scholarly journals The Growth of Plants and Indigenous Bacterial Community Were Significantly Affected by Cadmium Contamination in Soil-Plant System

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunyan Du ◽  
Dawei Zhang ◽  
Dinggang Zhou ◽  
Lili Liu ◽  
Jinfeng Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
Plant System ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
Soil Bacterial ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Concentrations of heavy metals continue to increase in soil environments as a result of both anthropogenic activities and natural processes. Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic heavy metals and poses health risks to both humans and the ecosystem. Herein, we explore the impacts of Cd on a soil-plant system composed of oilseed rape (Brassica napus and Brassica juncea) and bacteria. The two species of oilseed rape displayed a similar variation trend under Cd treatment. Cd accumulation within plant tissues enhanced with increasing concentrations of Cd in soils, and Cd treatment decreased chlorophyll content and suppressed plant growth. Meanwhile, Cd stress induced the changes of antioxidative enzymes activities including elevating SOD and POD activities and reducing CAT activity. The impact of Cd on the bacterial communities of soils was greater than bacterial communities of plants (phyllosphere and endophyte). The α-diversity of bacterial community in soils declined significantly under higher Cd concentration (30 mg/kg). In addition, soil bacterial communities composition and structure were altered in the presence of higher Cd concentration. Meanwhile, the bacterial community of bulk soil was significantly correlated with Cd, while the variation of rhizosphere soil bacterial community was markedly correlated with Cd and other environmental factors of both soils and plants. These results suggested that Cd could affect both the growth of plants and the indigenous bacterial community in soil-plant system, which might further change ecosystem functions in soils.

scholarly journals The growth of plants and indigenous bacterial community were significantly affected by cadmium contamination in soil–plant system

AMB Express ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunyan Du ◽  
Dawei Zhang ◽  
Dinggang Zhou ◽  
Lili Liu ◽  
Jinfeng Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Plant System ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
The Impact

AbstractConcentrations of heavy metals continue to increase in soil environments as a result of both anthropogenic activities and natural processes. Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic heavy metals and poses health risks to both humans and the ecosystem. Herein, we explore the impacts of Cd on a soil–plant system composed of oilseed rapes (Brassica napus and Brassica juncea) and bacteria. The results showed that Cd accumulation within tissues of two species of oilseed rapes enhanced with increasing concentrations of Cd in soils, and Cd treatment decreased their chlorophyll content and suppressed rapeseeds growth. Meanwhile, Cd stress induced the changes of antioxidative enzymes activities of both B. napus and B. juncea. Response to Cd of bacterial community was similar in soil-two species of oilseed rapes system. The impact of Cd on the bacterial communities of soils was greater than bacterial communities of plants (phyllosphere and endophyte). The α-diversity of bacterial community in soils declined significantly under higher Cd concentration (30 mg/kg). In addition, soil bacterial communities composition and structure were altered in the presence of higher Cd concentration. Meanwhile, the bacterial communities of bulk soils were significantly correlated with Cd, while the variation of rhizosphere soils bacterial communities were markedly correlated with Cd and other environmental factors of both soils and plants. These results suggested that Cd could affect both the growth of plants and the indigenous bacterial community in soil–plant system, which might further change ecosystem functions in soils.

scholarly journals Continuous cropping of cut chrysanthemum reduces rhizospheric soil microbial populations, diversity and network complexity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Li ◽  
Xiaoyu Cheng ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Hanjie Zhang ◽  
Tianlang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Continuous Cropping ◽  
Soil Microbial Diversity ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
Soil Bacterial ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Continuous cropping of cut chrysanthemum causes soil degradation and chrysanthemum quality decline, but the biotic and abiotic mechanisms behind it remain unclear. This impedes our ability to assess the true effects of continuous cropping on agricultural soil functions and our ability to repair impaired soils. Here we examined the impact of different replanting years on microbial communities and enzyme activities in rhizosphere soil of cut chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium). Our results showed that soil total nitrogen (TN) and organic carbon (SOC) contents were significantly lower in the soil with 12 years of continuous cropping (Y12) than that in the soil with 1 year of cropping (Y1). Compared with Y1, Y12 treatment decreased alkaline phosphatase and β -glucosidase by 12.1 and 24.4%, but increased the activities of soil urease and catalase by 98.2 and 34.8%, respectively. Soil bacterial populations in Y6 (continuous cropping for 6 years) and Y12 treatments decreased by 52.3 and 87.5% compared with that in Y1 treatment. Moreover, the bacterial α-diversity (Shannon index) significantly decreased by 37.3 and 57.6% over 6 and 12 years of continuous cropping, respectively. Long-term monoculture cropping shifted the bacterial community composition, with decreased abundances of dominant phyla such as Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria, but with an increase in the relative abundances of Actinobacteria and Chloroflexi, and Gemmatimonadetes. Moreover, Y6 and Y12 treatments harbored less microbial network complexity, lower bacterial taxa, and fewer linkages among bacterial taxa, relative to Y1. Soil pH, SOC, and TN were the main edaphic factors affecting soil bacterial community compositions and diversity. Overall, our results demonstrate that continuous cropping has a significant negative impact on soil microbial diversity and complexity.

scholarly journals Effects of shade stress on morphophysiology and rhizosphere soil bacterial communities of two contrasting shade-tolerant turfgrasses

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juanjuan Fu ◽  
Yilan Luo ◽  
Pengyue Sun ◽  
Jinzhu Gao ◽  
Donghao Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Shade Tolerance ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Photosynthetic Capacity ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Soil Bacterial ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Shade presents one of the major abiotic limitations for turfgrass growth. Shade influences plant growth and alters plant metabolism, yet little is known about how shade affects the structure of rhizosphere soil microbial communities and the role of soil microorganisms in plant shade responses. In this study, a glasshouse experiment was conducted to examine the impact of shade stress on the growth and photosynthetic capacity of two contrasting shade-tolerant turfgrasses, shade-tolerant dwarf lilyturf (Ophiopogon japonicus, OJ) and shade-intolerant perennial turf-type ryegrass (Lolium perenne, LP). We also examined soil-plant feedback effects on shade tolerance in the two turfgrass genotypes. Bacterial community composition was assayed using high-throughput sequencing. Results: Our physiochemical data showed that under shade stress, OJ maintained higher photosynthetic capacity and root growth, thus OJ was found to be more shade-tolerant than LP. Shade-intolerant LP responded better to both shade and soil microbes than shade-tolerant OJ. Shade and live soil decreased LP growth but increased biomass allocation to shoots in the live soil. The plant shade response index of LP is higher in the live soil than sterile soil, driven by weakened soil-plant feedback under shade stress. In contrast, there was no difference in these values for OJ under similar shade and soil treatments. Illumina sequencing data revealed that shade stress had little impact on the diversity of the OJ and LP’s bacterial communities, but instead impacted the composition of bacterial communities. The bacterial communities were mostly composed of Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria in OJ soil. Further pairwise fitting analysis showed that a positive correlation of shade-tolerance in two turfgrasses and their bacterial community compositions. Several soil properties (NO3--N, NH4+-N, AK) showed a tight coupling with several major bacterial communities under shade stress, indicating that they are important drivers determining bacterial community structures. Moreover, OJ shared core bacterial taxa known to promote plant growth and confer tolerance to shade stress, which suggests common principles underpinning OJ-microbe interactions. Conclusion: Plant shade tolerance is mediated by soil-plant feedback and shade-induced changes in rhizosphere soil bacterial community structure in OJ and LP plants.

scholarly journals Soil pH is the primary factor driving the distribution and function of microorganisms in farmland soils in northeastern China

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (13) ◽  
pp. 1461-1473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-yu Wang ◽  
Xue Zhou ◽  
Dan Guo ◽  
Jiang-hua Zhao ◽  
Li Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Nitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Ecological Functions ◽  
Illumina Hiseq ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
Farmland Soils ◽  
Soil Bacterial

Abstract Purpose To understand which environmental factors influence the distribution and ecological functions of bacteria in agricultural soil. Method A broad range of farmland soils was sampled from 206 locations in Jilin province, China. We used 16S rRNA gene-based Illumina HiSeq sequencing to estimated soil bacterial community structure and functions. Result The dominant taxa in terms of abundance were found to be, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, Chloroflexi, and Proteobacteria. Bacterial communities were dominantly affected by soil pH, whereas soil organic carbon did not have a significant influence on bacterial communities. Soil pH was significantly positively correlated with bacterial operational taxonomic unit abundance and soil bacterial α-diversity (P<0.05) spatially rather than with soil nutrients. Bacterial functions were estimated using FAPROTAX, and the relative abundance of anaerobic and aerobic chemoheterotrophs, and nitrifying bacteria was 27.66%, 26.14%, and 6.87%, respectively, of the total bacterial community. Generally, the results indicate that soil pH is more important than nutrients in shaping bacterial communities in agricultural soils, including their ecological functions and biogeographic distribution.

scholarly journals Quality of Irrigation Water Affects Soil Functionality and Bacterial Community Stability in Response to Heat Disturbance

2017 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sammy Frenk ◽  
Yitzhak Hadar ◽  
Dror Minz
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Resource Availability ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Soil Bacterial Communities ◽  
High Resource ◽  
Soil Bacterial

ABSTRACTAnthropogenic activities alter the structure and function of a bacterial community. Furthermore, bacterial communities structured by the conditions the anthropogenic activities present may consequently reduce their stability in response to an unpredicted acute disturbance. The present mesocosm-scale study exposed soil bacterial communities to different irrigation water types, including freshwater, fertilized freshwater, treated wastewater, and artificial wastewater, and evaluated their response to a disturbance caused by heat. These effectors may be considered deterministic and stochastic forces common in agricultural operations of arid and semiarid regions. Bacterial communities under conditions of high mineral and organic carbon availability (artificial wastewater) differed from the native bacterial community and showed a proteobacterial dominance. These bacterial communities had a lower resistance to the heat treatment disturbance than soils under conditions of low resource availability (high-quality treated wastewater or freshwater). The latter soil bacterial communities showed a higher abundance of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) classified asBacilli. These results were elucidated by soil under conditions of high resource availability, which lost higher degrees of functional potential and had a greater bacterial community composition change. However, the functional resilience, after the disturbance ended, was higher under a condition of high resource availability despite the bacterial community composition shift and the decrease in species richness. The functional resilience was directly connected to the high growth rates of certainBacteroidetesand proteobacterial groups. A high stability was found in samples that supported the coexistence of both resistant OTUs and fast-growing OTUs.IMPORTANCEThis report presents the results of a study employing a hypothesis-based experimental approach to reveal the forces involved in determining the stability of a soil bacterial community to disturbance. The resultant postdisturbance bacterial community composition dynamics and functionality were analyzed. The paper demonstrates the relatedness of community structure and stability under cultivation conditions prevalent in an arid area under irrigation with water of different qualities. The use of common agricultural practices to demonstrate these features has not been described before. The combination of a fundamental theoretical issue in ecology with common and concerning disturbances caused by agricultural practice makes this study unique. Furthermore, the results of the present study have applicable importance regarding soil conservation, as it enables a better characterization and monitoring of stressed soil bacterial communities and possible intervention to reduce the stress. It will also be of valued interest in coming years, as fresh water scarcity and the use of alternative water sources are expected to rise globally.

scholarly journals Effects of shade stress on morphophysiology and rhizosphere soil bacterial communities of two contrasting shade-tolerant turfgrasses

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juanjuan Fu ◽  
Yilan Luo ◽  
Pengyue Sun ◽  
Jinzhu Gao ◽  
Donghao Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Shade Tolerance ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Soil Bacterial Communities ◽  
Soil Bacterial ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Perturbations in the abiotic stress directly or indirectly affect plants and root-associated microbial communities. Shade stress presents one of the major abiotic limitations for turfgrass growth, as light availability is severely reduced under a leaf canopy. Studies have shown that shade stress influences plant growth and alters plant metabolism, yet little is known about how it affects the structure of rhizosphere soil bacterial communities. In this study, a glasshouse experiment was conducted to examine the impact of shade stress on the physiology of two contrasting shade-tolerant turfgrasses and their rhizosphere soil microbes. Shade-tolerant dwarf lilyturf (Ophiopogon japonicus, OJ) and shade-intolerant perennial turf-type ryegrasss (Lolium perenne, LP) were used. Bacterial community composition was assayed using high-throughput sequencing. Results: Our physiochemical data showed that under shade stress, OJ maintained higher photosynthetic capacity and root growth, thus OJ was found to be more shade-tolerant than LP. Illumina sequencing data revealed that shade stress had little impact on the diversity of the OJ and LP’s bacterial communities, but instead impacted the composition of bacterial communities. The bacterial communities were mostly composed of Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria in OJ soil. Further pairwise fitting analysis showed that a positive correlation of shade-tolerance in two turfgrasses and their bacterial community compositions. Several soil properties (NO3--N, NH4+-N, AK) showed a tight coupling with several major bacterial communities under shade stress, indicating that they are important drivers determining bacterial community structures. Moreover, OJ shared core bacterial taxa known to promote plant growth and confer tolerance to shade stress, which suggests common principles underpinning OJ-microbe interactions. Conclusion: OJ was more shade-tolerant than LP. Shifts in rhizosphere soil bacterial community structure play a vital role in shade-tolerance of OJ plants.

scholarly journals Pyrosequencing-Based Assessment of Soil pH as a Predictor of Soil Bacterial Community Structure at the Continental Scale

2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (15) ◽  
pp. 5111-5120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian L. Lauber ◽  
Micah Hamady ◽  
Rob Knight ◽  
Noah Fierer
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Bacterial Community Structure ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Phylogenetic Structure ◽  
Soil Bacterial Communities ◽  
Soil Bacterial Community Structure ◽  
Soil Bacterial

ABSTRACT Soils harbor enormously diverse bacterial populations, and soil bacterial communities can vary greatly in composition across space. However, our understanding of the specific changes in soil bacterial community structure that occur across larger spatial scales is limited because most previous work has focused on either surveying a relatively small number of soils in detail or analyzing a larger number of soils with techniques that provide little detail about the phylogenetic structure of the bacterial communities. Here we used a bar-coded pyrosequencing technique to characterize bacterial communities in 88 soils from across North and South America, obtaining an average of 1,501 sequences per soil. We found that overall bacterial community composition, as measured by pairwise UniFrac distances, was significantly correlated with differences in soil pH (r = 0.79), largely driven by changes in the relative abundances of Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes across the range of soil pHs. In addition, soil pH explains a significant portion of the variability associated with observed changes in the phylogenetic structure within each dominant lineage. The overall phylogenetic diversity of the bacterial communities was also correlated with soil pH (R2 = 0.50), with peak diversity in soils with near-neutral pHs. Together, these results suggest that the structure of soil bacterial communities is predictable, to some degree, across larger spatial scales, and the effect of soil pH on bacterial community composition is evident at even relatively coarse levels of taxonomic resolution.

scholarly journals Characterisation of Bt maize IE09S034 in decomposition and response of soil bacterial communities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoli Zhou ◽  
Jingang Liang ◽  
Ying Luan ◽  
Xinyuan Song ◽  
Zhengguang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Bt Maize ◽  
Gm Crop ◽  
Soil Bacterial Communities ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Maize Residues ◽  
Soil Bacterial ◽  
June July ◽  
The Impact

Returning straw to the soil is an effective way to improve the soil quality. As genetically modified (GM) crops experience expanded growing scales, returning straw to the soil could also be necessary. However, the impact of GM crop straws on soil safety remains unclear. The environment (including soil types, humidity and temperature) can result in a significant difference in the diversity of soil bacterial communities. Here, we compared the impacts of the straw from Bt maize IE09S034 (IE) and near-isogenic non-Bt maize Zong31 (CK) on soil bacterial community and microbial metabolic activity in three different environments. Sampling was carried out following 6–10 months of decomposition (May, June, July, and August) in three localities in Chinese cities (Changchun, Jinan, and Beijing). Our results showed that Bt maize residues posed no direct impact on soil bacterial communities in contrast to the environment and decomposed time. The microbial functional diversity and metabolic activity showed no significant difference between IE and CK. The results could be a reference for further assessing the effect of Bt maize residues on the soil that promotes the commercialisation of Bt maize IE09S034.

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