scholarly journals “Effect of Yoga Intervention on Skeletal Muscle Linked Glucose Homeostasis in Pre-Diabetic Individuals: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial”

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Supriya Sudhakar Bhalerao ◽  
Jayshree Kharche ◽  
Shubhangi Harke
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Muscle Quality ◽  
Clinical Trial Registry ◽  
Primary Defect ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Function ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Randomized Clinical Study

Abstract Background- The pre-diabetic stage is important in terms of identification and timely management, as it is reversible. Along with other factors, insulin resistance in skeletal muscle is often considered as primary defect before development of overt hyperglycemia and diabetes. Proven to have many health benefits, Yoga has emerged as an effective measure in management of diabetes. As the Yogic postures are relatable to exercises, it was considered for improving skeletal muscle function and reverse the pre-diabetic stage.Methods- The present open, randomized clinical study is planned to evaluate the effect of Yoga interventions on muscle mass, strength, endurance and flexibility which are direct or indirect indicators of fat deposition in skeletal muscles. The study will also explore association between changes in muscle quality/ functionality and glycemic control. With Ethics committee permission, 120 pre-diabetic individuals of either sex between the age group of 35-49 years with a BMI in the range of 25-35 kg/m2 and family history of T2DM will be recruited in study after obtaining written informed consent. They will be randomly allocated to either Yoga or exercise group by computer generated randomized method in a 1:1 ratio. One group will receive defined Yoga interventions, while other group will receive fixed program of physical exercises. Both groups will undergo a training session for a period of 4 weeks under the supervision of a trained instructor, before 12-week study duration. The outcome measures will be parameters related to muscle quality/functionality and glucose metabolism markers. Discussion- Our study aims to study usefulness of Yoga in prediabetic stage on skeletal muscle related glycemic control, which is novel. In addition, the study will generate awareness about pre-diabetes and provide people with active coping skills for reversing it. Trial Registration- Clinical Trial Registry-India -CTRI/2019/05/019149, registered on: 15/05/2019

scholarly journals Age-induced oxidative stress: how does it influence skeletal muscle quantity and quality?

2016 ◽  
Vol 121 (5) ◽  
pp. 1047-1052 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cory W. Baumann ◽  
Dongmin Kwak ◽  
Haiming M. Liu ◽  
LaDora V. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Strength Loss ◽  
Muscle Quality ◽  
Muscle Size ◽  
Nitrogen Species ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Function ◽  
Protein Balance ◽  
Ec Coupling

With advancing age, skeletal muscle function declines as a result of strength loss. These strength deficits are largely due to reductions in muscle size (i.e., quantity) and its intrinsic force-producing capacity (i.e., quality). Age-induced reductions in skeletal muscle quantity and quality can be the consequence of several factors, including accumulation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS), also known as oxidative stress. Therefore, the purpose of this mini-review is to highlight the published literature that has demonstrated links between aging, oxidative stress, and skeletal muscle quantity or quality. In particular, we focused on how oxidative stress has the potential to reduce muscle quantity by shifting protein balance in a deficit, and muscle quality by impairing activation at the neuromuscular junction, excitation-contraction (EC) coupling at the ryanodine receptor (RyR), and cross-bridge cycling within the myofibrillar apparatus. Of these, muscle weakness due to EC coupling failure mediated by RyR dysfunction via oxidation and/or nitrosylation appears to be the strongest candidate based on the publications reviewed. However, it is clear that age-associated oxidative stress has the ability to alter strength through several mechanisms and at various locations of the muscle fiber.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of impedance parameters for muscle quality evaluation in healthy men

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroki Sato ◽  
Takao Nakamura ◽  
Toshimasa Kusuhara ◽  
Kobara Kenichi ◽  
Katsushi Kuniyasu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Muscle Quality ◽  
Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Function ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
Impedance Parameters

Abstract We investigated the relationship between impedance parameters and skeletal muscle function in the lower extremities, as well as the effectiveness of impedance parameters in evaluating muscle quality. Lower extremity impedance of 19 healthy men (aged 23–31 years) measured using the direct segmental multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis were arc-optimized using the Cole–Cole model, following which phase angle (PA), $${R}_{i}/{R}_{e}$$ R i / R e , and β were estimated. Skeletal muscle function was assessed by muscle thickness, muscle intensity, and isometric knee extension force (IKEF). IKEF was positively correlated with PA (r = 0.58, p < 0.01) and β (r = 0.34, p < 0.05) was negatively correlated with $${R}_{i}/{R}_{e}$$ R i / R e (r = − 0.43, p < 0.01). Stepwise multiple regression analysis results revealed that PA, β, and $${R}_{i}/{R}_{e}$$ R i / R e were correlated with IKEF independently of muscle thickness. This study suggests that arc-optimized impedance parameters are effective for evaluating muscle quality and prediction of muscle strength.

scholarly journals Pressure Dressings Versus Nonpressure Dressings After Hemorrhoidectomy: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Xue ◽  
Jing Wu ◽  
Ping Zhu ◽  
Dan Wang ◽  
Mei Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Urinary Retention ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Postoperative Bleeding ◽  
Clinical Trial Registry ◽  
Skin Injury ◽  
Open Hemorrhoidectomy ◽  
Randomized Clinical Study ◽  
Primary Endpoints ◽  
Medical Adhesive

Abstract BackgroundPressure dressings have been used after open hemorrhoidectomy to protect surgical wounds and manage postoperative bleeding for many years. However, pressure dressings may increase the incidence of postoperative complications, such as urinary retention, medical adhesive-related skin injury, and pain. A previous controlled trial included 67 patients who underwent Milligan-Morgan hemorrhoidectomy. The data indicated that the use of a nonpressure dressing after hemorrhoidectomy reduces the incidence of urinary retention and catheterization. However, the incidence of severe postoperative bleeding and other postoperative complications was not assessed. There is no consensus on whether it is necessary and beneficial to use a nonpressure dressing after hemorrhoidectomy. The results of this randomized clinical study will help answer this question.MethodsIn this study, we plan to include 186 patients who have undergone Milligan-Morgan hemorrhoidectomy. The purpose is to determine whether the use of nonpressure dressings after open hemorrhoidectomy is inferior to the use of pressure dressings in terms of severe postoperative bleeding and postoperative complications. The primary endpoints of the trial are the incidence of urinary retention within 24 hours after surgery and the incidence of severe postoperative bleeding one hour after dressing removal, which requires revision surgery within 24 hours after the surgery. The secondary endpoints of the study are the pain score, anal distension score, postoperative use of analgesics, and incidence of medical adhesive-related skin injury, all of which will be assessed before removing the dressings. The length of hospitalization in days and hospitalization expenses will be recorded. Safety will be assessed with consideration of all adverse and severe adverse events related to the study treatment.DiscussionThe study received full ethics committee approval. The first patient was enrolled on 27 November 2020. The results of this trial will finally answer the question of whether a nonpressure dressing after open hemorrhoidectomy is necessary and beneficial.Trial registrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry (registration ID: ChiCTR2000040283). Registered on 28 November. 2020. {2} http://www.chictr.org.cn/edit.aspx?pid=58894&htm=4 {2b}

scholarly journals Potential Utility of Electrical Impedance Myography in Evaluating Age-Related Skeletal Muscle Function Deficits

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian C. Clark ◽  
Seward Rutkove ◽  
Elmer C. Lupton ◽  
Carlos J. Padilla ◽  
W. David Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Muscle Quality ◽  
Muscle Size ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Potential Utility ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Function ◽  
Muscle Health

Skeletal muscle function deficits associated with advancing age are due to several physiological and morphological changes including loss of muscle size and quality (conceptualized as a reduction in the intrinsic force-generating capacity of a muscle when adjusted for muscle size). Several factors can contribute to loss of muscle quality, including denervation, excitation-contraction uncoupling, increased fibrosis, and myosteatosis (excessive levels of inter- and intramuscular adipose tissue and intramyocellular lipids). These factors also adversely affect metabolic function. There is a major unmet need for tools to rapidly and easily assess muscle mass and quality in clinical settings with minimal patient and provider burden. Herein, we discuss the potential for electrical impedance myography (EIM) as a tool to evaluate muscle mass and quality in older adults. EIM applies weak, non-detectible (e.g., 400 μA), mutifrequency (e.g., 1 kHz–1 MHz) electrical currents to a muscle (or muscle group) through two excitation electrodes, and resulting voltages are measured via two sense electrodes. Measurements are fast (~5 s/muscle), simple to perform, and unaffected by factors such as hydration that may affect other simple measures of muscle status. After nearly 2 decades of study, EIM has been shown to reflect muscle health status, including the presence of atrophy, fibrosis, and fatty infiltration, in a variety of conditions (e.g., developmental growth and maturation, conditioning/deconditioning, and obesity) and neuromuscular diseases states [e.g., amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and muscular dystrophies]. In this article, we describe prior work and current evidence of EIM’s potential utility as a measure of muscle health in aging and geriatric medicine.

scholarly journals Age-related changes in isolated mouse skeletal muscle function are dependent on sex, muscle, and contractility mode

2020 ◽  
Vol 319 (3) ◽  
pp. R296-R314
Author(s):  
Cameron Hill ◽  
Rob S. James ◽  
Val. M. Cox ◽  
Frank Seebacher ◽  
Jason Tallis
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Fatigue Resistance ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Isometric Force ◽  
Muscle Quality ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Function ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mouse Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Age Related

The present study aimed to simultaneously examine the age-related, muscle-specific, sex-specific, and contractile mode-specific changes in isolated mouse skeletal muscle function and morphology across multiple ages. Measurements of mammalian muscle morphology, isometric force and stress (force/cross-sectional area), absolute and normalized (power/muscle mass) work-loop power across a range of contractile velocities, fatigue resistance, and myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform concentration were measured in 232 isolated mouse (CD-1) soleus, extensor digitorum longus (EDL), and diaphragm from male and female animals aged 3, 10, 30, 52, and 78 wk. Aging resulted in increased body mass and increased soleus and EDL muscle mass, with atrophy only present for female EDL by 78 wk despite no change in MHC isoform concentration. Absolute force and power output increased up to 52 wk and to a higher level for males. A 23–36% loss of isometric stress exceeded the 14–27% loss of power normalized to muscle mass between 10 wk and 52 wk, although the loss of normalized power between 52 and 78 wk continued without further changes in stress ( P > 0.23). Males had lower power normalized to muscle mass than females by 78 wk, with the greatest decline observed for male soleus. Aging did not cause a shift toward slower contractile characteristics, with reduced fatigue resistance observed in male EDL and female diaphragm. Our findings show that the loss of muscle quality precedes the loss of absolute performance as CD-1 mice age, with the greatest effect seen in male soleus, and in most instances without muscle atrophy or an alteration in MHC isoforms.

scholarly journals Pressure dressings versus nonpressure dressings after hemorrhoidectomy: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Trials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Xue ◽  
Jing Wu ◽  
Ping Zhu ◽  
Dan Wang ◽  
Mei Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Urinary Retention ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Postoperative Bleeding ◽  
Clinical Trial Registry ◽  
Skin Injury ◽  
Open Hemorrhoidectomy ◽  
Randomized Clinical Study ◽  
Primary Endpoints ◽  
Medical Adhesive

Abstract Background Pressure dressings have been used after open hemorrhoidectomy to protect surgical wounds and manage postoperative bleeding for many years. However, pressure dressings may increase the incidence of postoperative complications, such as urinary retention, medical adhesive-related skin injury, and pain. A previous controlled trial included 67 patients who underwent Milligan-Morgan hemorrhoidectomy. The data indicated that the use of a nonpressure dressing after hemorrhoidectomy reduces the incidence of urinary retention and catheterization. However, the incidence of severe postoperative bleeding and other postoperative complications was not assessed. There is no consensus on whether it is necessary and beneficial to use a nonpressure dressing after hemorrhoidectomy. The results of this randomized clinical study will help answer this question. Methods In this study, we plan to include 186 patients who have undergone modified Milligan-Morgan hemorrhoidectomy, which only sutured external hemorrhoids to reduce the risk of bleeding. The purpose is to determine whether the use of nonpressure dressings after open hemorrhoidectomy is inferior to the use of pressure dressings in terms of severe postoperative bleeding and postoperative complications. The primary endpoints of the trial are the incidence of urinary retention within 24 h after surgery and the incidence of severe postoperative bleeding 1 h after dressing removal, which requires revision surgery within 24 h after the surgery. The secondary endpoints of the study are the pain score, anal distension score, postoperative use of analgesics, and incidence of medical adhesive-related skin injury, all of which will be assessed before removing the dressings. The length of hospitalization in days and hospitalization expenses will be recorded. Safety will be assessed with consideration of all adverse and severe adverse events related to the study treatment. Discussion The study received full ethics committee approval. The first patient was enrolled on 27 November 2020. The results of this trial will finally answer the question of whether a nonpressure dressing after open hemorrhoidectomy is necessary and beneficial. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2000040283. Registered on 28 November 2020.

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