scholarly journals Cardiorespiratory fitness in the population with different glucose metabolic statuses: low cardiorespiratory fitness increases the risk of early abnormal glucose metabolism

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Wang ◽  
Xiaoli Liu ◽  
Lanxiang Liu ◽  
Xiaojiao Jia ◽  
Qiang Lu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Abnormal Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Onset Diabetes ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
New Onset

Abstract Background: Low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is a risk factor for many chronic diseases. This study aims to evaluate CRF in the population with different glucose metabolism and explore its relationship with early abnormal glucose metabolism.Method: A total of 93 participants were assigned to three groups: normal glucose tolerance (NGT); impaired glucose regulation (IGR); and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) through OGTT. CPET was performed to evaluate CRF.Results and Conclusion: The anaerobic threshold (AT), oxygen uptake (VO2) and maximum VO2/kg in male participants, and the AT heart rate (HR), AT systolic blood pressure (Psys) and the maximum VO2/kg in female participants, were lower in the T2DM and IGR groups than in the NGT group. Regression analysis shows that the maximum VO2/kg and 1-min HR recovery of female 2-h blood glucose entered into the equation, the maximum VO2 of male participants was related to pre-diabetes and AT power was related to new-onset diabetes, the AT Psys of female participants was related to pre-diabetes and AT HR was related to new-onset diabetes. CRF was closely associated with 2-h blood glucose after glucose load and was an important risk factor for pre-diabetes and new-onset diabetes.

scholarly journals Effect of Short-Term Increase in Meal Frequency on Glucose Metabolism in Individuals with Normal Glucose Tolerance or Impaired Fasting Glucose: A Randomized Crossover Clinical Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2126
Author(s):  
Masanobu Hibi ◽  
Sayaka Hari ◽  
Tohru Yamaguchi ◽  
Yuki Mitsui ◽  
Sumio Kondo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Impaired Fasting Glucose ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Maximum Plasma ◽  
Meal Frequency ◽  
Normal Glucose

Effects of meal frequency on blood glucose levels and glucose metabolism were evaluated over 3 days in adult males with normal glucose tolerance (NGT, n = 9) or impaired fasting glucose (IFG, n = 9) in a randomized, crossover comparison study. Subjects were provided with an isocaloric diet 3 times daily (3M) or 9 times daily (9M). Blood glucose was monitored on Day 3 using a continuous glucose monitoring system, and subjects underwent a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) on Day 4. Daytime maximum blood glucose, glucose range, duration of glucose ≥180 mg/dL, and nighttime maximum glucose were significantly lower in the NGT/9M condition than in the NGT/3M condition. Similar findings were observed in the IFG subjects, with a lower daytime and nighttime maximum glucose and glucose range, and a significantly higher daytime minimum glucose in the 9M condition than in the 3M condition. The OGTT results did not differ significantly between NGT/3M and NGT/9M conditions. In contrast, the incremental area under the curve tended to be lower and the maximum plasma glucose concentration was significantly lower in the IFG/9M condition than in the IFG/3M condition. In IFG subjects, the 9M condition significantly improved glucose metabolism compared with the 3M condition. Higher meal frequency may increase glucagon-like peptide 1 secretion and improve insulin secretion.

scholarly journals FGF21/adiponectin ratio predicts deterioration in glycemia: a 4.6-year prospective study in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Liu ◽  
Liang Wu ◽  
Qiongmei Gao ◽  
Xiaoxue Long ◽  
Xuhong Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Net Reclassification Improvement ◽  
Onset Diabetes ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
Traditional Risk Factors ◽  
Integrated Discrimination Improvement ◽  
New Onset

Abstract Background The fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 21-adiponectin pathway is involved in the regulation of insulin resistance. However, the relationship between the FGF21-adiponectin pathway and type 2 diabetes in humans is unclear. Here, we investigated the association of FGF21/adiponectin ratio with deterioration in glycemia in a prospective cohort study. Methods We studied 6361 subjects recruited from the prospective Shanghai Nicheng Cohort Study in China. The association between baseline FGF21/adiponectin ratio and new-onset diabetes and incident prediabetes was evaluated using multiple logistic regression analysis. Results At baseline, FGF21/adiponectin ratio levels increased progressively with the deterioration in glycemic control from normal glucose tolerance to prediabetes and diabetes (p for trend < 0.001). Over a median follow-up of 4.6 years, 195 subjects developed new-onset diabetes and 351 subjects developed incident prediabetes. Elevated baseline FGF21/adiponectin ratio was a significant predictor of new-onset diabetes independent of traditional risk factors, especially in subjects with prediabetes (odds ratio, 1.367; p = 0.001). Moreover, FGF21/adiponectin ratio predicted incident prediabetes (odds ratio, 1.185; p = 0.021) while neither FGF21 nor adiponectin were independent predictors of incident prediabetes (both p > 0.05). Furthermore, net reclassification improvement and integrated discrimination improvement analyses showed that FGF21/adiponectin ratio provided a better performance in diabetes risk prediction than the use of FGF21 or adiponectin alone. Conclusions FGF21/adiponectin ratio independently predicted the onset of prediabetes and diabetes, with the potential to be a useful biomarker of deterioration in glycemia.

Effect of High ß-Glucan Barley on Postprandial Plasma Glucose Levels in Subjects with Normal Glucose Tolerance and Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 772-P
Author(s):  
MARIKO HIGA ◽  
AYANA HASHIMOTO ◽  
MOE HAYASAKA ◽  
MAI HIJIKATA ◽  
AYAMI UEDA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Postprandial Plasma Glucose ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Normal Glucose

Liraglutide Therapy in a Prediabetic State: Rethinking the Evidence

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 699-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgios S. Papaetis
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Prediabetic State ◽  
New Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Normal Glucose

Background: Prediabetes is defined as a state of glucose metabolism between normal glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes. Continuous β-cell failure and death are the reasons for the evolution from normal glucose tolerance to prediabetes and finally type 2 diabetes. Introduction: The necessity of new therapeutic approaches in order to prevent or delay the development of type 2 diabetes is obligatory. Liraglutide, a long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist, has 97% homology for native GLP-1. Identification of the trophic and antiapoptotic properties of liraglutide in preclinical studies, together with evidence of sustained β-cell function longevity during its administration in type 2 diabetes individuals, indicated its earliest possible administration during this disease, or even before its development, so as to postpone or delay its onset. Methods: Pubmed and Google databases have been thoroughly searched and relevant studies were selected. Results: This paper explores the current evidence of liraglutide administration both in humans and animal models with prediabetes. Also, it investigates the safety profile of liraglutide treatment and its future role to postpone or delay the evolution of type 2 diabetes. Conclusion: Liralgutide remains a valuable tool in our therapeutic armamentarium for individuals who are overweight or obese and have prediabetes. Future well designed studies will give valuable information that will help clinicians to stratify individuals who will derive the most benefit from this agent, achieving targeted therapeutic strategies.

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