scholarly journals The effect of oxidant-antioxidant balance on the one-year prognosis of patients with acute ischemic stroke: a case-control study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheida Shaafi ◽  
Fina Hadisi ◽  
Mahsa Mahmoudinezhad ◽  
Hamidreza Razmi ◽  
Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Stroke Severity ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Stroke is a major cause of mortality and morbidity. Also, free radicals and oxidative stress are deleterious factor in the stroke progression. We aimed to evaluate the association between oxidative stress markers and odds of having risk factor for stroke or developing stroke. Methods The present case control study conducted on 556 participants in Imam-Reza hospital, Tabriz, Iran. Subjects were divided into three group, including individuals with acute ischemic stroke, at risk of stroke, and healthy controls. All enrolled participants except for controls underwent neurological examinations and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Stroke-related disability and stroke severity were evaluated by modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), respectively. Serum malondialdehyde (MDA) level and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were measured within 48 hours of stroke. One-way ANOVA and Chi-square tests for comparing characteristics between groups, multivariable logistic regression for odds of stroke based on MDA and TAC quartiles, and Spearman’s correlation were used. Results Serum MDA was significantly higher in stroke group than controls in addition to systolic and diastolic blood pressure, cholesterol, and triglyceride. Higher levels of MDA increased odds of stroke development (P < 0.001), however TAC and MDA were not associated with having risk factors for stroke (P = 1.00 and 0.27, respectively). Also, TAC level was negatively associated with baseline (ρ=-0.28; P = 0.04) and follow-up (ρ=-0.31; P = 0.03) NIHSS scores. Moreover, MDA was correlated with mRS score at follow-up (ρ=-0.26; P = 0.04). Conclusions The balance between antioxidants and oxidants markers might reveal a new approach in this context. Despite recent efforts to identify the source of oxidative stress as well as cessation of the production of oxygen radicals in stroke, further studies are warranted.

scholarly journals The significance of the oxidative stress markers in the one-year prognosis of patients with acute ischemic stroke: a case-control study

BMC Neurology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheida Shaafi ◽  
Fina Hadisi ◽  
Mahsa Mahmoudinezhad ◽  
Hamidreza Razmi ◽  
Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Stroke Severity ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Stroke is a major cause of mortality and morbidity. Also, free radicals and oxidative stress are deleterious factor in the stroke progression. We aimed to evaluate the association between oxidative stress markers and odds of having risk factor for stroke or developing stroke. Methods The present case-control study was conducted on 556 participants in Imam-Reza hospital, Tabriz, Iran. Subjects were divided into three group, including individuals with acute ischemic stroke, those who were at risk of stroke, and healthy controls. All enrolled participants except for controls underwent neurological examinations and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Stroke-related disability and stroke severity were evaluated by modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), respectively. Serum malondialdehyde (MDA) level and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were measured within 48 h of the initiation of stroke. One-way ANOVA and Chi-square tests were used for comparing characteristics between groups. Multivariable logistic regression was implemented for odds of stroke based on MDA and TAC quartiles. Also, Spearman’s correlation was utilized. Results Serum MDA, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, cholesterol, and triglyceride were significantly higher in the stroke group than controls. High levels of MDA were associated with increased development of stroke (P-value < 0.001), however TAC and MDA were not associated with having risk factors for stroke (P-value = 1.00 and 0.27, respectively). Also, TAC level was negatively associated with baseline (ρ = − 0.28; P-value = 0.04) and follow-up (ρ = − 0.31; P-value = 0.03) NIHSS scores. Moreover, MDA was correlated with mRS score at follow-up (ρ = − 0.26; P-value = 0.04). Conclusions The balance between antioxidants and oxidants markers might reveal a new approach in this context. Further studies are warranted to identify the source of oxidative stress as well as cessation of the production of oxygen radicals in stroke.

scholarly journals Association of MMP-9, ADMA, and sCD40L with ischemic stroke and correlations with stroke severity: A case-control study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Li ◽  
Hongmei Wang ◽  
Yanjun Gao
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Stroke Severity ◽  
Elisa Kit ◽  
Stroke Group ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background In the present study, we aimed to examine the correlation of serum levels of MMP-9, ADMA, and sCD40L with the occurrence and severity of acute ischemic stroke. Methods All routines analyses were performed using a Cobas platform. MMP-9, ADMA, and sCD40L were measured using ELISA kit. Results Compared with the controls, the stroke group showed higher MMP-9,higher sCD40L and higher ADMA. There were significant positive correlations between the NIHSS scores and MMP-9, sCD40L and ADMA. Conclusions Our study indicated that serum levels of MMP-9, sCD40L, and ADMA are associated with ischemic stroke and are correlated with the NIHSS scores at admission.

Abstract NS2: Effect of Volume-Viscosity Swallow Test (V-VST) in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients With Dysphagia: A Hospital-Based Case-Control Study

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Ye ◽  
Yi Dong ◽  
Shengyan Huang
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Tube Feeding ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Volume Viscosity ◽  
Control Study

Background: The dysphagia screening in acute ischemic stroke plays an important role in patients with risk of dysphagia. The aim of this hospital-based case-control study is to explore if V-VST, as a new nurse-driven dysphagia screening tool for AIS patients, might help to reduce the rate of post-stroke pneumonia and early withdraw of feeding tube. Methods: 1598 acute ischemic stroke patients were enrolled in this study. The standard protocol in AIS patients were assessed by WST (before intervention and plus with V-VST after intervention). The V-VST assessment were be trained in two senior nurses and all AIS patients were assessed by V-VST during July 1and Dec 30 th , 2017. Among 299 AIS patients with suspected, all clinical data were analyzed. The comparison of their rate of pneumonia in hospital and withdraw rate of tubefeeding before discharge were performed between patients post-intervention (January 1, 2018-June 30, 2019)and those admitted before the intervention (January 1, 2016-June 30, 2017). Results: The baseline characteristics of the pre- and post- intervention AIS groups were similar in age, gender, NIHSS. The implementation of V-VST have a statistically significant reducing the risk of pneumonia with an adjusted HR (0.60, 95% CI 0.43-0.84, P=0.003). Additionally, follow-up V-VST were likely to be associated the withdraw rate of tube-feeding at discharge (29/168 vs 38/131 P=0.016).There is also a trend of length of tube-feeding decreasing (8.32±12.27 vs 6.84±8.61 P=0.241). Conclusion: In our study, the V-VST is a feasible bedside tool. The implemental might be associated with the reduction of post-stroke pneumonia. Therefore, it meets the requirements of a clinical screening test for dysphagia in acute stroke patients at bedside. Large prospective interventional study is needed to confirm our findings. V-VST: Volume-viscosity Swallow Test WST: Water Swallow Test AIS: Acute Ischemic Stroke HR: hazard ratio

scholarly journals Free protein S deficiency in acute ischemic stroke. A case-control study.

Stroke ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
S A Mayer ◽  
R L Sacco ◽  
A Hurlet-Jensen ◽  
T Shi ◽  
J P Mohr
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Protein S ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Protein S Deficiency ◽  
Free Protein ◽  
S Deficiency ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals A Case-Control Study of Tissue Plasminogen Activator for Acute Ischemic Stroke

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 411-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
J M Reid ◽  
S J Phillips ◽  
G J Gubitz ◽  
J Jarrett ◽  
C Christian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Randomized Trials ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Tissue Plasminogen ◽  
Control Study

Background:Randomized trials demonstrate that intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) improves outcome in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). To assess translation of this efficacy into effectiveness in routine clinical practice we performed a case-control study of tPA treatment for AIS in a single hospital.Methods:151 tPA-treated AIS patients (1996-2005) were matched 1:1 with blinding to outcome to controls from a prospective registry based on age, gender, pre-stroke Oxford handicap scale (OHS), stroke severity, and subtype. The outcomes were in-hospital death, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (SICH), length-of-stay (LOS), discharge OHS and long-term survival.Results:In-hospital mortality (23% vs. 24%) or long-term survival (median follow-up of 2 years) was not different between cases and controls (p=0.83). SICH occurred in 7.8% (95% CI 4.2-13.5%) of tPA-treated patients. Median LOS was non-significantly shorter for cases (13 [7-29] vs. 16 [8-32] days, p=0.14) but significantly shorter in tPA-treated vs. non-treated women (14 [7-28] vs. 20 [11-34] days, p=0.04). At discharge 6.6% (95% CI 1.1-12.0%) more tPA-treated patients than controls had no disability (OHS ≤1, p=0.02). However, there was no difference in discharge independence rates or proportion discharged home.Conclusion:We demonstrate minor improvements in early recovery after stroke with tPA but the impact is less dramatic than that reported in randomized trials. This may relate to timing of treatment and the type of patients treated.

High Risk Features Contributing to 30-Day Readmission After Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Single Center Retrospective Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 194187442110277
Author(s):  
Emma M. Loebel ◽  
Mary Rojas ◽  
Danielle Wheelwright ◽  
Connor Mensching ◽  
Laura K. Stein
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Medical Comorbidities ◽  
Care Plans ◽  
History Of ◽  
Prior Stroke ◽  
Control Study

Background and Purpose: Risk of 30-day stroke readmission has been attributed to medical comorbidities, stroke severity, and hospitalization metrics. The leading etiologies appear to vary across institutions and remain a moving target. We hypothesized that patients with increased medical complexity have higher odds of 30-day readmission and the immediate time after discharge may be most vulnerable. We aimed to characterize patients with 30-day readmission after acute ischemic stroke (IS) and identify predictors of post-IS readmission. Methods: We performed a retrospective case-control study analyzing post-IS 30-day readmission between January 2016-December 2019 using data from Mount Sinai Hospital’s Get With The Guidelines database. We performed chi square analyses and multivariate adjusted logistic regression model including age, sex, coronary artery disease (CAD), renal insufficiency (RI), history of prior stroke or TIA, length of stay (LOS) > 7, and NIHSS ≥ 5. Results: 6.7% (n = 115) of 1,706 IS encounters had 30-day readmission. The 115 cases were compared to 1,591 controls without 30-day readmission. In our adjusted model, CAD (OR = 1.7, p = 0.01), history of prior stroke or TIA (OR = 1.6, p = 0.01), LOS >7 (OR = 1.7, p = 0.02), and NIHSS ≥ 5 (OR = 4.5, p < 0.001) predicted 30-day readmission. 65% (n = 75) of readmitted patients had readmission within 14 days post-discharge. Conclusions: Patients with post-IS 30-day readmission were more likely to have complex medical comorbidities and history of stroke or TIA compared to controls. Patients with more severe stroke and longer LOS may benefit from individualized transition of care plans and closer follow up during the vulnerable 30-day post-stroke period.

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