Identification of Issue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP1) as a Potential Biomarker for the Diagnosis, Pathogenesis and Prognosis of Colorectal Cancer via Integrated Bioinformatic Analysis
Abstract Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant tumor of the digestive system. It is crucial to screen potential biomarkers for the diagnosis, pathogenesis, and prognosis of CRC because there are limited clinical symptoms associated with this cancer. Therefore, we attempted to identify biomarkers associated with the occurrence and progression of CRC by utilizing bioinformatic analysis and to elucidate a molecular mechanism for the diagnosis and treatment of CRC. Methods: Two independent gene expression profile datasets of colonic neoplasms (GSE44076 and GSE37182) were collected from public GEO datasets, which included 182 tumor tissues and 236 normal tissues. Next, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between CRC colonic samples and non-CRC colonic samples were obtained via GEO2R online tools. Subsequently, hub genes were selected by several analyses of DEGs, including GO pathway enrichment analysis, KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, and PPI network analysis. Finally, the correlation between the hub genes and the occurrence of CRC was tested by harnessing survival analysis and ROC curve analysis. Results: Sixty-one shared DEGs were screened, including 44 high-expression genes and 17 low-expression genes, in CRC samples. Four genes (MYC, TIMP1, MMP7, and COL1A1) were considered to be hub genes because they exhibited higher connectivity degree scores through PPI network analysis. More importantly, there was a significant correlation between increased expression of TIMP1 and reduced survival time in patients with colorectal cancer. Conclusion: By using bioinformatic analysis, this study suggested that Timp-1 may represent a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of targeted molecular therapy for CRC.