scholarly journals Impact of HIV-Associated Cognitive Impairment/Functioning On Functional Independence, Frailty And Quality of Life In The Modern Era: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martins Nweke ◽  
Mshunqane Nombeko ◽  
Nalini Govender ◽  
Aderonke O. Akinpelu ◽  
Maryjane Ukwuoma
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) is an important sequela of HIV infection. Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) has improved the health outcomes of many people living with HIV but has given rise to a less severe but limiting form of HAND. The study aimed to evaluate the impact of HAND on medication adherence, activities of daily living (ADL), quality of life and frailty.Methods: This systematic review adheres to the guidelines for Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. We searched MEDLINE, PubMed, CINAHL, Academic Search Complete, and PsycINFO online databases. Studies were included if they examined the relationship between HAND and medication adherence, ADL, quality of life and frailty, and were conducted between 1997 and 2021. We used a random-effects meta-analysis model to assess the impact of HAND on outcome variables.Results: Forty papers, totalling 11540 participants, were included in the narrative and quantitative syntheses. Forty papers were included in the narrative and quantitative syntheses. The 40 studies provided data for 11540 participants. Cognitive impairment was associated with poorer medication adherence (r=0.601, CI 0.338 to 0.776, p =0.001, I2= 94.66). Cognitive impairment did not influence ADL (r=0.167, CI-0.215 to 0.505, p= 0.393) and quality of life (r= 0.244, CI 0.117 to 0.548, p =0.182).Conclusions: In the cART era, HAND appears to be associated with adherence to medication, which may influence future health outcomes. In PLWHIV who are adherent to ART, cognitive impairment does not appear to interfere with ADL and quality of life. Registration: PROSPERO- CRD42021240726.

scholarly journals Polypharmacy and health outcomes in atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Open Heart ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. e001257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celine Gallagher ◽  
Karin Nyfort-Hansen ◽  
Debra Rowett ◽  
Christopher X Wong ◽  
Melissa E Middeldorp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Major Bleeding ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Total Study Population ◽  
The Impact

ObjectiveTo undertake a systematic review and meta-analysis examining the impact of polypharmacy on health outcomes in atrial fibrillation (AF).Data sourcesPubMed and Embase databases were searched from inception until 31 July 2019. Studies including post hoc analyses of prospective randomised controlled trials or observational design that examined the impact of polypharmacy on clinically significant outcomes in AF including mortality, hospitalisations, stroke, bleeding, falls and quality of life were eligible for inclusion.ResultsA total of six studies were identified from the systematic review, with three studies reporting on common outcomes and used for a meta-analysis. The total study population from the three studies was 33 602 and 37.2% were female. Moderate and severe polypharmacy, defined as 5–9 medicines and >9 medicines, was observed in 42.7% and 20.7% of patients respectively, and was associated with a significant increase in all-cause mortality (Hazard ratio [HR] 1.36, 95% CI 1.20 to 1.54, p<0.001; HR 1.84, 95% CI 1.40 to 2.41, p<0.001, respectively), major bleeding (HR 1.32, 95% CI 1.14 to 1.52, p<0.001; HR 1.68, 95% CI 1.35 to 2.09, p<0.001, respectively) and clinically relevant non-major bleeding (HR 1.12, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.22, p<0.01; HR 1.48, 95% CI 1.33 to 1.64, p<0.01, respectively). There was no statistically significant association between polypharmacy and stroke or systemic embolism or intracranial bleeding. Among other examined outcomes, polypharmacy was associated with cardiovascular death, hospitalisation, reduced quality of life and poorer physical function.ConclusionsPolypharmacy is highly prevalent in the AF population and is associated with numerous adverse outcomes.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018105298.

scholarly journals Exercise efficacy and prescription during treatment for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a systematic review

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic O’Connor ◽  
Malcolm Brown ◽  
Martin Eatock ◽  
Richard C. Turkington ◽  
Gillian Prue
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Adjuvant Therapy ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Surgical resection remains the only curative treatment for pancreatic cancer and is associated with significant post-operative morbidity and mortality. Patients eligible for surgery, increasingly receive neo-adjuvant therapy before surgery or adjuvant therapy afterward, inherently exposing them to toxicity. As such, optimizing physical function through exercise during treatment remains imperative to optimize quality of life either before surgery or during rehabilitation. However, current exercise efficacy and prescription in pancreatic cancer is unknown. Therefore, this study aims to summarise the published literature on exercise studies conducted in patients with pancreatic cancer undergoing treatment with a focus on determining the current prescription and progression patterns being used in this population. Methods A systematic review of four databases identified studies evaluating the effects of exercise on aerobic fitness, muscle strength, physical function, body composition, fatigue and quality of life in participants with pancreatic cancer undergoing treatment, published up to 24 July 2020. Two reviewers independently reviewed and appraised the methodological quality of each study. Results Twelve studies with a total of 300 participants were included. Heterogeneity of the literature prevented meta-analysis. Exercise was associated with improvements in outcomes; however, study quality was variable with the majority of studies receiving a weak rating. Conclusions High quality evidence regarding the efficacy and prescription of exercise in pancreatic cancer is lacking. Well-designed trials, which have received feedback and input from key stakeholders prior to implementation, are required to examine the impact of exercise in pancreatic cancer on key cancer related health outcomes.

The impact on quality of life in patients with burning mouth syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Vianna Pereira ◽  
Ana Gabriela Costa Normando ◽  
Carla Isabelly Rodrigues-Fernandes ◽  
César Rivera ◽  
Alan Roger Santos-Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Burning Mouth Syndrome ◽  
Burning Mouth ◽  
The Impact

The impact of prurigo nodularis on quality of life: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherief R. Janmohamed ◽  
Eran C. Gwillim ◽  
Muhammad Yousaf ◽  
Kevin R. Patel ◽  
Jonathan I. Silverberg
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Prurigo Nodularis ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Impact of physical exercises on immune function, bone mineral density, and quality of life in people living with HIV/AIDS: a systematic review with meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Chidi Ibeneme ◽  
Franklin Onyedinma Irem ◽  
Nneka Ifeyinwa Iloanusi ◽  
Amarachi Destiny Ezuma ◽  
Fortune Elochukwu Ezenwankwo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Physical Exercises ◽  
Living With Hiv

The impact of bariatric surgery on quality of life: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 639-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Lindekilde ◽  
B. P. Gladstone ◽  
M. Lübeck ◽  
J. Nielsen ◽  
L. Clausen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Cognitive rehabilitation interventions after stroke: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Zhao ◽  
Xue Wang ◽  
Tao Wang ◽  
Adam A. Dmytriw ◽  
Xiao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Cognitive Rehabilitation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Abstract Background Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide, and 53.4% of stroke survivors suffer from post-stroke cognitive impairment. Post-stroke cognitive impairment can increase hospitalization rate and cost of care and decrease the quality of life of stroke patients. To date, multiple cognitive rehabilitation interventions have been tested in stroke populations with post-stroke cognitive impairment. However, the most efficacious intervention has not been established. This systematic review aims to compare the efficacy of cognitive rehabilitation interventions for patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment. Methods We will search MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, PsycINFO, CINAHL, PubMed, and clinical trial registries to identify eligible randomized clinical trials with no restrictions in the date of publication and language. Studies conducted with patients aged 18 or over, with the presence of cognitive impairment after being diagnosed with stroke will be included. Studies will be restricted to randomized controlled trials comparing a cognitive rehabilitation intervention with another intervention. The primary outcome is any clinical changes in the general or specific cognitive domain (e.g., executive function, attention, memory, or perception). The secondary outcomes that will be collected include adverse effects (e.g., stroke, disability, or mortality) and quality of life. Two independent reviewers will assess articles to identify trials eligible for inclusion. Data extraction and risk of bias assessment of the included studies will also be done independently. Any discrepancies will be solved by discussion, or a third reviewer will be consulted if necessary. A meta-analysis will be carried out if appropriate. Discussion This systematic review for patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment will assess the efficacy of cognitive rehabilitation interventions. And our results will help clinical decision-making and support the development of clinical practice guidelines. Trial registration Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42020173988

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