The effect of maternal education on preventive behaviors of iron deficiency anemia in children: A randomized controlled trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nayereh Mohammadzadeh Larijani ◽  
Mahboobeh khorsandi ◽  
Mohsen Shamsi ◽  
Mehdi Ranjbaran
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Education ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Preventive Behaviors ◽  
Mazandaran Province ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Abstract BackgroundIron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most common hematological disease in infancy and childhood. Therefore, it is necessary to provide maternal education using models that identify factors affecting behavior. Hence, this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of maternal education based on the health belief model (HBM) on preventive behaviors of IDA in children aged 1–6 years in rural health centers of Babol, Mazandaran Province, Iran in 2015.MethodsIn this quasi-experimental study, 119 mothers were selected through multi-stage random sampling and divided into two groups of intervention and control. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity and reliability were studied and confirmed. A pretest was conducted in both groups. Need assessment was done according to the pretest results, and educational intervention was performed in four educational sessions in the intervention group. The same questionnaire was applied for posttest three months after the intervention. SPSS version 20 was used for data analysis.ResultsThere was no significant difference in the mean scores of awareness, HBM constructs, and performance of the mothers between the two groups before the intervention (P < 0.05) while the difference was significant after the intervention (P < 0.001). The mean score of performance, increased significantly from 80.84 to 88.68 in the intervention group after the intervention (P < 0.001).ConclusionEducational intervention, according to the HBM based on a primary needs assessment effectively improves maternal performance about IDA prevention in children. Therefore, it is suggested that these interventions replace conventional educational programs.Trial registration: This trial has been registered at IRCT, IRCT2014082118892N1. Registered on 2014-11-23, https://en.irct.ir/trial/17015

scholarly journals The Effect of Education Based Health Belife Model on Preventive Behaviors of Mother About Iron Deficiency Anemia in Children: Aneducational Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammadzadeh larijani ◽  
Mahboobeh Khorsandi ◽  
Mohsen Shamsi ◽  
Mehdi Ranjbaran
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Educational Intervention ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Preventive Behaviors ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Abstract BackgroundIron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most common hematological disease in infancy and childhood. Therefore, it is necessary to provide maternal education using models that identify factors affecting behavior. Hence, this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of maternal education based on the health belief model (HBM) on preventive behaviors of IDA in children aged 1-6 years in rural health centers of Babol, Mazandaran Province, Iran in 2015.MethodsIn this randomized controlled trial, 119 mothers were selected through multi-stage random sampling and divided into two groups of intervention and control. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity and reliability were studied and confirmed. A pretest was conducted in both groups. Need assessment was done according to the pretest results, and educational intervention was performed in four educational sessions in the intervention group. The same questionnaire was applied for posttest three months after the intervention. SPSS version 20 was used for data analysis.ResultsThere was no significant difference in the mean scores of awareness, HBM constructs, and performance of the mothers between the two groups before the intervention (P>0.05) while the difference was significant after the intervention (P<0.001). The mean score of performance, increased significantly from 80.84 to 88.68 in the intervention group after the intervention (P<0.001).ConclusionEducational intervention, according to the HBM based on a primary needs assessment effectively improves maternal performance about IDA prevention in children. Therefore, it is suggested that these interventions replace conventional educational programs.Trial registration: This trial has been registered at IRCT, IRCT2014082118892N1. Registered on 2014-11-23, https://en.irct.ir/trial/17015

scholarly journals Effectiveness of a health promotion intervention and education based on Health Belief Model on improving the preventive behaviors of self-Medication among women in Tehran, Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Negin Niksadat ◽  
Mehrnoosh Akhtari- Zavare ◽  
Mahmood Reza Gohari ◽  
Davood Shojae Zadeh ◽  
Mahnaz Solhi
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Health Belief Model ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Health Promotion Intervention ◽  
Preventive Behaviors ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Belief Model

Abstract Introduction: Self-medication (SM) is used in medicine without consultation with a physician which leads to serious problems, especially in women. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a health promotion intervention and education based on health belief model (HBM) on improving the preventive behaviors of self-Medication among women in Tehran, Iran. Methods: A quasi-experimental survey was carried out among 88 women in 4 selected health institutions of one of the districts in Tehran, Iran. A multi-stage random sampling method was carried out to select the participants. The intervention group received the educational module based on constructs of HBM on the prevention of SM, free medical facilities, and video about SM. The outcomes were assessed at baseline and one month after intervention by validated questionnaire on constructs of HBM and checklist of behavior in self-medication in both groups. The data were analyzed by SPSS16 using descriptive and analytical statistical tests. Result: At baseline, there was no significant difference between the mean scores of knowledge, perceptions (self-efficacy, susceptibility, severity, perceived benefits and barriers, self-Efficacy) , and prevention of self-medication behavior in both intervention and control groups (p > 0.05); but after the intervention, there was a significant difference between the mean scores of both groups in all variables (p<0.001). Also, post-test results showed the considerable promotion of perceived barriers scores in the intervention group, especially on simple and fast inaccessibility to physician and high physician expenses. Conclusion: Educational and promotional intervention based on the health belief model is effective in improving the perceptions and behavior of women in the prevention of self-medication.

scholarly journals Facebook as a Novel Tool for Continuous Professional Education on Dementia: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

10.2196/16772 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. e16772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Windy SY Chan ◽  
Angela YM Leung
Keyword(s):  
Professional Education ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Participant Engagement ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

Background Social network sites (SNSs) are widely exploited in health education and communication by the general public, including patients with various conditions. Nevertheless, there is an absence of evidence evaluating SNSs in connecting health professionals for professional purposes. Objective This pilot randomized controlled trial was designed to evaluate the feasibility of an intervention aiming to investigate the effects of a continuous professional education program utilizing Facebook to obtain knowledge on dementia and care for patients with dementia. Methods Eighty health professionals from Hong Kong were recruited for participation in the study and randomized at a 1:1 ratio by a block randomization method to the intervention group (n=40) and control group (n=40). The intervention was an 8-week educational program developed to deliver updated knowledge on dementia care from a multidisciplinary perspective, either by Facebook (intervention group) or by email (control group) from October 2018 to January 2019. The primary outcomes were the effects of the intervention, measured by differences in the means of changes in pre- and postintervention scores of knowledge assessments from the 25-item Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale (DKAS) and formative evaluation of 20 multiple choice questions. Other outcome measurements included participant compliance, participant engagement in Facebook, satisfaction, and self-perceived uses of Facebook for continuing professional education programs. Results Significantly more intervention group participants (n=35) completed the study than the control group (n=25) (P<.001). The overall retention rate was 75% (60/80). The mean of changes in scores in the intervention group were significant in all assessments (P<.001). A significant difference in the mean of changes in scores between the two groups was identified in the DKAS subscale Communication and Behavior (95% CI 0.4-3.3, P=.02). There was no significant difference in the total DKAS scores, scores of other DKAS subscales, and multiple choice questions. Participant compliance was significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group (P<.001). The mean numbers of participants accessing the learning materials were 31.5 (SD 3.9) and 17.6 (SD 5.2) in the intervention and control group, respectively. Polls attracted the highest level of participant engagement, followed by videos. Intervention group participants scored significantly higher in favoring the use of Facebook for the continuing education program (P=.03). Overall, participants were satisfied with the interventions (mean score 4 of a total of 5, SD 0.6). Conclusions The significantly higher retention rate, together with the high levels of participant compliance and engagement, demonstrate that Facebook is a promising tool for professional education. Education delivered through Facebook was significantly more effective at improving participants’ knowledge of how people with dementia communicate and behave. Participants demonstrated positive attitudes toward utilizing Facebook for professional learning. These findings provide evidence for the feasibility of using Facebook as an intervention delivery tool in a manner that can be rolled out into practical settings.

scholarly journals Facebook as a Novel Tool for Continuous Professional Education on Dementia: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Windy SY Chan ◽  
Angela YM Leung
Keyword(s):  
Professional Education ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Participant Engagement ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

BACKGROUND Social network sites (SNSs) are widely exploited in health education and communication by the general public, including patients with various conditions. Nevertheless, there is an absence of evidence evaluating SNSs in connecting health professionals for professional purposes. OBJECTIVE This pilot randomized controlled trial was designed to evaluate the feasibility of an intervention aiming to investigate the effects of a continuous professional education program utilizing Facebook to obtain knowledge on dementia and care for patients with dementia. METHODS Eighty health professionals from Hong Kong were recruited for participation in the study and randomized at a 1:1 ratio by a block randomization method to the intervention group (n=40) and control group (n=40). The intervention was an 8-week educational program developed to deliver updated knowledge on dementia care from a multidisciplinary perspective, either by Facebook (intervention group) or by email (control group) from October 2018 to January 2019. The primary outcomes were the effects of the intervention, measured by differences in the means of changes in pre- and postintervention scores of knowledge assessments from the 25-item Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale (DKAS) and formative evaluation of 20 multiple choice questions. Other outcome measurements included participant compliance, participant engagement in Facebook, satisfaction, and self-perceived uses of Facebook for continuing professional education programs. RESULTS Significantly more intervention group participants (n=35) completed the study than the control group (n=25) (<i>P</i>&lt;.001). The overall retention rate was 75% (60/80). The mean of changes in scores in the intervention group were significant in all assessments (<i>P</i>&lt;.001). A significant difference in the mean of changes in scores between the two groups was identified in the DKAS subscale Communication and Behavior (95% CI 0.4-3.3, <i>P</i>=.02). There was no significant difference in the total DKAS scores, scores of other DKAS subscales, and multiple choice questions. Participant compliance was significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group (<i>P</i>&lt;.001). The mean numbers of participants accessing the learning materials were 31.5 (SD 3.9) and 17.6 (SD 5.2) in the intervention and control group, respectively. Polls attracted the highest level of participant engagement, followed by videos. Intervention group participants scored significantly higher in favoring the use of Facebook for the continuing education program (<i>P</i>=.03). Overall, participants were satisfied with the interventions (mean score 4 of a total of 5, SD 0.6). CONCLUSIONS The significantly higher retention rate, together with the high levels of participant compliance and engagement, demonstrate that Facebook is a promising tool for professional education. Education delivered through Facebook was significantly more effective at improving participants’ knowledge of how people with dementia communicate and behave. Participants demonstrated positive attitudes toward utilizing Facebook for professional learning. These findings provide evidence for the feasibility of using Facebook as an intervention delivery tool in a manner that can be rolled out into practical settings.

scholarly journals A randomised controlled trial of an educational intervention to promote Oral and dental health of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Mallekmahmoodi ◽  
Mohsen Shamsi ◽  
Nasrin Roozbahani ◽  
Rahmatalah Moradzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Dental Hygiene ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Performance Score ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Belief Model

Abstract Background: Diabetes is the most prevalent disease resulted from metabolic disorders. This study aimed to investigate the effect of training based on health belief model (HBM) on oral hygiene-related behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: This study was conducted as an educational randomized controlled trial (single blind) on 120 patients with type 2 diabetes referring to a diabetes clinic selected through systematic sampling, who were assigned to two groups of control (N=60) and intervention (N=60). The data collection tool was a valid and reliable questionnaire based on (HBM) which was completed for both groups before the intervention. Then, the intervention group received 4 sessions of training based on health belief model in one month, and the same questionnaire was completed again after 3 months and data were analyzed using SPSS 20 applying the t-test, paired t-tests, Chi square, Mann-whitney test and Wilcoxon test analysis. The significance level was considered at 0.05. Results: Three months after the intervention, awareness of the patients and perceived susceptibility, benefits, self-efficacy, internal cue to action and performance in oral and dental hygiene-related behaviors had a significant increase in the intervention group (p<0.05). So that before the intervention, the mean performance score of the intervention and control groups were 2.16±0.71 and 2.28±0.76, respectively, and no significant difference was observed (p> 0.05). However, after the intervention, the mean performance score of the intervention group (3.25±0.49) was significantly more than that of the control group (2.66 ±0.56) (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Our results suggested that the training the patients with diabetes based on HBM and performing active follow-ups can enhance their skills in the field of oral and dental hygiene-related behaviors. Also, control, monitoring and training follow-up is recommended during these programs.

scholarly journals Design and Implementation of Educational Interventions to Empower Female Students to Prevent Osteoporosis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader Sharifi ◽  
Farangis Sharifi
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Prevention Of Osteoporosis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mean Variance

  Introduction: Osteoporosis is a chronic disease which influences the life of people considerably, especially the women. Most women are not aware that osteoporosis is preventable. Although there is a higher risk of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women, but bone loss can begin at the age of 35. This research was conducted to design and implement educational interventions to empower female students to prevent osteoporosis. Methods: This interventional study was a controlled trial. This study was conducted on female students of Shahrekord Islamic Azad University. A two-stage stratified random sampling was used for recruiting samples. The sample size was set at 150 (75 interventions and 75 controls). A demographic questionnaire and a self-made questionnaire of self-empowerment for the prevention of osteoporosis were used to collect information. Data were collected before the intervention and three months after the intervention. The educational intervention was conducted in two months with eight education sessions. For statistical analyses, the SPSS software version 23 was used. Results: The mean age of the intervention group was 20.69 ± 2.24, and the control group was 20.29 ± 2.04, besides, there was no significant difference between the two groups (P= 0.26). The test indicates a significant difference in mean variance of the intervention group compared to mean variance of the control group in knowledge (P< 0.001), attitude (P< 0.001) and self-efficacy (P= 0.006). The difference in mean variance of the intervention group compared to the mean variance of the control group was not significant in life skills (P= 0.23). Conclusion: The results generally reflect the effect of educational interventions in improving the abilities of female students to prevent osteoporosis. It is suggested to design and implement educational programs to empower women to prevent osteoporosis.   Keywords: Osteoporosis, Preventive, Knowledge, Attitude

Promoting drug abuse preventive behaviors in adolescent students based on the health belief model

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hosein Fadaei ◽  
Jamileh Farokhzadian ◽  
Sakineh Miri ◽  
Reza Goojani
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Preventive Behaviors ◽  
Adolescent Students ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Belief Model ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Health Belief Model

AbstractBackgroundNowadays, drug abuse is one of the most important health problems that can affect the quality of life of people in mental, psychological, physical, and social dimensions. Theory-based education can help the adolescents to promote their drug abuse preventive behaviors.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of education based on the health belief model (HBM) on drug abuse preventive behaviors in adolescent students.MethodsThis study was an interventional quasi-experimental study with a pre-test/post-test design conducted in two high schools in the southeast of Iran. A two-step cluster sampling method was used and 120 students were randomly selected and categorized into the control (n = 60) and intervention (n = 60) groups. The intervention group participated in an education program based on the HBM in four 75-min sessions. Data were collected using demographic and drug abuse preventive behavior questionnaires based on the HBM.ResultsIn the pre-test stage, the mean scores of drug abuse preventive behaviors and its dimensions were not significantly different between the intervention and control groups (t = −2.597 p = 0.641). In the post-test stage, the mean scores of the intervention and control groups were significantly different; the drug abuse preventive behaviors and its dimensions improved in the intervention group (t = 14.57, p < 0.001).ConclusionThe findings showed that education based on the HBM had a significant effect on drug abuse preventive behaviors and its dimensions. Therefore, educational packages based on the HBM are recommended to improve these behaviors in adolescents.

scholarly journals The effectiveness of the robotic game kit on anxiety among hospitalized preschool children: A non-randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sima Pourteimour ◽  
Sahar Kazemi
Keyword(s):  
Separation Anxiety ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Psychological Burden ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Background & Aim: Hospitalization is a challenging experience all children go through in their lives, leading to their utmost anxiety. In this sense, interactive games and activities can help ease this psychological burden. Therefore, we endeavored to determine the effectiveness of a robotic game kit (RGK) on the anxiety of hospitalized preschoolers. Methods & Materials: This non-randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted in a pediatric hospital, Iran, between March and July 2019. 59 participants were assigned to intervention (n=30) or control (n=29) groups through available sampling. Inclusion criteria were Iranian native children aged 3-7 years with communication ability. The RGK was applied in eight sessions at least seven consecutive days of hospitalization. The collected data by using the demographic information form and the preschool anxiety scale (PAS) were analyzed in descriptive, chi-square, t-test, the one-way ANCOVA (analysis of covariance), and multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). Results: Two groups were homogenous in terms of demographic variables (p>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the mean score of PAS before the intervention in the intervention 46.33±15.81 and control groups 37.24±19.65 (p=0.055). However, the mean score of PAS in the intervention group was significantly lower than the control group (P=0.030). Also, using the RGK was effective in two subscales related to separation anxiety and physical injury fears (P=0.034). Conclusion: The modern RGKs could have a significant place in pediatric health care in hospitals. It is thus an undeniable fact that high-quality, comprehensive care can be boosted through RGK based interventions for children encountering stressful situations.

scholarly journals The effect of the emotion regulation training on the resilience of caregivers of patients with schizophrenia: a parallel randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Behrouian ◽  
Tahereh Ramezani ◽  
Mahlagha Dehghan ◽  
Abdoreza Sabahi ◽  
Batool Ebrahimnejad Zarandi
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Psychological Traits ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background Schizophrenia is the most severe mental chronic disabling disease that the majority of the patients need constant care in a variety of aspects. Regarding the role of family caregivers in taking care of these patients, caregivers need to be resilient, in addition to other psychological traits, to adapt to the circumstance. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the emotion regulation training on the resilience of caregivers of patients with schizophrenia in southeastern Iran. Methods The study was a parallel randomized controlled trial. Seventy caregivers of patients with schizophrenia were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to an emotion regulation training group and a control group. The intervention group received eight 90-min training sessions (one session weekly) about emotion regulation. The participants completed the Conner–Davidson resilience scale before and one month after the intervention. Results The mean scores of the resilience increased in the control and intervention groups at the end of the study. A significant difference was found between the two groups (p < 0.001). At the beginning of the study, the mean score of the resilience was 59.94 in the control group and 51.97 in the intervention group. However, the mean score of the resilience in the control group was 61.28 after the intervention, which was not significant, but it was 69.08 in the intervention group, which was significant. A significant difference was observed between two groups in the mean scores (p = 0.01). Conclusions According to the results of this study, cognitive and metacognitive skills of emotion regulation can be suggested as one of the methods for increasing the psychological well-being of schizophrenia patients’ caregivers. The increase of mental well-being and resilience of caregivers can help them better manage a patient with schizophrenia. Trial registration IRCT registration number: IRCT2017061733997N2, Registration date: 2017-08-16, 1396/05/25, Registration timing: prospective, https://en.irct.ir/trial/26116

scholarly journals Do the patient education program and nurse-led telephone follow-up improve treatment adherence in hemodialysis patients? A randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansour Arad ◽  
Rasoul Goli ◽  
Naser Parizad ◽  
Davoud Vahabzadeh ◽  
Rahim Baghaei
Keyword(s):  
Patient Education ◽  
Education Program ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Patient Education Program ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) is the final and permanent stage of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). Hemodialysis (HD) is the most common treatment for CKD. To have desirable therapeutic outcomes, patients have to adhere to a specific therapeutic regimen that reduces the hospitalization rate and side-effects of HD. The present study aimed to determine the effects of the patient education program and nurse-led telephone follow-up on adherence to the treatment in hemodialysis patients. Methods This is a randomized controlled trial in which a total of 66 patients were recruited using convenience sampling and then randomly assigned to two groups of control (n = 33) and intervention (n = 33). Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, the laboratory results record sheet, and the End-Stage Renal Disease Adherence Questionnaire (ESRD-AQ), which included four dimensions of HD attendance, medication use, fluid restrictions, and diet recommendations. The intervention group received a patient education program and nurse-led follow-up services through telephone communication and the Short Message Service (SMS) for 3 months. All participants filled in the questionnaire before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 25 (IBM Corp., Armonk, N.Y., USA). Results The results showed a significant difference in the mean scores of HD attendance, medication use, fluid restrictions, and diet recommendations between the two groups immediately, 1 month, and 3 months after the intervention (p < .001). The results also indicated a significant difference in the mean scores of four dimensions during the four-time points of measurement in the intervention group (P < 0.0005). Therefore, the level of treatment adherence in the intervention group was higher than in the control group. Moreover, there was a significant difference in the mean score of laboratory values between the two groups after the intervention, except for the level of serum sodium (P = 0.130). Conclusion Implementation of the patient education program and nurse-led follow-up can lead to better adherence to hemodialysis in four dimensions of HD attendance, medication use, fluid restrictions, and dietary recommendations in HD patients. Trial registration IRCT registration number: IRCT20190127042512N1; Registration date: 2020-09-12; Registration timing: retrospectively registered: Last update: 2020-09-12.

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