scholarly journals Long-Term Effects of Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) and Perfluorooctane Sulfonic Acid (PFOS) on Soil Microbial Community

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan Tao ◽  
Rui Xu ◽  
Hanzhi Lin ◽  
Duanyi Huang ◽  
Pingzhou Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Gene Prediction ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Perfluorooctanoic Acid ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Soil Microbial

Abstract The extensive application of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) causes their frequent detection in various environments. Nevertheless, the effects of PFASs exposure on environmental microorganisms still remain unknown. In current work, two typical PFASs, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), are selected to investigate their long-term effects on soil microbes. Microbial community structure and diversity were investigated by high-throughput sequencing and multiple statistical methods. Under 90-days of exposure, PFAS treatments increased the alpha-diversity of soil microbial communities with PFOS treatment, followed by PFOA treatment. The long-term exposure of PFASs substantially changed the compositions of soil microbial communities. The most abundant phylum Proteobacteria decreased from 82.9% (without amended PFASs) to 62.1% (with PFOA treatment) and 77.8% (with PFOS treatment). As a comparison, the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, Acidobacteria, and Ignavibacteriae increased in the PFOA or PFOS groups. Comparative co-occurrence networks were constructed to investigate the biotic interactions in the two treatments. It was found that most taxonomy nodes in the PFOA and PFOS networks were associated with the genus Hydrogenophaga and Pseudoxanthomonas, respectively. The LEfSe analysis identified a set of core taxonomies (e.g., Azospirillum, Methyloversatilis, Ancylobacter, Hydrogenophaga, and Methylomonas) in the soil microbial communities and suggested their different preferences to PFAS exposures. Functional gene prediction suggested that the microbial metabolism processes, such as nucleotide transport and metabolism, cell motility, carbohydrate transport and metabolism, energy production and conversion, and secondary metabolites biosynthesis transport and catabolism, might be significantly inhibited under PFAS exposure, which may further affect soil ecological services.

scholarly journals Historical land use has long-term effects on microbial community assembly processes in forest soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernest D. Osburn ◽  
Frank O. Aylward ◽  
J. E. Barrett
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Community Assembly ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Historical Land Use ◽  
Microbial Community Assembly

AbstractLand use change has long-term effects on the structure of soil microbial communities, but the specific community assembly processes underlying these effects have not been identified. To investigate effects of historical land use on microbial community assembly, we sampled soils from several currently forested watersheds representing different historical land management regimes (e.g., undisturbed reference, logged, converted to agriculture). We characterized bacterial and fungal communities using amplicon sequencing and used a null model approach to quantify the relative importance of selection, dispersal, and drift processes on bacterial and fungal community assembly. We found that bacterial communities were structured by both selection and neutral (i.e., dispersal and drift) processes, while fungal communities were structured primarily by neutral processes. For both bacterial and fungal communities, selection was more important in historically disturbed soils compared with adjacent undisturbed sites, while dispersal processes were more important in undisturbed soils. Variation partitioning identified the drivers of selection to be changes in vegetation communities and soil properties (i.e., soil N availability) that occur following forest disturbance. Overall, this study casts new light on the effects of historical land use on soil microbial communities by identifying specific environmental factors that drive changes in community assembly.

A single application of fertiliser or manure to a cropping field has limited long-term effects on soil microbial communities

Soil Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 228
Author(s):  
C. Celestina ◽  
P. W. G. Sale ◽  
J. R. Hunt ◽  
C. Tang ◽  
A. E. Franks
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Poultry Litter ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Soil Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Soil Microbial

A large-scale field experiment was used to investigate the long-term effects of a single application of manure or inorganic fertiliser on microbial communities in the topsoil and subsoil of a cropping field in south-west Victoria. Poultry litter (20 t ha–1) and fertiliser (with equivalent total nutrients to the manure) was either surface broadcast or deep ripped into the subsoil before sowing in 2014. Soil samples were collected from the 0–10 and 25–40cm horizons in each treatment immediately after harvest of the third successive crop in January 2017. Next-generation sequencing of the 16S and ITS rRNA genes was used to characterise the bacterial and fungal communities in the soil. Amendment type and method of placement had a limited effect on soil microbial community structure and diversity, three years after treatments were applied. Fungal communities exhibited weak responses to the poultry litter and fertiliser in comparison to a nil control, but none of the treatments had any detectable effect on bacterial communities. Differences in structure and diversity of microbial communities were overwhelmingly due to their vertical distribution in the soil profile, and not the application of different amendments to the soil by deep ripping or surface broadcasting. The strength and timing of the soil disturbance, plant selection effects and farm management history likely contributed to the lack of measurable response in the soil microbial community.

scholarly journals Long-Term Effects of Soil Remediation with Willow Short Rotation Coppice on Biogeographic Pattern of Microbial Functional Genes

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 140
Author(s):  
Wenjing Liu ◽  
Kai Xue ◽  
Runpeng Hu ◽  
Jizhong Zhou ◽  
Joy D. Van Nostrand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Short Rotation Coppice ◽  
Functional Genes ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Biogeographic Pattern ◽  
Short Rotation

Short rotation coppice (SRC) is increasingly being adopted for bioenergy production, pollution remediation and land restoration. However, its long-term effects on soil microbial communities are poorly characterized. Here, we studied soil microbial functional genes and their biogeographic pattern under SRC with willow trees as compared to those under permanent grassland (C). GeoChip analysis showed a lower functional gene diversity in SRC than in C soil, whereas microbial ATP and respiration did not change. The SRC soil had lower relative abundances of microbial genes encoding for metal(-oid) resistance, antibiotic resistance and stress-related proteins. This indicates a more benign habitat under SRC for microbial communities after relieving heavy metal stress, consistent with the lower phytoavailability of some metals (i.e., As, Cd, Ni and Zn) and higher total organic carbon, NO3−-N and P concentrations. The microbial taxa–area relationship was valid in both soils, but the space turnover rate was higher under SRC within 0.125 m2, which was possibly linked to a more benign environment under SRC, whereas similar values were reached beyond thisarea. Overall, we concluded that SRC management can be considered as a phytotechnology that ameliorates the habitat for soil microorganisms, owing to TOC and nutrient enrichment on the long-term.

Metaproteome of the microbial community in paddy soil after long-term treatment with mineral and organic fertilizers

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 146-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Wu ◽  
Chuan-Hai Li ◽  
Juan Zhao ◽  
Yong-Liang Xiao ◽  
Hui Cao
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Paddy Soil ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Community Research ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Long Term Treatment

The soil microbial community research conducted in the field has focused on the genetic diversity of these organisms. In this study, we assessed the proteins expressed in soil microbial communities following the long-term application of mineral fertilizer (NPK) and organic manure (M) to paddy soil, indirect extraction method and separated via two-dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis and identified using a matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) approach. We found that the number of cells in the primary soil in the M treatment was significantly greater than in the NPK and CK treatments. The numbers of cells extracted were consistent with the total cell numbers and the concentration of extracted proteins (CK < NPK < M). 303 and 306 protein spots being detected in the CK map and NPK map, respectively. Eleven spots of interest were identified in the 2D gels, including 8 different protein spots and 3 unique protein spots. Three common proteins involved in protein hydrolysis and glutamate synthesis and metabolism. Eight differentially expressed proteins involved in DNA replication, transcription, protein folding and energy metabolism, the processes of cofactor and vitamin metabolism, transcriptional regulation, recombination and xenobiotic compound biodegradation and metabolism. The long-term application of fertilization resulted in significant changes in the microbial community structure and function, and the long-term application of pig manure significantly increased the microbial biomass and the functional and structural diversity in the soil. It is very interesting to address the MS identification of intracellular proteins from microbial communities under different fertilizer treatments in a paddy soil.

Impacts of long-term fertilization on the soil microbial communities in double-cropped paddy fields

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 (7) ◽  
pp. 857-864 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Tang ◽  
Y. L. Xu ◽  
X. P. Xiao ◽  
C. Li ◽  
W. Y. Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Soil Microbial

AbstractThe response of soil microbial communities to soil quality changes is a sensitive indicator of soil ecosystem health. The current work investigated soil microbial communities under different fertilization treatments in a 31-year experiment using the phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) profile method. The experiment consisted of five fertilization treatments: without fertilizer input (CK), chemical fertilizer alone (MF), rice (Oryza sativaL.) straw residue and chemical fertilizer (RF), low manure rate and chemical fertilizer (LOM), and high manure rate and chemical fertilizer (HOM). Soil samples were collected from the plough layer and results indicated that the content of PLFAs were increased in all fertilization treatments compared with the control. The iC15:0 fatty acids increased significantly in MF treatment but decreased in RF, LOM and HOM, while aC15:0 fatty acids increased in these three treatments. Principal component (PC) analysis was conducted to determine factors defining soil microbial community structure using the 21 PLFAs detected in all treatments: the first and second PCs explained 89.8% of the total variance. All unsaturated and cyclopropyl PLFAs except C12:0 and C15:0 were highly weighted on the first PC. The first and second PC also explained 87.1% of the total variance among all fertilization treatments. There was no difference in the first and second PC between RF and HOM treatments. The results indicated that long-term combined application of straw residue or organic manure with chemical fertilizer practices improved soil microbial community structure more than the mineral fertilizer treatment in double-cropped paddy fields in Southern China.

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