scholarly journals Improvement and Evaluation of a Parameterization Scheme for Assessing Dust Devils as Dust Emission in the Northern Margin of the Taklimakan Desert

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingjie Ma ◽  
Xinghua Yang ◽  
Qing He ◽  
Ali Mamtimin
Keyword(s):  
Dust Emission ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Parameterization Scheme ◽  
Thermodynamic Efficiency ◽  
Taklimakan Desert ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Dust Devil ◽  
Dust Devils ◽  
Northern Margin ◽  
The Taklimakan Desert

Abstract Based on meteorological and dust devil intensification observation data in the desert transition zone of the Xiaotang region in the northern margin of the Taklimakan Desert, and combined with GPS sounding in the hinterland of the Taklimakan Desert, this study investigated the improvement and evaluation of the dust devil parameterization scheme. The results indicate that the thermodynamic efficiency of dust devils after improvement was significantly higher than that before improvement, improving the values by 84.7%, 63.9%, 25.6%, 13.3%, 12.5%, 22.7%, 26.6%, 26.9%, and 21.4% for the hourly intervals from 09:00–17:00, respectively. The annual occurrence of dust devils after improvement was 431 times, 55.2% more than before improvement. The correlation coefficients of convective boundary layer height after improvement was 0.96, higher than that before improvement (0.908). After the improvement, the total annual dust emission time was 181.3 h, 95.9% less than that calculated using the day length before improvement, and 31.8% more than that calculated using sunshine time before improvement. After the improvement, the average vertical dust flux of a single dust devil was 0.25 m2/s, 68.8% less than that before improvement. After the improvement, the average annual dust emission from dust devils per square kilometer was 15.3 t/km2, significantly lower than the value of 320.5 t/km2 before the improvement, approximately one-twentieth of the value.

Contributions of dusty weather and dust devil to dust emission amounts at the northern margin of the Taklimakan Desert

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 1441-1454
Author(s):  
Mingjie Ma ◽  
Xinghua Yang ◽  
Chenglong Zhou ◽  
Qing He ◽  
Ali Mamtimin
Keyword(s):  
Dust Emission ◽  
Taklimakan Desert ◽  
Dust Devil ◽  
Northern Margin ◽  
The Taklimakan Desert

Characteristics of dust devil and its dust emission in northern margin of the Taklimakan Desert

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 100579
Author(s):  
Mingjie Ma ◽  
Xinghua Yang ◽  
Qing He ◽  
Chenglong Zhou ◽  
Ali Mamtimin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dust Emission ◽  
Taklimakan Desert ◽  
Dust Devil ◽  
Northern Margin ◽  
The Taklimakan Desert

scholarly journals Dust Opacities inside Dust Devil Column in the Taklimakan Desert

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaopeng Luan ◽  
Yongxiang Han ◽  
Feng Liu ◽  
Tianliang Zhao ◽  
Chong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Transmission ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Horizontal Distribution ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Taklimakan Desert ◽  
Dust Devil ◽  
Dust Devils ◽  
The Taklimakan Desert ◽  
Weak Winds

Abstract. The distribution of particulate matter (dust) in dust devils (DDs), which are well-defined vortexes of wind that range from 1 m to 1,000 m tall, is quantitatively quantified here based on light transmission. We applied the Digital Optical Method (DOM) with digital still cameras to quantify the opacity of the DDs in the Taklimakan Desert, China. This study presents the following unique and important results and interpretations: 1) the distinct horizontal distributions of opacity indirectly proved the existence of DDs’ zone of weak winds in the center of the swirling vortex, similar like the eye of tropical cyclone, which is difficult to be observed directly; 2) The opacity of the DDs decreases with increasing height, however, the dust does appears to settle out, and the relatively calm eye leads to a minimum in dust opacity at the eye; 3) The horizontal distribution of opacity is quasi symmetric with a bimodal across the eye of the DDs; and 4) A new robust method is developed for the representation of three-dimensional structure of opacity based on the observed two-dimensional structures provided by DOM. This research not only proposes a highly reliable, low cost and efficient methodology to characterize the inside structure of DDs, but also provides the information on estimation of dust emissions caused by DDs.

scholarly journals Characteristics of solar radiation at Xiaotang, in the northern marginal zone of the Taklimakan Desert

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12373
Author(s):  
Lili Jin ◽  
Sasa Zhou ◽  
Qing He ◽  
Alim Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Scattered Radiation ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Taklimakan Desert ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Total Radiation ◽  
Direct Radiation ◽  
Northern Margin ◽  
Monthly Total ◽  
Atmospheric Transmittance

The characteristics of solar radiation and the influence of sand and dust on solar radiation in the northern margin of Taklimakan Desert were analyzed using radiation observation data from 2018. The results showed that the annual total radiation, direct radiation, and scattered radiation at Xiaotang were 5,781.8, 2,337.9, and 3,323.8 MJ m−2, respectively. The maximum monthly total radiation, direct radiation, and scattered radiation were observed in July (679.8 MJ m−2), August (317.3 MJ m−2), and May (455.7 MJ m−2), respectively. The aerosol optical depth corresponded well with the scattered radiation, and the maximum value was in May. Further analysis showed a significant correlation between the total radiation and solar height angle under different weather conditions. Under the same solar height angle, total radiation was higher during clear days but lower on sandstorm days. Calculation of atmospheric transmittance showed that the average atmospheric transmittance on a clear day was 0.67; on sand-and-dust days, it was 0.46. When the atmospheric transmittance was 0.5, the increase in scattering radiation by aerosol in the air began to decrease. Probability analysis of radiation indicated the following probabilities of total radiation <500 W m−2 occurring on clear, floating-dust, blowing-sand, and sandstorm days: 67.1%, 76.3%, 76.1%, and 91.8%, respectively. Dust had the greatest influence on direct radiation; the probabilities of direct radiation <200 W m−2occurring on clear, floating-dust, blowing-sand, and sandstorm days were 44.5%, 93.5%, 91.3%, and 100%, respectively, whereas those of scattered radiation <600 W m−2were 100%, 99.1%, 98.1%, and 100%, respectively. Therefore, the presence of dust in the air will reduce scattered radiation.

A field experiment on dust emission by wind erosion in the Taklimakan Desert

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinghua Yang ◽  
Qing He ◽  
Mamtimin Ali ◽  
Wen Huo ◽  
Xinchun Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Wind Erosion ◽  
Dust Emission ◽  
Taklimakan Desert ◽  
The Taklimakan Desert

scholarly journals Simulation and Analysis of Land-Surface Processes in the Taklimakan Desert Based on Noah LSM

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huoqing Li ◽  
Ali Mamtimin ◽  
Chenxiang Ju
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Exchange Process ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Taklimakan Desert ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Net Radiation ◽  
The Taklimakan Desert

This study evaluated the Noah land-surface model performance to simulate the land-surface process during different weather conditions in the hinterland of the Taklimakan Desert. This study is based on observation data from the Taklimakan Desert Meteorology Field Experiment Station in 2014. The results illustrated that the energy-exchange process between the land surface and the atmosphere in the drifting desert can be simulated by Noah effectively. However, the effects of soil moisture and latent heat flux were very poor. For sunny days, the soil temperature and heat flux were underestimated significantly in the nighttime and overestimated in the daytime. The simulation results are very good in sand-dust weather. The simulation of heat flux and net radiation is very consistent with the observation during cloudy days. For rainy days, the model can successfully model the diurnal variation of soil moisture, but it has obvious deviations in the net radiation, heat flux, and soil heat flux.

scholarly journals Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Observations of the Vertical Distribution of Particulate Matter in the Surface Layer of the Taklimakan Desert in China

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 980
Author(s):  
Lili Jin ◽  
Qing He ◽  
Hong Jiang ◽  
Junan Xiao ◽  
Quanwei Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Sensible Heat Flux ◽  
Lower Atmosphere ◽  
Taklimakan Desert ◽  
Northern Margin ◽  
Sparse Vegetation ◽  
The Taklimakan Desert ◽  
Pm2.5 And Pm10

Field observations made with unmanned aerial vehicles of the particulate matter (PM) concentration from the ground to a height of 500 m were conducted at Xiaotang and Tazhong in the Taklimakan Desert (TD), China, from 7 to 15 November 2019. The vertical structures of the PM concentrations were studied. Pulsed lidar observations showed that dust aerosols in the TD can reach heights of 4 km. Within 500 m above the ground, the PM1.0, PM2.5, and PM10 concentrations were <100, <201, and <764 µg∙m−3, respectively, in the TD. On days containing sand-blowing periods (e.g., at 18:00 on 11 November), the PM1.0, PM2.5, and PM10 concentrations were 10–17.7 times higher than on clear days. The northern margin of the TD (Xiaotang) was dominated by fine particles, while the hinterland (Tazhong) was dominated by coarse particles, because there was sparse vegetation around Xiaotang and the surface was sand and clay, while there was no vegetation around Tazhong and the surface was sand. During floating dust periods, the boundary layer was dominated by fine particles. The average PM1.0/PM2.5 ratios were 0.25–0.65 and 0.40–0.80 at Tazhong and Xiaotang, respectively, while, during sand blowing periods, these ratios were 0.40–0.55 and 0.40–0.45, respectively. The critical condition in the atmospheric boundary layer for PM concentration was revealed with the enhanced momentum flux and sensible heat flux up to 0.52 kg∙m−1∙s−2, 0.69 m∙s−1, and 6.7 W∙m2, respectively, and the low mixed layer was high in the lower atmosphere.

scholarly journals Dust opacities inside the dust devil column in the Taklimakan Desert

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 273-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaopeng Luan ◽  
Yongxiang Han ◽  
Tianliang Zhao ◽  
Feng Liu ◽  
Chong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Horizontal Distribution ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Taklimakan Desert ◽  
Dust Devils ◽  
Dust Aerosols ◽  
The Taklimakan Desert ◽  
Optical Structure

Abstract. The distribution of dust aerosols in dust devils (DDs) is quantitatively characterized here based on a field observation. We applied the digital optical method (DOM) with digital still cameras to quantify the opacity of the DDs in the Taklimakan Desert, China. This study presents the following unique and important results: (1) the distinct horizontal distributions of opacity proved the existence of DDs' eye, similarly to the eye of tropical cyclone; (2) the opacity of the DDs decreases with increasing height; however, the dust aerosols do appear to settle out, and the relatively calm eye leads to a minimum in dust opacity at the eye; (3) the horizontal distribution of opacity is quasi-symmetric with a bimodal across the eye of the DDs, which could be resulted from the ambient air conditions; and (4) a new method is developed for characterizing the three-dimensional structure of DDs based on the observed two-dimensional opacity provided by DOM. This study not only proposes a highly reliable, low-cost and efficient methodology to capture the optical structure of DDs, but it could also provide the information on estimation of dust emissions driven by DDs.

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