scholarly journals The Effects of Insulin Therapy on Mothers’ Blood Pressure and Weight in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiange Sun ◽  
Fanhua Meng ◽  
Shufei Zang ◽  
Yue Li ◽  
Rui Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Therapy ◽  
Gestational Hypertension ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Gestational Weight

Abstract BackgroundThe primary mechanism of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) was insulin resistance. Effects of insulin as the first - line medicine for GDM women was blurring. This work aims to investigate influences of insulin therapy on GDM mothers. MethodsThis retrospective cohort study recruited 616 GDM women with lifestyle intervention (diet and physician alone) and 92 GDM women with insulin therapy. Comparing the differences of variables (BMI, blood pressure, gestational weight gain, the incidence of macrosomia and so on) between GDM women with insulin and with lifestyle alone with univariate analysis. Employed paired sample test to evaluate the changes of BP from the time of intervention to one week before delivery, and used logistic regression to analyze the relationship between insulin therapy and gestational hypertension (GH).ResultsThere were no significant differences in delivery mode, newborn weight and the incidence of macrosomia between GDM women with insulin and with lifestyle alone. Insulin therapy slightly increased mothers’ weight despite there were no significant statistically differences in the rate of excessive weight gain comparing to the intervention of lifestyle alone which was attributed to short - term administration (about 12 weeks). In addition, the injection of insulin remarkably enhanced the incidence of gestational hypertension (GH). furthermore, the effect still existed after matching the time of insulin therapy, and from starting insulin usage to delivery systolic blood pressure significantly elevated 6mmHg (vs 4mmHg lifestyle alone, P = 0.529) and diastolic blood pressure 9mmHg (vs 5mmHg lifestyle alone, P = 0.032). Correlation analysis implied blood pressure near the delivery had significant positive correlation with BMI, 1 hour blood glucose, HbA1c, area under the blood glucose curve and gestational weight gain. Logistic regression analysis with enter selection confirmed that insulin therapy was an independent risk factor for the development of GH.ConclusionsThis work suggested that insulin therapy for short - term usage might slightly increase mothers’ weight, but had the marked risk of raising mothers’ BP, especially DBP.

445: The relationship between gestational weight gain and gestational diabetes mellitus

2015 ◽  
Vol 212 (1) ◽  
pp. S229
Author(s):  
Amy O'Higgins ◽  
Lisa O'Higgins ◽  
Anne Fennessy ◽  
Thomas McCartan ◽  
Laura Mullaney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals The impact of restricted gestational weight gain by dietary intervention on fetal growth in women with gestational diabetes mellitus

Diabetologia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (12) ◽  
pp. 2528-2538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lise L. Kurtzhals ◽  
Sidse K. Nørgaard ◽  
Anna L. Secher ◽  
Vibeke L. Nichum ◽  
Helle Ronneby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
The Impact

Association of Maternal Serum Zinc, Copper and Magnesium Levels, Pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index and Gestational Weight Gain Patterns With the Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Among Third-trimester Pregnant Women: a Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoomeh Gholizadeh ◽  
Tohid Rouzitalab ◽  
Saeid Ghavamzadeh ◽  
Elnaz Daneshzad
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gestational Weight

Abstract Background: This study sought to evaluate the association between selected micronutrients (zinc, copper, and magnesium), pre-pregnancy BMI, and weight gain during pregnancy with the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus third-trimester pregnant women Urmia, Iran. Methods: This analytic cross-sectional study included 400 pregnant women. The nutritional, demographic, clinical data, and fasting blood samples (selected micronutrients and blood glucose) were evaluated. The data were analyzed using chi-square, independent t-test, and logistic regression tests. Results: The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) was 18%. The OR for GDM was (OR: 0.329; 95% CI: 0.156-0.696) in normal-weight compared to mothers who were obese before pregnancy. Normal serum zinc concentration was associated with 0.413-fold lower rates of developing GDM (95% CI: 0.227-0.750). Magnesium supplementation was inversely associated with the risk of GDM (OR: 0.986; 95% CI: 0.979-0.994). Inadequate and excessive gestational weight gain was significantly associated with developing GDM in lean and obese women before pregnancy, respectively (p=0.01, p=0.003). Conclusions: Gestational diabetes is highly prevalent in Urmia, and it is likely related to excessive serum zinc concentrations, elevated pre-pregnancy BMI, and gestational weight gain.

scholarly journals Fetal and Placental Weight in Pre-Gestational Maternal Obesity (PGMO) vs. Excessive Gestational Weight Gain (EGWG)—A Preliminary Approach to the Perinatal Outcomes in Diet-Controlled Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 3530
Author(s):  
Mariusz Gujski ◽  
Dariusz Szukiewicz ◽  
Marta Chołuj ◽  
Włodzimierz Sawicki ◽  
Iwona Bojar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Placental Weight ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Excessive Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
The Mean

Both pre-gestational maternal obesity (PGMO) and excessive gestational weight gain (EGWG) increase the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Here, we conducted a retrospective study to comparatively examine the relation between fetal birth weight (FW) and placental weight (PW) in PGMO (n = 100) compared to EGWG (n = 100) with respect to perinatal outcomes in diet-controlled GDM. The control group was made up of 100 healthy pregnancies. The mean FW and the mean PW in EGWG were correlated with lowered fetal weight/placental weight ratio (FW/PW ratio). The percentage of births completed by cesarean section accounted for 47%, 32%, and 18% of all deliveries (EGWG, PGMO, and controls, respectively), with the predominance of FW-related indications for cesarean section. Extended postpartum hospital stays due to neonate were more frequent in EGWG, especially due to neonatal jaundice (p < 0.05). The results indicate the higher perinatal risk in mothers with EGWG compared to PGMO during GDM-complicated pregnancy. Further in-depth comparative studies involving larger patient pools are needed to validate these findings, the intent of which is to formulate guidelines for GDM patients in respect to management of PGMO and EGWG.

scholarly journals High physical activity and high sedentary behavior increased the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus among women with excessive gestational weight gain: a prospective study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heng Yaw Yong ◽  
Zalilah Mohd Shariff ◽  
Barakatun Nisak Mohd Yusof ◽  
Zulida Rejali ◽  
Jacques Bindels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Logistic Models ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Excessive Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Group 2

Abstract Background Although physical activity (PA) in pregnancy benefits most women, not much is known about pregnancy-related changes in PA and its association with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risk. The aim of this study was to identify the trajectory of PA during pregnancy and possible associations with the risk of GDM. Methods This was a prospective cohort study of 452 pregnant women recruited from 3 health clinics in a southern state of Peninsular Malaysia. PA levels at the first, second, and third trimester were assessed using the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire. GDM was diagnosed at 24–28 weeks of gestation following the Ministry of Health Malaysia criteria. Group-based trajectory modeling was used to identify PA trajectories. Three multivariate logistic models were used to estimate the odds of trajectory group membership and GDM. Results Two distinct PA trajectories were identified: low PA levels in all intensity of PA and sedentary behavior (Group 1: 61.1%, n = 276) and high PA levels in all intensity of PA as well as sedentary behavior (Group 2: 38.9%, n = 176). Moderate and high intensity PA decreased over the course of pregnancy in both groups. Women in group 2 had significantly higher risk of GDM in two of the estimated logistic models. In all models, significant associations between PA trajectories and GDM were only observed among women with excessive gestational weight gain in the second trimester. Conclusions Women with high sedentary behavior were significantly at higher risk of GDM despite high PA levels by intensity and this association was significant only among women with excessive GWG in the second trimester. Participation in high sedentary behavior may outweigh the benefit of engaging in high PA to mitigate the risk of GDM.

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