizational support) that influence TPV. With a sample of 296 multinational workers, a Latent Profile Analysis identified four distinct profiles of those work characteristics. Those profiles related differently to TPV. Contrary to previous findings, interdependence seems to play an important role in these teams high in structural virtuality when their autonomy is also high, highlighting the pivotal role of frequent interaction among team members, under conditions of high structural virtuality.

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