scholarly journals Estimation and Prediction of Riverbank Erosion Susceptibility and Shifting Rate Using DSAS, BEHI, and REBVI Models: Evidence from the Lower Ganga River in India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Hasanuzzaman ◽  
Biswajit Bera ◽  
Aznarul Islam ◽  
Pravat Kumar Shit
Keyword(s):  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Bank Erosion ◽  
Ganga River ◽  
Hydraulic Pressure ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
River Bank ◽  
Riverbank Erosion ◽  
The Right

Abstract The process of riverbank erosion (RE) is often accelerated by natural events and anthropogenic activities leading to the transformation of this natural process to natural hazard. The present study aims to estimate bank erosion rate and prediction of the lower Ganga River in India using digital shoreline analysis system (DSAS) model. The prediction of RE susceptibility mapping has been generated using three ensemble models such as DSAS, bank erosion hazard index (BEHI), and river embankment breaching vulnerability index (REBVI). For the study satellite images and field data (bank materials, geotechnical parameters, embankment structure, hydraulic pressure etc.) have been used to recognize the river bank position and BEHI and REBVI scores. During 1973-2020, the average bank erosion and accretion rate was found 0.059 km/y and 0.022 km/y at the left bank while 0.026 km/y and 0.046 at the right bank respectively. The prediction results illustrated that the very high vulnerable condition of 06 villages and 21 villages for high vulnerable due to left bank erosion. BEHI and REBVI scores have been the significant performance of understanding and identification of RE vulnerable areas. The long-term (2020-2045) average erosion and deposition rate was predicted at 0.135 km/y and 0.024 km/y at the left bank and 0.043 km/y and 0.045 km/y at the right bank respectively. The prediction accuracy and validation of models were measures by statistical techniques such as student’s t-test, RMSE, and R2 values. This study would be help planners and decision makers the spatial guidelines to understanding future trends of bank erosion and shifting rate for land-use planning and management strategies to protect riverbank.

River bank erosion risk potential estimation through mechanical and erodibility analysis of soil: A study on left bank of Ganga river near Malda district in West Bengal, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-346
Author(s):  
Samrat Majumdar ◽  
◽  
Sujit Mondal ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Bank Erosion ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Ganga River ◽  
Sieve Analysis ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
River Bank ◽  
Erosion Risk ◽  
River Bank Erosion ◽  
North East ◽  
Basic Parameters

River bank erosion is a hazardous and common phenomenon in diara region near Malda district of North East India during monsoon and post-monsoon periods of every year. One of the significant causes behind the erosion is the textural composition and its arrangement along the river bank. The left bank of Ganga River is texturally very weak along diara region of Malda district. In the present study, the nature of riverbank soil textural composition has been measured by basis parameters analysis and mechanical analysis of soil and its erodibility level. Sieve analysis has been done on all collected soil samples and determines soil basic parameters. The nature of the soil has been derived through the mechanical analysis of particles after Folk and Worst method. Besides that, the degree of soil erodibility has been analyzed through the Bouyoucos Erodibility Index and ROM scale after Roslan and Mazidah. The results show that the erodibility levels become high to the moderate condition along the middle to lower extension of left bank line and relatively low along with upper extension according to ROM scale. Nature of soil along the left bank is dominantly sandy which also indicates the vulnerable condition of bank sites. Basic parameters of soil and its mechanical analysis also reveals that unstable condition exists along with the whole extension of the riverbank line but instability condition is increasing from upper to lower segment of bank line. So the risk of riverbank failure can be measured by determining the textural composition of the soil.

scholarly journals Assessing the instability of Dong Nai River in Bien Hoa District using Bank Erosion Hazard Index (BEHI) and Remote Sensing and GIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Pham Thi Huong Lan ◽  
Le Minh Nguyet ◽  
Le Thi Viet Hoa
Keyword(s):  
Hazard Index ◽  
Bank Erosion ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Quantitative Prediction ◽  
Rooting Depth ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
River Bank ◽  
Surface Protection ◽  
Erosion Hazard ◽  
River Bank Erosion

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> In this study, a method for developing a quantitative prediction of river bank erosion in Bien Hoa district in Dong Nai River is presented. The river bank erosion hazard index (BEHI) was estimated to assess the stability of the river bank erosion in consultation with bank height, bank slope, rooting depth, rooting density and surface protection. The estimated BEHI of Dong Nai River in Bien Hoa district are high which indicates the riverbank instability. The estimated BEHI along the left bank is about 25&amp;ndash;30. The satellite data of LANSAT TM 5, LANDSAT ETM 7 for the year 1995, 2005 and 2015 were used to assess the nature of shifting of the river bank and to estimate the land loss from river bank. All the derived images were transported on GIS environment to extract the course of the river. 13 sites were considered along the Dong Nai River in Bien Hoa District to estimate the leftward shifting of the bank line and to assess the shifting distance of the river bank line. There is a strong relationship between bank instability BEHI, shifting distance of the bank line and eroded bank area in this study.</p>

scholarly journals Assessment of Bank Erosion, Accretion and Channel Shifting Using Remote Sensing and GIS: Case Study – Lower Course of the Bosna River

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Novica Lovric ◽  
Radislav Tosic
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Bank Erosion ◽  
Remote Sensing And Gis ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Channel Migration ◽  
River Bank ◽  
Migration Rates ◽  
Lateral Channel ◽  
Channel Shifting ◽  
The Right

Abstract River bank erosion, accretion and lateral channel migration are the most important geomorphological processes, which attract a great deal of attention from river engineering scientist over the last century. in the presented study, we assessed how the river’s shape and position have changed during 1958-2013 period using remote sensing and GIS. We have identified that the total area of bank erosion during given period equalled 8.3430 km2, of which 3.2593 km2 were on the left bank and 5.0837 km2 on the right bank. The total area of bank accretion from 1958 to 2013 equalled 10.7074 km2, of which 5.4115 km2 was on the left bank and 5.2958 km2 on the right bank. The Bosna riverbed average movement in the period 1958-2013 was established in the amount of 132.4 m. During this period, the average lateral channel migration was 2.5 m per year. The data presented here are significant for practical issues such as predicting channel migration rates for engineering and planning purposes, soil and water management.

scholarly journals Mapping and Monitoring Erosion-Accretion in an Alluvial River Using Satellite Imagery – The River Bank Changes of the Padma River in Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 87-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Maruf Billah
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Imagery ◽  
Bank Erosion ◽  
River Bank ◽  
River Bank Erosion ◽  
Island Area ◽  
River Bed ◽  
Drastic Increase ◽  
Padma River ◽  
Landsat Satellite ◽  
The Right

Abstract The Padma river is widely known for its dynamic and disastrous behaviour, and the river has been experiencing intense and frequent bank erosion and deposition leading to the changes and shifting of bank line. In this paper, a time series of Landsat satellite imagery MSS, TM and OLI and TIRS images and are used to detect river bank erosion-accretion and bank line shifting during the study period 1975–2015. This study exhibits a drastic increase of erosion and accretion of land along the Padma river. The results show that from 1975 to 2015, the total amount of river bank erosion is 49,951 ha of land, at a rate of 1,249 ha a−1 and the total amount of accretion is 83,333 ha of land, at a rate of 2,083 ha a−1. Throughout the monitoring period, erosion-accretion was more pronounced in the right part of the river and bank line had been shifting towards the southern direction. The paper also reveals that the total area of islands had been increased significantly, in 2015 there was about 50,967 ha of island area increased from 20,533 ha of island area in 1975, and the results evidence consistency of sedimentation in the river bed.

scholarly journals Impact of River Bank Erosion on Mental Health and Coping Capacity in Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Jamiun Naher ◽  
Tanjir Rashid Soron
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Bank Erosion ◽  
Difficult Situation ◽  
River Bank ◽  
River Bank Erosion ◽  
Riverbank Erosion ◽  
River Erosion ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Coping

AbstractObjectivesRiverbank erosion is a regular phenomenon that displaces millions of people every year worldwide. More than 100,000 people are displaced due to river erosion every year in Bangladesh. People have to resettle in a different place leaving behind their property and familiar environment. This transformation with economic crisis acts as a major stressor for the persons and their families. However, people may adapt different strategies to adapt this difficult situation and keep themselves healthy. They might have higher coping skills due to what they had to endure. This study aimed to find out the difference in the mental health status and coping strategies among the river bank erosion affected and non-affected people in BangladeshMethodsWe interviewed 100 adult respondents, of whom 50 had been affected and 50 had never been affected by river erosion in Bangladesh. All the participants completed self-report sociodemographic questionnaires; their mental state was evaluated with the Bangla version of the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) and the coping was measured using the COPE scale.ResultThe mental health well-being score of the affected group was significantly lower than the non-affected group. However, accounting for gender, income and age, the affected group had lower mean score in coping (55.86) then the non-affected group (64.04). However, the difference was not statistically significant.ConclusionsRiverbank erosion is a major natural disaster in Bangladesh that makes people vulnerable to mental disorder. However, it receives less attention; we hope this study will stimulate future researcher to explore mental state and coping mechanism in multiple perspectives and develop evidence-based service for them.

Impact of Riverbank erosion on Human life

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 53-56
Author(s):  
Dr. Biplab Tripathy ◽  
Tanmoy Mondal
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Bank Erosion ◽  
River Ecology ◽  
River Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Riverbank Erosion ◽  
Social Insecurity ◽  
Critical Problems ◽  
Long Term Consequences

The side portion of a course of river called riverbank. The area is always important to our human civilization for all kinds of development. But it is not so secure for various problems.  Riverbank erosion is one of the critical problems in the world at least in some countries. It has a long term consequences on human life. The problems which create challenge in river basin are flood, landslide, land erosion, deforestation etc. The victims are migrated and they become hopeless. On the other hand river bank erosion also affects river ecology in different way. The peoples those lived in near to bank area of river are suffered by economically, social insecurity and health problem indirectly by riverbank erosion. All these insecurities caused by the forced of displacement of riverbank.

scholarly journals Reduction of livelihood risk for river bank erosion affected villagers

2014 ◽  
Vol XL-8 ◽  
pp. 1433-1436
Author(s):  
S. Sen Majumder ◽  
D. M. Fox ◽  
S. Chakrabari ◽  
G. Bhandari
Keyword(s):  
Projective Transformation ◽  
Bank Erosion ◽  
Transformation Method ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
River Bank ◽  
Alternative Livelihood ◽  
Cadastral Maps ◽  
Present Study Area ◽  
Alternative Means ◽  
Arc Gis

Bank erosion process of the Ganga River created a serious livelihood risk for the villagers situated on left bank of the river in Malda district of the State of West Bengal, India since last four decades. Due to the erosion of agriculture land by the river, most of the villagers having agriculture as their only means of livelihood became jobless suddenly. Presently they are living in a miserable condition. One of the main objectives of this paper is to find out an alternative means of livelihood for the victims to improve their miserable socio-economic condition. <br><br> It has been found from field survey that some erosion affected villagers have started to live and practice agriculture temporarily on the riverine islands (large and stable since thirteen years) as these islands have very fertile soil. If the re-emerged land plots can again be demarcated on the newly formed islands and distributed among the landless people to practice agriculture over there, then it will be a useful alternative livelihood strategy for the victims. The demarcation of re-emerged plots can be achieved by georeferencing the cadastral maps and then overlaying the plots on the present river course. In the present study area geo-referencing process of the cadastral maps became a serious issue as the study area has been very dynamic in terms of land cover and land use. Most of the villages were lost into the river course. Thus the common permanent features, required for geo-referencing, shown in the cadastral maps (surveyed during 1954&ndash;1962) were not found in the present satellite images. The second important objective of the present study is to develop a proper methodology for geo-referencing the cadastral maps of this area. The Spatial Adjustment Transformation and Automatic Digitization tools of Arc GIS were used to prepare geo-referenced plot maps. In Projective Transformation method the geometrically corrected block maps having village boundaries were used as source file. Then the georeferenced plot maps were overlaid on the present river course and the plots covered by islands or lands were extracted. For e.g., Gopalpur village contains nearly 29% of its total area as riverine island and 36% of total plots are covered by this island area. These plots can be distributed to the land less people so that they can utilize it and reduce their livelihood risk in future.

scholarly journals Riverbank Erosion and Migration, Inter-linkage: With Special Focus on Assam, India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimpal Dekaraja ◽  
Ratul Mahanta
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Matrix ◽  
Growth Index ◽  
Bank Erosion ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Literacy Rate ◽  
River Bank ◽  
Industrial Worker ◽  
River Bank Erosion ◽  
Riverbank Erosion ◽  
And Migration

Abstract Background: River-bank erosion becomes a vulnerable phenomenon in the bank of the Brahmaputra river and its tributaries. Around 17 riverine districts of Assam are affected by riverbank erosion and lost large plots of land. Due to riverbank erosion the victims’ loss their homestead and crop land as well as their survival strategy in the eroded areas. Moreover, farmers largely affected due to riverbank erosion as they loss their sources of income. This forces the farmer to migrate to another place for their survival. The paper examines the linkage between river bank erosion and migration based on secondary information. To examine the linkage, information collected from government published source ‘Census of India’ and ‘Statistical handbook of Assam’. On the basis of the information, 10 indicators constructed from 26 variables and then factor analysis method applied to examine the linkage between riverbank erosion and migration. Results: Four variables that are agricultural worker, industrial worker, cropped area and livestock population are loaded into the first factor, for which the first factor is labeled as the socio-economic indicator. In case of second factor the two variables i.e. MGI and urban population are loaded. On the basis of the loaded variables this factor labeled as demographic indicator. In case of third factor also two variables are loaded that is, NGI (Natural Growth Index) and Literacy rate. The loaded variables indicate that both NGI and Literacy rate are positively related. Two variables are loaded in this fourth factor i.e. river bank eroded area and the district population growth. This factor labeled as environmental indicator on the basis of the variables loaded in this factor. The factor correlation matrix indicate the opposite relation between first and fourth factor.Conclusion: The results obtained from Factor component analysis reveals that the first and fourth factor component mainly established the linkage between riverbank erosion and migration. Besides this the component correlation matrix also reveals the inter-linkage between the variables. Thus we can say that there is positive relation between riverbank erosion and migration. However, it can be interpret that farmers mostly affected due to riverbank erosion and migrate more, because farmers mostly inhabited in floodplain areas.

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