scholarly journals Food Insecurity and Associated Factors Among Adult HIV Patients on Anti-Retroviral Therapy in Dessie Referral Hospital, South Wollo Zone, North Central Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanuel Demise ◽  
Melake Demena ◽  
Behailu Hawulte ◽  
Abrham Mengistu
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Dessie Referral Hospital

Abstract Background Food insecurity has a paramount negative impact on the overall nutritional and health status of people living with the human immune deficiency virus, hence leading to opportunistic infections, rapid disease progression, hospitalizations, poor treatment outcomes, and mortality. Both are intertwined and worsen one another in a vicious cycle through a mixture of nutritional, mental health, and behavioral pathways that heighten vulnerability to, and worsen the severity of, each condition. Nevertheless, little is known about the magnitude of food insecurity and associated factors among adults on antiretroviral therapy in sub-Saharan Africa countries including the current study area. Objectives To assess the magnitude of food insecurity and associated factors among Adults on Antiretroviral Treatment in Dessie referral hospital South Wollo Zone, Northcentral Ethiopia Methods and Materials: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 420 randomly selected adults living with HIV/AIDS receiving ART in Dessie referral hospital. Data was entered into Epi-data version 3.1 and exported to STATA version 16.0 for cleaning and analysis. Bivariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analysis was carried out to identify factors associated with the outcome variable. Odds ratio along with 95% confidence interval was estimated to measure the strength of the association and the level of statistical significance was declared at a p-value less than 0.05 Results The magnitude of food insecurity among adults on ART was 62.4% (95% CI: 57.6, 66.8]. CD4 count <350 [AOR=3.51, 95% CI: 1.88, 6.52], average monthly household income ≤ 40 USD [AOR= 2.34, 95% CI: 1.42, 3.84], WHO clinical stage III&IV [AOR=2.85, 95% CI: 1.61, 5.04], not getting any support [AOR= 3.04, 95% CI: 1.45, 6.38] were factors significantly associated with food insecurity. Conclusion Around two-thirds of the adult people living with HIV on ART at Dessie referral Hospital were experiencing food insecurity. Thus, social protection interventions targeting patients with CD4 <350, income less than 40 USD/month, WHO clinical stage III &IV, and those patients with no support are crucial interventions for food security.

scholarly journals Food insecurity and associated factors among people living with HIV/AIDS on follow up receiving anti-retroviral therapy at public hospitals of Wollega zones, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2019

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adugna Oluma ◽  
Muktar Abadiga ◽  
Getu Mosisa ◽  
Werku Etafa ◽  
Ginenus Fekadu
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract Background : Food insecurity and HIV/AIDS are intertwined in a vicious cycle through nutritional, mental health, and behavioral pathways. Food insecurity is a potentially important barrier to the success of antiretroviral treatment, increased hospitalizations, and higher morbidity among HIV-infected individuals in resource-poor settings particularly in sub-Saharan Africa including Ethiopia. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of food insecurity and its associated factors among adult people living with HIV/AIDS on follow up receiving ART at public hospitals of wollega zone, west Ethiopia. Methods : An institutional-based cross-sectional study design was conducted on a sample of 428 among people living with HIV/AIDS on follow up receiving anti-retroviral therapy at public hospitals of wollega zones. Data was collected using the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale and dietary diversity scale by interviewer-administered questionnaires. The data was checked, cleaned and entered into Epi data version 3.1 and then exported into Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) window version 21 for analysis. Descriptive statistics - cross-tabulation frequency table, mean, standard deviation, percentage, were employed. Bivariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were used with AOR at CI 95% and p<0.05 were used. Result: The overall prevalence of food insecurity among PLWHA receiving ART therapy was 68.8% which was partitioned as mild (23.32%), moderate (29.09%) and severe (16.35%) food in secured. Being single [AOR=3.507(1.377, 8.934)], illiterate [AOR=5.234(1.747, 15.686)], cigarette smoking [AOR=3.577(2.104, 6.081)], presence of anemia (AOR=2.650(1.563, 4.493)] and inadequate dietary diversity [AOR=2.870(1.088, 7.569)] were predictors of food insecurity. Conclusion : The prevalence of food insecurity was relatively high. Educational status, marital status, cigarette smoking, presence of anemia, opportunistic infection and inadequate dietary diversity were the major significant factors affecting food insecurity. We recommended Wollega Zonal Health Bureaus to effectively intervene in behavioral modification and health information dissemination (HID) which is the key strategies to improve food security.

scholarly journals Nutritional status and its associated factors among HIV positive adolescents on Atazanavir-based regimen attending an urban clinic in Uganda

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dave Darshit ◽  
Ainembabazi Provia ◽  
Nana Nakiddu ◽  
Erin Sodawasser ◽  
Katrina Harper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Severe Malnutrition ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
P Value ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Urban Clinic

AbstractBackgroundAdolescents between the ages of 10-19 represent a growing portion of people living with HIV worldwide. A large proportion of adolescents living with HIV suffer from severe malnutrition because of the chronic ill health and this has been associated with increased morbidity and mortality particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. Little is known about the nutrition status of adolescents living with HIV who are on second line treatment particularly Atazanavir. Therefore, we assessed the nutrition status and associated factors among HIV positive adolescents on Atazanavir-based regimen attending an urban clinic in Uganda.MethodThis was a cross-sectional study carried out between December 2017 and July 2018. Using convenience sampling, adolescents aged 10-19 years attending an urban clinic in Kampala on Atazanavir-based regimen were enrolled into the study. Nutritional status was assessed using BMI-for-Age and Height-for-age as measures of thinness and stunting respectively. Standard deviation scores (Z scores) were applied to determine the nutritional status. WHO and CDC Z-score cut offs were used to categorize the nutrition status. Data was entered into an electronic database using REDCap. Statistical analysis was done using STATA version 15.1 (Texas, USA).ResultsData from 132 adolescents were included. We found that 28% were malnourished (composite outcome of stunting and thinness). The prevalence malnutrition of thinness was 7.6% with 2.3% being severely thin. The prevalence of stunting was 23.7% with 1.5% being severely stunted. Adolescents with no parent were more likely to be malnourished than adolescents who had either one or both parents (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR]: 3.70 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.20-11.37, p=0.023). In addition, adolescents who had attained at least secondary education were less likely to be malnourished (AOR: 0.40, CI:0.17-0.95, P-value=0.037).ConclusionThere is a high proportion of adolescents with HIV who are malnourished. Low level of education (No education and elementary) and having no parent are important risk factors to malnutrition in this population. There is need for optimizing nutrition care for adolescents on HIV treatment.

scholarly journals Household food security and associated factors among Adult people living with HIV/AIDS attending ART clinic in Hospitals of Hawassa Town, Southern Ethiopia 2017

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
REKIKU Fikre ABEBE ◽  
Tamrayhu seyoum
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Study Participant ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract Abstract Introduction: Globally 78 million peoples have been infected with HIV/AIDS. Ethiopia has one of the largest populations of HIV infected people in the sub-Saharan region of Africa. The relationship between HIV epidemic and food security situation in Ethiopia is complex. Hence, it is likely that the epidemic will contribute to worsening widespread food insecurity. The aim of study was to assess the level of food security and associated factors among adult people living with HIV /AIDS attending ART Clinic in Hospitals of Hawassa city Administration. Methodology: Thisinstitutional based cross-sectional study was conducted from October to December 2017. Systematic sampling technique was used to select a total of 532 study participant. Data entry was done with EPI-info version 3.5.3 and transferred into SPSS Version 20. Crude with adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval at p- value < 0.05were computed to examine statistical significance. Results:Based on food security assessment core module scale 360 (67.3%) People living with HIV/AIDSwere food insecure. People living with HIV/AIDSwho disclose HIV status were 3.9 (AOR=3.902, 95% CI (1.238, 12.301) times more likely to be food secured compared with their counterparts.Similarly, those who were with high and medium dietary diversity were about 5 times more likely to be house hold food insecure compared to those with low dietary diversity AOR= 4.990(2.488,10.05), AOR= 4.696(1.54,14.36), respectively. Conclusions:Food Security status among People living with HIV/AIDSon ART in Hawassa town was low. Dietary diversity, household size, and disclosing HIV status were found to be significant predictors of food security. Key words: Food security, food insecurity ,Adult living with HIV/AIDS.

High magnitude of food insecurity and malnutrition among people living with HIV/AIDS in Ethiopia: A call for integration of food and nutrition security with HIV treatment and care Programme

2020 ◽  
pp. 026010602097185
Author(s):  
Fikadu Tadesse Nigusso ◽  
Azwihangwisi Helen Mavhandu-Mudzusi
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Hiv Treatment ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Urban Residence ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Food And Nutrition Security ◽  
Nutrition Security ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
Living With Hiv

Background: Food insecurity and malnutrition has been reported to have a strong connection with human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV); this is more pervasive in Sub-Saharan Africa including Ethiopia. In this study, we examined the predictors of food insecurity and factors associated with malnutrition among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Benishangul Gumuz Regional State, Ethiopia. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study at outpatient antiretroviral therapy (ART) clinics. Data were collected using participant interview, anthropometry, and participants’ chart review. Interviews were carried out with 390 PLHIVs who were on antiretroviral treatment follow-up. Four robust multivariate linear regression models were used to identify predictors of food insecurity and factors associated with malnutrition. Results: The prevalence of food insecurity and malnutrition among PLHIV were found to be 76% and 60%, respectively. The predictors of food insecurity were: urban residence; household dependency; average monthly income below 53.19 USD; poor asset possession; CD4 count below 350 cell/ μL; and recurrent episodes of opportunistic infections (OIs). Correspondingly, malnutrition among PLHIV was found strongly associated with: female gender; urban residence; income below 53.19 USD; poor asset possession; duration of less than one year on ART; and recurrent episodes of OIs. Conclusion: The study findings suggest that the higher prevalence of food insecurity and malnutrition among PLHIV underscore: the need for economic and livelihood intervention; addressing contextual factors including the gender dimensions; adoption of nutrition-specific and sensitive interventions; and integration of food and nutrition security with HIV treatment and care programmes.

scholarly journals A Scoping Review on Nutrition Challenges Among People Living With HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tafadzwa Dzinamarira ◽  
Gashema Pierre ◽  
Itai Chitungo ◽  
Michael Habtu ◽  
Rosemary Okova
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Severe Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Future Research ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

The connection between under-nutrition and HIV is bidirectional. It affects the quality of life, as well as the survival of affected people. While this is the case, there are various nutritional challenges, which are faced by people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH), and which hamper the fight against the scourge. This study therefore sought to map literature on the nutritional challenges among PLWH in sub-Saharan Africa and guide future research in nutritional management to improve health outcomes for PLWH. A systematic search was done from the following sources: PubMed, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, EBSCOhost (CINAHL and Academic Search Complete), Web of Science, and Google Scholar. In addition, information was obtained both from unpublished studies, which included book chapters, reference lists, theses and conference papers. Eleven (11) studies met the inclusion criteria, and were used for data extraction. The studies were based in different countries, which form part of the Sub Saharan Africa. One of the studies was carried out in Senegal, two studies were carried out in various West African countries, one study was carried out in Burkina Faso; one study was carried out in Ethiopia and one of the studies was carried out in different countries forming part of the Sub Saharan Africa. Two of the studies were carried out in Zambia, one in Zimbabwe, one in Cameroon, and one in Ghana. Most of the studies established the main nutrition challenge facing PLWH to be food insecurity. Based on the findings of the study, it can be concluded that some of the main nutrition challenges include food insecurity, lack of nutritional support among PLWH, late detection of HIV, huge cost of treating severe acute malnutrition, and lack of feeding supplementations.

scholarly journals Food Insecurity among People Living with HIV/AIDS on ART Follower at Public Hospitals of Western Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Adugna Oluma ◽  
Muktar Abadiga ◽  
Getu Mosisa ◽  
Werku Etafa ◽  
Ginenus Fekadu
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Western Ethiopia ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background. Food insecurity and HIV/AIDS are intertwined in a vicious cycle through nutritional, mental health, and behavioral pathways. Food insecurity is a potentially important barrier to the success of antiretroviral treatment, increased hospitalizations, and higher morbidity among HIV-infected individuals in resource-poor settings particularly in sub-Saharan Africa including Ethiopia. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of food insecurity among people living with HIV/AIDS on follow up at public hospitals of western Ethiopia. Methods. An institutional-based cross-sectional study design was conducted on a sample of 428 among people living with HIV/AIDS on follow up at public hospitals of western Ethiopia. A systematic random sampling technique was used to include all participants. Data was collected using interviewer-administered structured questionnaires. The data were entered into Epi data version 3.1 and then exported into Statistical Package for the Social Sciences window version 21 for analysis. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed. Bivariable logistic and multivariable logistic analyses were used with AOR at CI 95% and p<0.05 were used. Result. The finding of the study revealed that the majority of the respondents 221(53.1%) were female. The mean age of the respondents was 32.92±7.304 years and 197 (47.4%) of the study participants were between 30 to 39 years’ age group. The level of food insecurity among PLWHA receiving ART therapy was 68.8% which was partitioned as mild (23.32%), moderate (29.09%), and severe (16.35%) food in secured. Being single [AOR=3.5071.377,8.934], illiterate [AOR=5.2341.747,15.686], cigarette smoking [AOR=3.5772.104,6.081], presence of anemia (AOR=2.6501.563,4.493], and inadequate dietary diversity [AOR=2.8701.088,7.569] were predictors of food insecurity. Conclusion. The prevalence of food insecurity was high. Educational status, marital status, cigarette smoking, presence of anemia, opportunistic infection, and inadequate dietary diversity were the major significant factors affecting food insecurity. We recommended a national health policy maker to integrate food and nutrition interventions as part of a package of care, treatment, and support services for people living with HIV and ART follower patients.

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