scholarly journals Prevalence and Phylogenetic Analysis of Babesia Parasites in Reservoir Host Species in Fujian Province, Southeast China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiwei Zeng ◽  
Shuheng Zhou ◽  
Guoying Xu ◽  
Weijun Liu ◽  
Tengwei Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Water Buffalo ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Babesia Microti ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Fujian Province ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Southeast China ◽  
Domestic Pigs

Abstract Background: Babesiosis is a tick-borne disease that mainly affects small mammals and it has been reported in at least five provinces in China. However, the host range and geographical distribution of the parasite in Fujian Province are unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence and genetic characteristics of Babesia in Fujian Province, Southeast China, between 2015 and 2020.Methods: Rodent blood samples were collected from 26 different surveillance sites across Fujian Province. Genomic DNA was extracted to screen for Babesia infection using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification, based on 18S rRNA. DNA samples from 316 domestic goats, 85 water buffalo, 56 domestic dogs, and 18 domestic pigs were examined. The prevalence of Babesia was statistically analyzed using the Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test. A phylogenetic tree was constructed using MEGA 5.0 by gene sequence alignment.Results: Babesia infections were found in 3.96% (43/1,087) of rodents and 1.26% (6/475) of other mammals. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that irrigated cropland, shrubs, and forests were risk factors for Babesia microti infections. The infection rates among domestic pigs, dogs, and goats were found to be 5.56%, 1.79%, and 1.27%, respectively, and no infection was found in water buffalo. Sequencing (18S rRNA gene) revealed that rodents were infected with Babesia (sensu lato) while other mammals were infected with Babesia (sensu stricto).Conclusions: The results indicate that there is wide geographical distribution and phylogenetic relationship of Babesia in Southeast China. This study suggests that mammals, especially wild rodents, are the main natural hosts of Babesia in Fujian. Our findings provide a solid foundation for public health officials to develop Babesia prevention and control measures.

scholarly journals Prevalence And Phylogenetic Analysis of Babesia Parasites In Host Animals In Fujian Province, Southeast China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiwei Zeng ◽  
Shuheng Zhou ◽  
Guoying Xu ◽  
Weijun Liu ◽  
Tengwei Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Water Buffalo ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Babesia Microti ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Fujian Province ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Southeast China ◽  
Domestic Pigs

Abstract Background: Babesiosis is a tick-borne infectious disease of socio-economic importance. The clinical manifestations of babesiosis are usually intermittent fever, headache, chills, sweats, and myalgia. Babesia infections in small mammals and ticks have been reported in at least five provinces in China. However, the host range and geographical distribution of this parasite in Fujian Province are unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and genetic characteristics of Babesia in Fujian Province, Southeast China, between 2015 and 2020. Methods: Rodent blood samples were collected from 26 different surveillance sites across Fujian Province. Genomic DNA was extracted to screen for Babesia infection via PCR amplification based on 18S rRNA. The prevalence of Babesia was compared using the chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test. A phylogenetic tree was constructed using MEGA 5.0 by gene sequence alignment. DNA samples from 316 domestic goats, 85 water buffalo, 56 domestic dogs, and 18 domestic pigs were also collected in this survey.Results: Babesia infection was confirmed in 3.96% (43/1087) of rodents and in 1.26% (6/475) of other mammals. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that irrigated cropland, shrub, and forest were risk factors for Babesia microti infection. The infection rates of domestic pigs, dogs, and goats were determined to be 5.56%, 1.79%, and 1.27%, respectively, and no infection was found in water buffalo. Sequencing using the 18S rRNA gene revealed that rodents were infected with Babesia (sensu lato) while other mammals were infected with Babesia (sensu stricto). Conclusions: The results indicate that there is a broad geographical distribution and phylogenetic relationship of Babesia in Southeast China. This study suggests that mammals, especially wild rodents, are the main natural hosts of Babesia in Fujian. Our research provides new insights into the exposure risk of Babesia in humans and animals, laying a solid foundation for the development of babesiosis prevention and control measures.

scholarly journals RECENT STUDIES OF TICK-BORNE INFECTIONS IN MONGOLIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 152-154
Author(s):  
D. Anu ◽  
H. Sung-Hee ◽  
L. Sang-Eun ◽  
L. Won-Ja ◽  
D. Abmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Dna Sequencing ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Gene Sequencing ◽  
Babesia Microti ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Ixodes Persulcatus ◽  
Rickettsia Species ◽  
Glta Gene

We have aimed to detect both Rickettsiae species and Babesia microti in adult ticks of Dermacentor nutalli in Tuv province; and  looked for only Rickettsiae species in Ixodes persulcatus in Selenge  province. Using the PCR and DNA sequencing techniques, we  amplified and sequenced the 16S rRNA, gltA, rOmpA genes of  Rickettsia and 18S rRNA gene of B. microti and Rickettsia species  were identified. Infection rate for Rickettsiae spp. was 82.7 %  (115/139 samples) by 16S rRNA sequencing results and among  them the highest prevalence rate was that for R. raoultii strain –  71.4 % (80/111 samples) by gltA gene sequencing and 100 %  (81/81 samples) by rOmpA gene sequencing. Canditatus Rickettsia tarasevichiae strain was detected in 27.9 % (31/11  samples) by gltA gene sequencing. Infection rate for Rickettsiae spp. in D. nutalli ticks was 84.3 % (81/96 samples) and R. raoultii  strain comprised 96.2–98.7 % among them. Adult ticks of I.  persulcatus were infected with Rickettsiae spp. with 78 % and 93.75  % of them were R. raoultii strain. Seventeen out of 97 ticks (17.5  %) were found to be infected with B. microti. Nucleotide DNA  sequencing of partial 18S rRNA and gltA genes supported the PCR  results. We have identified that the same species of ticks commonly  distributed in Mongolia have been infected with R. sibirica, R. raoultii  and B. microti. It might be the strength of our study as B.  microti have not been detected in D. nuttalli ticks yet. We are  considering to detect the tick-borne infections in humans.

Identification of Sarcocystis hominis-like (Protozoa: Sarcocystidae) Cyst in Water Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Based on 18S rRNA Gene Sequences

2001 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 934-937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao-Qing Yang ◽  
Yang-Xian Zuo ◽  
Bo Ding ◽  
Xin-Wen Chen ◽  
Jing Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
18S Rrna ◽  
Water Buffalo ◽  
Bubalus Bubalis ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequences

scholarly journals Babesia microti in Rodents from Different Habitats of Lithuania

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1707
Author(s):  
Dalytė Mardosaitė-Busaitienė ◽  
Jana Radzijevskaja ◽  
Linas Balčiauskas ◽  
Algimantas Paulauskas
Keyword(s):  
18S Rrna ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Reservoir Host ◽  
Clethrionomys Glareolus ◽  
Babesia Microti ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Apodemus Flavicollis ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
First Time ◽  
Partial 18S

Babesia microti (Aconoidasida: Piroplasmida) (Franca, 1910) is an emerging tick-borne parasite with rodents serving as the considered reservoir host. However, the distribution of B. microti in Europe is insufficiently characterized. Based on the sample of 1180 rodents from 19 study sites in Lithuania, the objectives of this study were: (1) to investigate the presence of Babesia parasites in eight species of rodents, (2) to determine the prevalence of Babesia parasites in rodents from different habitats, and (3) to characterize the detected Babesia strains using partial sequencing of the 18S rRNR gene. Babesia DNA was detected in 2.8% rodents. The highest prevalence of Babesia was found in Microtus oeconomus (14.5%) and Microtus agrestis (7.1%) followed by Clethrionomys glareolus (2.3%), Apodemus flavicollis (2.2%) and Micromys minutus (1.3%). In M. minutus, Babesia was identified for the first time. The prevalence of Babesia-infected rodents was higher in the meadow (5.67%) than in the ecotone (1.69%) and forest (0.31%) habitats. The sequence analysis of the partial 18S rRNA gene reveals that Babesia isolates derived from rodents were 99–100% identical to human pathogenic B. microti ‘Jena/Germany’ strain.

scholarly journals The diversity, distribution and host-parasite associations of trypanosomes in Western Australian wildlife

Parasitology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 136 (11) ◽  
pp. 1269-1279 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. AVERIS ◽  
R. C. A. THOMPSON ◽  
A. J. LYMBERY ◽  
A. F. WAYNE ◽  
K. D. MORRIS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Host Species ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Parasite Diversity ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Western Australian ◽  
Geographical Locations

SUMMARYLittle is known regarding the diversity, distribution or host-parasite associations of Trypanosoma spp. in Australian wildlife. Here we report on an investigation based on divergence of the 18S rRNA gene of trypanosomes isolated from a range of hosts and varied geographical locations. A total of 371 individuals representing 19 species of native animals from 14 different locations were screened. In total, 32 individuals from 9 different species tested positive for the parasite. Phylogenetic analysis revealed considerable parasite diversity with no clear geographical distribution and no evidence of host specificity. In general, it appears that Australian Trypanosoma spp. are widespread, with several genotypes appearing in multiple host species and in varied locations including both mainland areas and offshore islands. Some host species were found to be susceptible to multiple genotypes, but no individuals were infected with more than a single isolate.

scholarly journals Ixodes persulcatus Ticks as Vectors for the Babesia microti U.S. Lineage in Japan

2016 ◽  
Vol 82 (22) ◽  
pp. 6624-6632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aya Zamoto-Niikura ◽  
Shigeru Morikawa ◽  
Ken-Ichi Hanaki ◽  
Patricia J. Holman ◽  
Chiaki Ishihara
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
The United States ◽  
Babesia Microti ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Ixodes Persulcatus ◽  
Principal Vector ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Human Babesiosis ◽  
The U.S

ABSTRACTThe U.S. lineage, one of the major clades in theBabesia microtigroup, is known as a causal agent of human babesiosis mostly in the northeastern and upper midwestern United States. This lineage, however, also is distributed throughout the temperate zone of Eurasia with several reported human cases, although convincing evidence of the identity of the specific vector(s) in this area is lacking. Here, the goal was to demonstrate the presence of infectious parasites directly in salivary glands ofIxodes persulcatus, from which U.S. lineage genetic sequences have been detected in Asia, and to molecularly characterize the isolates. Five PCR-positive specimens were individually inoculated into hamsters, resulting in infections in four; consequently, four strains were newly established. Molecular characterization, including 18S rRNA, β-tubulin, andCCT7gene sequences, as well as Western blot analysis and indirect fluorescent antibody assay, revealed that all four strains were identical to each other and to the U.S. lineage strains isolated from rodents captured in Japan. The 18S rRNA gene sequence from the isolates was identical to those fromI. persulcatusin Russia and China, but the genetic and antigenic profiles of the Japanese parasites differ from those in the United States and Europe. Together with previous epidemiological and transmission studies, we conclude thatI. persulcatusis likely the principal vector for theB. microtiU.S. lineage in Japan and presumably in northeastern Eurasia.IMPORTANCEThe major cause of human babesiosis, the tick-borne blood parasiteBabesia microti, U.S. lineage, is widely distributed in the temperate Northern Hemisphere. However, the specific tick vector(s) remains unidentified in Eurasia, where there are people with antibodies to theB. microtiU.S. lineage and cases of human babesiosis. In this study, the first isolation ofB. microtiU.S. lineage fromIxodes persulcatusticks, a principal vector for many tick-borne diseases, is described in Japan. Limited antigenic cross-reaction was found between the Japan and United States isolates. Thus, current serological tests based on U.S. isolates may underestimateB. microtioccurrence outside the United States. This study and previous studies indicate thatI. persulcatusis part of theB. microtiU.S. lineage life cycle in Japan and, presumably, northeastern Eurasia. This report will be important for public health, especially since infection may occur through transfusion, and also to researchers in the field of parasitology.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity within the 18S rRNA and actin locus of Cryptosporidium scrofarum (Apicomplexa: Cryptosporidiidae) infecting domestic pigs (Sus scrofa domesticus) of India

2021 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-276
Author(s):  
Devina Sharma ◽  
◽  
Nirbhay K. Singh ◽  
Harkirat Singh ◽  
Shitanshu S. Rath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Sus Scrofa ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Domestic Pigs ◽  
New Genotype ◽  
Sus Scrofa Domesticus ◽  
Genotype Ii

The genetic diversity was studied of Cryptosporidium scrofarum (syn Cryptosporidium pig genotype II) of domestic pigs (Sus scrofa domesticus) from Punjab, India. Nested PCR amplification targeting the 18S rRNA and actin gene loci from Cryptosporidium positive samples was carried out, and the amplicons were sequenced. Phylogenetic comparison of a partial 18S rRNA gene revealed that they were genetically most similar to C. scrofarum isolated from other parts of the world. However, comparison of sequences representing a fragment of the genomic actin locus identified a new genotype conserved within the isolates sampled from India but distinct from other published sequences, suggesting the presence of a different Indian genotype.

scholarly journals Occurrence of different strains of Babesia canis in dogs in eastern Poland

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 423-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Łyp ◽  
Michał Bartnicki ◽  
Marta Staniec ◽  
Stanisław Winiarczyk ◽  
Łukasz Adaszek
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Babesia Canis ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Different Strains

Abstract Introduction: The aim of this study was to carry out a genetic analysis of Babesia canis isolates detected in dogs in eastern Poland and to study the correlation of the protozoa variant with a specific geographical region. Material and Methods: PCR was used to identify strains of B. canis from naturally infected animals (240 dogs from four provinces: Mazowieckie, Lublin, Podlasie, and Podkarpacie) by amplifying and sequencing a fragment of the 18S rRNA gene. Results: Sequencing the PCR products led to the identification of four variants of B. canis. Two previously described protozoa variants (18S rRNA-A and 18S rRNA-B) were observed in all provinces. Additionally, in the Mazowieckie and Lublin provinces a B. canis variant which contributed to the development of acute or atypical babesiosis was observed. The fourth variant of B. canis was detected only in dogs from the Lublin province, and the course of the disease was subclinical in all dogs infected with this variant. Conclusion: These results indicate the appearance of a new fourth B. canis genotype in Poland and confirm that it is still necessary to study the relationships between the genetic structure of protozoa, geographical distribution of the parasites, and clinical course of the disease.

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