scholarly journals Puerto Ricans and Mexican immigrants differ in their psychological responses to patterns of lifetime adversity

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0258324
Author(s):  
Daniel K. Cooper ◽  
Mayra Bámaca-Colbert ◽  
Eric K. Layland ◽  
Emily G. Simpson ◽  
Benjamin L. Bayly
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Mexican Immigrants ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Puerto Ricans ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Low Exposure

Background Puerto Ricans and Mexican immigrants are often exposed to multiple types of adversity across their lifetime (e.g., maltreatment, household dysfunction, discrimination) and this exposure can increase the risk for adult mental health problems. Purpose The objective of this study was to (a) identify subgroups of individuals exposed to unique combinations of childhood adversity and lifetime discrimination among Puerto Ricans and Mexican immigrants, and (b) compare the prevalence of mental health problems across different risk profiles. Method We used existing data from the HCHS/SOL Sociocultural Ancillary Study. Participants included Puerto Rican (N = 402) and Mexican adults (N = 1351) born outside but living in the continental U.S. Findings Through latent profile analysis, we selected a three-profile solution for Puerto Ricans: (a) Low Exposure (low on all adversity items; 58% of sample), (b) Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) Only (high on ACEs items, average or lower than average on discrimination items; 32%), and (c) Dual Exposure (high on all adversity items; 10%). For Mexicans, we selected a four-profile solution: (a) Low Exposure (52%), (b) ACEs Only (24%), (c) Maltreatment and Discrimination (15%), and (d) Dual Exposure (9%). For Mexicans, we found that the Dual Exposure and the Maltreatment and Discrimination profiles had the highest levels of mental health problems. For Puerto Ricans, the Dual Exposure and ACEs Only profiles had the highest levels of mental health problems, suggesting that Puerto Ricans may be more vulnerable to the effects of childhood adversities as compared to Mexican immigrants. Results from our study indicate that different patterns of adversity exposure are linked to different levels of mental health outcomes, and therefore, may require different intervention dosage. Understanding which groups of individuals are at highest and lowest risk for mental health problems is critical for developing effective, tailored interventions to prevent the negative effects of childhood adversity and discrimination for Latinxs.

scholarly journals Puerto Ricans and Mexican immigrants differ in their psychological responses to patterns of lifetime adversity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Cooper ◽  
Mayra Bámaca-Colbert ◽  
Eric Layland ◽  
Emily Simpson ◽  
Benjamin Bayly
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Mexican Immigrants ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Puerto Ricans ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Low Exposure

Background: Puerto Ricans and Mexican immigrants are often exposed to multiple types of adversity across their lifetime (e.g., maltreatment, household dysfunction, discrimination) and this exposure can increase the risk for adult mental health problems. Purpose: The objective of this study was to (a) identify subgroups of individuals exposed to unique combinations of childhood adversity and lifetime discrimination among Puerto Ricans and Mexican immigrants, and (b) compare the prevalence of mental health problems across different risk profiles. Method: We used existing data from the HCHS/SOL Sociocultural Ancillary Study. Participants included Puerto Rican (N = 402) and Mexican adults (N = 1351) born outside but living in the continental U.S. Findings: Through latent profile analysis, we selected a three-profile solution for Puerto Ricans: (a) Low Exposure (low on all adversity items; 58% of sample), (b) Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) Only (high on ACEs items, average or lower than average on discrimination items; 32%), and (c) Dual Exposure (high on all adversity items; 10%). For Mexicans, we selected a four-profile solution: (a) Low Exposure (52%), (b) ACEs Only (24%), (c) Maltreatment and Discrimination (15%), and (d) Dual Exposure (9%). For Mexicans, we found that the Dual Exposure and the Maltreatment and Discrimination profiles had the highest levels of mental health problems. For Puerto Ricans, the Dual Exposure and ACEs Only profiles had the highest levels of mental health problems, suggesting that Puerto Ricans may be more vulnerable to the effects of childhood adversities as compared to Mexican immigrants. Results from our study indicate that different patterns of adversity exposure are linked to different levels of mental health outcomes, and therefore, may require different intervention dosage. Understanding which groups of individuals are at highest and lowest risk for mental health problems is critical for developing effective, tailored interventions to prevent the negative effects of childhood adversity and discrimination for Latinxs.

scholarly journals Mental Health and Personality Traits during COVID-19 in China: A Latent Profile Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8693
Author(s):  
Mei Li ◽  
Md Zahir Ahmed ◽  
Fatema Akhter Hiramoni ◽  
Aibao Zhou ◽  
Oli Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Personality Profiles ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
Latent Profile

During the COVID-19 pandemic, mental health problems have increased and are likely to be influenced by personality traits. The present study investigated the association between personality traits and mental health problems (anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress syndrome (PTSD) symptoms, and obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) symptoms) through the person-centered approach because this has some advantages over the variable-centered approach. The data were collected from a sample of 765 Chinese citizens who participated in an online survey in October 2020. Latent profile analysis identified three latent personality profiles—highly adaptive, adaptive, and maladaptive. Highly adaptive individuals had higher extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, openness, and lower neuroticism, while maladaptive individuals had lower extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, openness, and higher neuroticism. Multivariate analysis of variance results showed that individuals with highly adaptive profiles had lower anxiety, depression, and PTSD symptoms compared to individuals with adaptive and maladaptive profiles. The findings of the present study indicate mental health professionals would benefit from formulated intervention plans given the association between latent personality profiles and mental health problems.

Subtypes of suicidal ideation in Korean adolescents: A multilevel latent profile analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Jung ◽  
Dayoung Lee ◽  
Seongjun Park ◽  
Hyun Ju Hong
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Community Level ◽  
Korean Adolescents ◽  
School And Community ◽  
Latent Profile

Objective: This study intended to classify subtypes of Korean adolescents with suicidal ideation based on mental health problems and to explore the relationship between such subtypes and individual-, school- and community-level factors. Method: Data from high school freshmen who participated in the 2013 school-based mental health screening test and data about school and community variables obtained from public sources were combined and analyzed. A multilevel latent profile analysis using mental health issues as class indicators that included several predictors was conducted. Results: Three latent profiles were identified: Group 1 (6.5%) had high scores for both the internalizing and externalizing problems; Group 2 (40.2%) had high scores for internalizing problems, such as depression and mood related symptoms; and Group 3 (53.3%) had lower scores for all mental health problems compared to Groups 1 and 2. Gender, peer conflict, family conflict and academic problems were significant predictors at the individual level; school dropout rate was a significant school-level variable; and percent of youth in the total population, availability of mental health services, number of social welfare facilities and percentage of the total budget devoted to education/welfare were significant community-level variables. Conclusion: The present findings suggest that adolescents with suicidal ideation can be classified into several distinct subtypes based on mental health problems. These profiles and their associated covariates will aid in the establishment of youth suicide prevention policies.

scholarly journals The Relation between Childhood Adverse Experiences and Disability Due to Mental Health Problems in a Community Sample of Women

2005 ◽  
Vol 50 (12) ◽  
pp. 778-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lil Tonmyr ◽  
Ellen Jamieson ◽  
Leslie S Mery ◽  
Harriet L MacMillan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Childhood Sexual Abuse ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Adverse Experiences

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the association between selected childhood adverse experiences and disability due to mental health problems in a community sample of women. Variables of interest included childhood physical and sexual abuse, parental psychiatric and substance abuse history, and sociodemographic factors. Method: Girls and women (aged 15 to 64 years) from a province-wide community sample ( n = 4239) were asked about disability and most childhood adverse experiences through interview; a self-administered questionnaire inquired about child abuse. Logistic regression (crude and adjusted odds ratios) was used to test the associations between childhood adversity and disability due to mental health problems. Results: Approximately 3% of the women had a disability due to mental health problems. Among women with a disability, about 50% had been abused while growing up. After controlling for income and age, we found that disability showed the strongest association with childhood sexual abuse, physical abuse, and parental psychiatric disorder. Conclusion: Disability due to mental health problems was experienced by women with and without exposure to abuse in childhood. However, childhood sexual abuse and physical abuse were important correlates of disability. Disability creates suffering and loss for the individual and society; this issue merits more research in relation to child abuse.

scholarly journals Deporting immigrant parents: Impact on the health and well-being of their citizen children

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Martinez-Donate ◽  
J Tellez Lieberman ◽  
L Bakely ◽  
C Correa ◽  
C Valdez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Behavior ◽  
Mexican Immigrants ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Health Determinants ◽  
Health And Well Being

Abstract Background In the United States (U.S.), over 4 million citizen children live with an unauthorized immigrant parent who is at risk of deportation. Children of Mexican immigrants are disproportionately represented among this population, as 1 out of 3 deported immigrants are from Mexico. Parental deportation can have profound and long-lasting consequences for children, yet research on this topic is sparse. We present preliminary findings from an ongoing, longitudinal study examining changes in health, well-being, behavior, and environmental factors among U.S. citizen children of recently deported Mexican immigrants. Methods Forty-eight deported Mexican parents were recruited from deportation processing stations on the Mexican border region. We completed phone interviews with one of their U.S.-based, citizen children and an adult caregiver, collecting retrospective information on health, health behavior, household, academics, and socio-ecological health determinants from a year earlier, as well as shortly after deportation of their parent. Pre-post analyses of caregivers' survey data were conducted to assess changes in outcomes associated with parental deportation. Results Following deportation of their parents, children were reported to have more frequent health problems (p=.008), including mental health problems (p=.002), externalizing (p=.040) and internalizing (p=.011) behaviors, school absences (p=.092), and experiences of food insecurity (p=.007) than a year before. Academic expectations were also significantly worse (p=.006) than those prior to parental deportation. Conclusions Children are the unintended victims of indiscriminate immigration enforcement. Deportation of parents is associated with significant deterioration of physical and mental health, behavior, academics, and home environment for their U.S. citizen children. Our results call for immigration policy reform and interventions to support families affected by the deportation of a parent. Key messages Immigration policies that separate families can have significant detrimental impacts on the health and well-being of U.S. citizen children. Policies must be revised to keep families together and protect children in mixed-legal status families.

scholarly journals Mood and neural responses to social rejection do not seem to be altered in resilient adolescents with a history of adversity

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 411-423
Author(s):  
Jessica Fritz ◽  
Jason Stretton ◽  
Adrian Dahl Askelund ◽  
Susanne Schweizer ◽  
Nicholas D. Walsh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Social Rejection ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Neural Responses ◽  
Social Feedback ◽  
Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
History Of

AbstractChildhood adversity (CA) increases the risk of subsequent mental health problems. Adolescent social support (from family and/or friends) reduces the risk of mental health problems after CA. However, the mechanisms of this effect remain unclear, and we speculate that they are manifested on neurodevelopmental levels. Therefore, we investigated whether family and/or friendship support at ages 14 and 17 function as intermediate variables for the relationship between CA before age 11 and affective or neural responses to social rejection feedback at age 18. We studied 55 adolescents with normative mental health at age 18 (26 with CA and therefore considered “resilient”), from a longitudinal cohort. Participants underwent a Social Feedback Task in the magnetic resonance imaging scanner. Social rejection feedback activated the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex and the left anterior insula. CA did not predict affective or neural responses to social rejection at age 18. Yet, CA predicted better friendships at age 14 and age 18, when adolescents with and without CA had comparable mood levels. Thus, adolescents with CA and normative mood levels have more adolescent friendship support and seem to have normal mood and neural responses to social rejection.

Does Compressing High School Duration Affect Students’ Stress and Mental Health? Evidence from the National Educational Panel Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 238 (5) ◽  
pp. 441-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Sophie Quis
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
German State ◽  
Instruction Time ◽  
Academic Track ◽  
School Duration ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Starting in 2004/2005, the German state Baden-Wurttemberg reduced academic track duration from nine to eight years, leaving cumulative instruction time mostly unchanged. I use this change in schooling policy to identify the effect of increased schooling intensity on students’ internalizing mental health problems and perceived stress. Using data on 2306 students from the Additional Study Baden-Wurttemberg of the National Educational Panel Study (NEPS), estimates show strong negative effects on internalizing mental health problems for girls and an increase in stress for both genders.

scholarly journals Positive Changes in Life Outcomes over the Pandemic in Chinese Adolescents: The Role of Resilience and Relation to Mental Health

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-Bin Li ◽  
Kai Dou ◽  
Zi-Hao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Adolescent Development ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Chinese Adolescents ◽  
The Other ◽  
Life Outcomes ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Person Centered Approach

Abstract Background Although the existing literature has well documented the negative effects of COVID-19 on multiple life outcomes in adolescents, some research has also revealed that some life outcomes have become better during COVID-19. Scant research has specifically examined to what extent and in what aspects COVID-19 is beneficial to adolescent development so far. With person-centered approach, this research addressed this gap by: (1) exploring different profiles of positive changes in life outcomes in Chinese adolescents since the outbreak of COVID-19; (2) examining the role of resilience in relation to different profiles; (3) comparing mental health across adolescents categorized into different profiles. Method Participants were 2,567 Chinese adolescents aged 12 to 24. They rated how much their lives of different domains had experienced positive changes since the outbreak of the pandemic. They also answered the questionnaires that measured their resilience and mental health. Results Results of latent profile analysis revealed three different profiles: limited positive changes (33.3%), partial positive changes (49.5%), and overall strong positive changes (17.2%). Moreover, adolescents with a higher level of resilience were more likely to be categorized into the partial positive changes profile compared to the limited positive changes profile and into the overall strong positive changes profile compared to the other two profiles, after controlling for the covariates. Finally, adolescents in the overall strong positive changes profile had better mental health than their counterparts in the other two profiles. Conclusion COVID-19 might be helpful to adolescent development to some extent, especially for those with higher resilience.

scholarly journals Unravelling the complex nature of resilience factors and their changes between early and later adolescence

BMC Medicine ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Fritz ◽  
J. Stochl ◽  
E. I. Fried ◽  
I. M. Goodyer ◽  
C. D. van Borkulo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Distress Tolerance ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Empirically Supported ◽  
Resilience Factors ◽  
Shed Light

Abstract Background Childhood adversity (CA) is strongly associated with mental health problems. Resilience factors (RFs) reduce mental health problems following CA. Yet, knowledge on the nature of RFs is scarce. Therefore, we examined RF mean levels, RF interrelations, RF-distress pathways, and their changes between early (age 14) and later adolescence (age 17). Methods We studied 10 empirically supported RFs in adolescents with (CA+; n = 631) and without CA (CA−; n = 499), using network psychometrics. Results All inter-personal RFs (e.g. friendships) showed stable mean levels between age 14 and 17, and three of seven intra-personal RFs (e.g. distress tolerance) changed in a similar manner in the two groups. The CA+ group had lower RFs and higher distress at both ages. Thus, CA does not seem to inhibit RF changes, but to increase the risk of persistently lower RFs. At age 14, but not 17, the RF network of the CA+ group was less positively connected, suggesting that RFs are less likely to enhance each other than in the CA− group. Those findings underpin the notion that CA has a predominantly strong proximal effect. RF-distress pathways did not differ in strength between the CA+ and the CA− group, which suggests that RFs have a similarly protective strength in the two groups. Yet, as RFs are lower and distress is higher, RF-distress pathways may overall be less advantageous in the CA+ group. Most RF interrelations and RF-distress pathways were stable between age 14 and 17, which may help explain why exposure to CA is frequently found to have a lasting impact on mental health. Conclusions Our findings not only shed light on the nature and changes of RFs between early and later adolescence, but also offer some accounts for why exposure to CA has stronger proximal effects and is often found to have a lasting impact on mental health.

scholarly journals Systematic Literature Review: Implications of Mental Illness on Life and Working Integrity

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 677-685
Author(s):  
Nor Shela Saleh, Et. al.
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
World Health ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Brain Disorder ◽  
Health Organization

Mental health problems in society are becoming new and more distressing as explained by the Ministry of Health Malaysia and the World Health Organization. Mental problems occur amongst working adults, the elderly, adolescents and children, men and women. Recent research confirms that the causes of mental health problems are due to genetic problems, personal problems, financial problems, learning pressures and stress at workplace. The effects of mental health problems can lead to depression, emotional tension, personality disorder and suicide. In order to obtain a wealth of information, researchers have accompanied critical analysis studies by viewing at several empirically established from previous studies. The first finding shows that mental illness classified as a brain disorder, an emotional disorder and an abnormal attitude. The second finding explains that the level of mental health knowledge among students is still low. The third study examines the causes of schizophrenia, which have four causes of the disease, namely genetic factors, drugs, work stress and poverty. The fourth finding explains the experience of caring for a mentally ill person who is also having trouble in the life of the patient's family. Generally, this study explains that mental illness is a problem that has various negative effects on various people. Implications of mental illness transpire over the long term if treatment not properly performed. Therefore, proactive initiatives prerequisite to be taken by all parties to ensure the quality of life of the people will perfect and normal devoid of interruption of mental illness.

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