Malnutrition Concerning Geriatric Depression and Associated Risk Factors: A Community-based Case-control Study in Rural Elderly of Bangladesh

Abstract Background: Malnutrition and depression are highly prevalent in the elderly and can lead to disparaging outcomes. Analytical studies on malnutrition concerning geriatric depression (GD) are very scarce in Bangladesh, although the size of the elderly population is increasing fast in the country. The current study aimed to assess the association between malnutrition and depression and associated risk factors in the rural elderly.Methods: A case-control study was conducted in 600 elderly residents (aged ≥60 years) of three rural communities of Bangladesh from January to October 2019. Three hundred depressed elderly people were enrolled as cases and 300 non-depressed elderly individuals were included as community controls by matching the age and living area of the cases. We used a semi-structured questionnaire based on the Geriatric Depression Scale-15 and the Bangla version of Mini-Nutritional Assessment-Short Form to collect data through face-to-face interviews. Measures included baseline and personal characteristics, malnutrition, GD, and associated risk factors. A binary logistic regression model was fitted to identify variables associated with the risk of GD.Results: The study found no significant difference in gender (male Vs. female) between cases (44.0% Vs. 56.0%) and controls (46.0% Vs. 54.0%). The study revealed that malnutrition was significantly (p<0.01) higher in cases (56.0%) than in controls (18.0%). The malnourished elderly had around three times AOR=3.155; 95% CI: 1.53-6.49, p=0.002) more (risk of having depression than the controls. The unemployed elderly (AOR=4.964; 95% CI: 2.361-10.440; p=0.0001) and the elderly of the lower and middle class (AOR=3.654; 95% CI: 2.266-7.767; p=0.001) were more likely to experience depression. The elderly having a poor diet were more likely to experience depression (AOR=3.384; 95% CI: 1.764-6.703; p=0.0001). The single elderly (AOR=2.368; 95% CI: 1.762-6.524; p=0.001) and the elderly tobacco users (AOR=2.332; 95% CI: 1.663-5.623; p=0.003) were more likely to experience depression.Conclusions: A significant association between malnutrition and depression is evident in the rural elderly individuals of Bangladesh. It will be a prolific initiative if policymakers merge malnutrition and the risk factors associated with geriatric depression in the provision of universal health care for better health and well-being of the rural elderly populations.

Download Full-text

Intestinal Protozoal Parasites in Diarrheal Children and Associated Risk Factors at Yirgalem Hospital, Ethiopia: A Case-Control Study

International Scholarly Research Notices ◽

10.1155/2014/357126 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Teshome Firdu ◽

Fufa Abunna ◽

Mekonnen Girma

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Intestinal Parasites ◽

Age Groups ◽

Case Control ◽

Cryptosporidium Spp ◽

Wet Mount ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Associated Risk Factors ◽

Control Study

Aim. A case-control study was conducted to determine the prevalence of G. lamblia, Cryptosporidium, spp and E. histolytica/dispar in diarrheal children at Yirgalem Hospital from February 2011 to August. Subjects and Methods. A total of 230 children participated in the study of which 115 (50%) were cases and 115 (50%) were controls. A single stool sample was collected and examined by direct saline wet mount, formol-ether concentration, and modified Ziehl-Neelsen. Results. Eighty-four (36.52%) were positive for at least one intestinal parasites (57 (49.56%) from diarrheal children and 27 (23.47%) out of nondiarrheal children). The prevalence of G. lamblia, Cryptosporidium spp, and E. histolytica/dispar was 15.65%, 9.56%, and 4.35% in children with diarrhea and 1.74%, 5.21%, and 1.74% in those without it, respectively. Cryptosporidium spp and E. histolytica/dispar revealed higher infection in males (10.81% and 5.4%, resp.) than in females (7.32% and 2.43%, resp.). G. lamblia infection was higher in females (29.27%) than in males (8.11%). Cryptosporidium spp infection was higher in the age groups of ≤4 years old (53.84%). Significant difference was seen between 10 and 13 (7.69%) years old. Higher prevalence of E. histolytica/dispar was found in 5–9 years (85.71%) than ≤4 years old (14.28%). Conclusion. Cryptosporidium spp, E. histolytica/dispar, and G. lamblia were higher in children with diarrhea than in those without it.

Download Full-text

Case-control study to determine the associated risk factors of the presence of bubonic plague in Tunad, Hualabamba and El Gigante villages in San Bernardino district-San Pablocajamarca, Peru

Journal of Clinical Epidemiology ◽

10.1016/s0895-4356(97)87251-4 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 50 ◽

pp. S27

Author(s):

Oswaldo Cabanillas Angulo ◽

Elena Vargas ◽

Jorge Benites

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Bubonic Plague ◽

San Bernardino ◽

Associated Risk Factors ◽

Control Study

Download Full-text

FRI0438 Hospitalisation mortality and associated risk factors in patients with polymyositis and dermatomyositis: a retrospective case-control study

10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-eular.4447 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

C. Wu ◽

Q. Wang ◽

L. HE ◽

E. Yang ◽

X. ZENG

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Retrospective Case ◽

Associated Risk Factors ◽

Control Study

Download Full-text

A Case-Control Study on Risk Factors affected Peripherals Neuropathic complication in Elderly with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology ◽

10.52711/0974-360x.2021.00700 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 4040-4046

Author(s):

Made Krisna Adi Jaya ◽

Dewa Ayu Swastini ◽

Baiq Leny Nopitasari ◽

Putu Rika Veryanti

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Case Control Study ◽

The Elderly ◽

Case Control ◽

Smoking History ◽

Control Study

Background: Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN) is a microvascular complication that commonly occurs in people with diabetes mellitus. Geriatrics with type 2 diabetes mellitus is one of the populations most vulnerable to this complication. An epidemiological study states that geriatrics has a 32% greater risk of developing this complication compared to other age groups. There have not been many studies conducted to evaluate the risk factors that influence this DPN complication, so it needs to be done an individual evaluation for the elderly population. Objective: This study aims to explore the risk factors that influence the incidence of DPN in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: A case-control study design was carried out on 70 geriatrics with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The outcome determined was the incidence of DPN to track the cause of DPN exposure retrospectively. Influential risk factors are determined by the Odds Ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). All statistical analyzes were two-tailed, and p-values <0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Results: Seven factors influence the incidence of DPN in the elderly consisting of smoking history (OR=13.1), uncontrolled lipid profile (OR=5.1), non-neuroprotector users (OR=5.6), uncontrolled blood glucose (OR=42.7), history of heart disease (OR=9.0), uncontrolled blood pressure (OR=4.3), and BMI above normal (OR=5.1). Conclusion: Strong recommendation for medical personnel to focus attention on seven significant risk factors affected complications of DPN to reduce its progression or prevent upcoming complications.

Download Full-text

Risk factors in lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow): a case-control study

Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume) ◽

10.1177/1753193412442464 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 38 (2) ◽

pp. 159-164 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

A. G. Titchener ◽

A. Fakis ◽

A. A. Tambe ◽

C. Smith ◽

R. B. Hubbard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Tennis Elbow ◽

Lateral Epicondylitis ◽

Case Control ◽

Smoking History ◽

Health Improvement ◽

Tunnel Syndrome ◽

Associated Risk Factors ◽

Control Study

Lateral epicondylitis is a common condition, but relatively little is known about its aetiology and associated risk factors. We have undertaken a large case-control study using The Health Improvement Network database to assess and quantify the relative contributions of some constitutional and environmental risk factors for lateral epicondylitis in the community. Our dataset included 4998 patients with lateral epicondylitis who were individually matched with a single control by age, sex, and general practice. The median age at diagnosis was 49 (interquartile range 42–56) years . Multivariate analysis showed that the risk factors associated with lateral epicondylitis were rotator cuff pathology (OR 4.95), De Quervain’s disease (OR 2.48), carpal tunnel syndrome (OR 1.50), oral corticosteroid therapy (OR 1.68), and previous smoking history (OR 1.20). Diabetes mellitus, current smoking, trigger finger, rheumatoid arthritis, alcohol intake, and obesity were not found to be associated with lateral epicondylitis.

Download Full-text

Genetic risk factors for venous thrombosis in the elderly in a case-control study

Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1111/jth.13409 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 14 (9) ◽

pp. 1759-1764 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

A. Karasu ◽

M. J. Engbers ◽

M. Cushman ◽

F. R. Rosendaal ◽

A. van Hylckama Vlieg

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Venous Thrombosis ◽

Genetic Risk ◽

Case Control Study ◽

The Elderly ◽

Genetic Risk Factors ◽

Case Control ◽

Control Study

Download Full-text

Association between Neuroleptics and Venous Thromboembolism: A Case-Control Study.

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v104.11.2601.2601 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 104 (11) ◽

pp. 2601-2601

Author(s):

Karine Lacut ◽

Gregoire Le Gal ◽

Emmanuel Oger ◽

Dominique Mottier

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Venous Thromboembolism ◽

Antipsychotic Drugs ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

University Hospital ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Control Study

Abstract Background: Preliminary reports suggest that use of antipsychotic drugs is associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), but others did not confirm these results. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between antipsychotic drugs and VTE. Design: Case-control study (EDITH) designed to investigate genetic and environmental risk factors of VTE. Setting: Brest University Hospital. Participants: 857 patients consecutively hospitalized for a documented venous thromboembolic event were included between May 2000 and May 2004. Controls were matched on age, sex and the main risk factors of venous thromboembolism (cancer, surgery, pregnancy…). Results: The mean age of patients was 67.7 year. No significant difference was found between cases and controls concerning the main characteristics, except for smocking and body mass index. Among cases, 89 (10.4%) were current users of neuroleptics compared to 35 (4.8%) among controls. Current use of neuroleptics was associated with a significant increased risk of venous thromboembolism (OR = 2.32, 95% CI: 1.55–3.48). Excluding neuroleptics used for non psychiatric disorders, and after adjustment on the main confounding factors, this association remained significant (OR = 3.48, 95% CI: 2.00–6.04). No difference was found between the different chemical categories of neuroleptics, but the number of patients in some groups had limited statistical power to demonstrate significant differences. Biological mechanisms of action have been proposed to explain this relation. Analyses are ongoing for anti-phospholipid antibodies and homocysteine. Conclusion: In this case-control study of hospitalized patients, neuroleptics use was associated with a significant increased risk of venous thromboembolism. These results are concordant with previous reports. Nevertheless, further investigations are needed to explain wich mechanisms may be involved in such association and before use of neuroleptics can be definitely considered as risk factor for venous thromboembolism.

Download Full-text