scholarly journals Factors Associated with Commercial or Non-Commercial Contact in Non-Marital Heterosexual Transmission from Chinese HIV/AIDS Case Reporting System in 2018: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhilong Dong ◽  
Liying Ma ◽  
Chang Cai ◽  
Lokachet Tanasugan ◽  
George Fu Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Reporting System ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Heterosexual Transmission ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Heterosexual Contact ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
One Year ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract Background: In recent years, HIV transmission through heterosexual contact has been on the rise, accounting for more than 69% in 2017{Cui, 2020 #27}. Therefore, an in-depth understanding of the characteristics of heterosexual transmission will greatly improve our effectiveness in preventing AIDS.Methods: All identified People Living With HIV/AIDS (PLWHAs) reported as transmitted through heterosexual transmission in the Chinese HIV/AIDS Case Reporting System (CRS) in 2018 were included in this study. A multivariate logistic regression model was applied to evaluate the relationship between socio-demographic characteristics and the overall risk of being transmitted through commercial heterosexual contact (CHC) or non-marital non-commercial heterosexual contact (NMNCHC).Results: A total of 92026 cases of non-marital heterosexual transmission with no missing data were included in the analysis. There were 40244 (43.73%) cases infected through CHC and 51782 (56.27%) infected through NMNCHC. One year increase in age was associated with 0.98 times the odds of being reported as infected through NMNCHC (aOR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.9783-0.9806, p < 0.0001), significantly higher odds of infection through NMNCHC was observed with females (aOR = 8.39, 95% CI = 8.03-8.77, p < 0.0001), non-farmers (OR =1.22, 95% CI = 1.18-1.26, p < 0.0001), minorities (aOR = 1.94, 95% CI = 1.86-2.02, p < 0.0001), those with education level of college and above (aOR = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.38-1.61, p < 0.0001), and migrants in the different city of the same province (aOR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.21-1.34, p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Among heterosexual transmission, Younger people, ethnic minorities, migrants within province, as well as those with comparatively higher socioeconomic status were more likely to be transmitted through non-marital non-commercial heterosexual contact (NMNCHC). More interfere measures and targeted strategies should be made for the HIV transmission through this route.

scholarly journals Demographic Features of Identified PLWHA Infected through Commercial and Nonmarital Noncommercial Heterosexual Contact in China from 2015 – 2018: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhilong Dong ◽  
Liying Ma ◽  
Chang Cai ◽  
George Fu Gao ◽  
Fan Lyu
Keyword(s):  
Marital Status ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Heterosexual Transmission ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Heterosexual Contact ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract Background:Understanding the demographic characteristics of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) infected through commercial heterosexual contact (CHC) or nonmarital noncommercial heterosexual contact (NMNCHC) is important for HIV/AIDS prevention and control.Methods:Cases reported through the Chinese HIV/AIDS Case Reporting System (CRS) from 2015 to 2018 were analyzed. A descriptive and preliminary inferential analysis were performed for those demographic characteristics deemed of interest.Results:Overall, 523,121 identified PLWHA between 2015 and 2018 in the CRS were analyzed. The constituent ratio of heterosexual transmission increased from 66.25% in 2015 to 71.48% in 2018. The proportion of CHC heterosexual transmission decreased from 40.18% in 2015 to 37.99% in 2018, while that of NMNCHC increased from 46.33% in 2015 to 49.02% in 2018. PLWHA infected through NMNCHC were significantly younger than those who were infected through CHC (Student’s t test, P<0.0001), with an average age gap ranging from 5.63 (2015) to 7.46 (2018) years, and the average age of both groups increased annually. The frequency of newly identified PLWHA who were infected through CHC had a remarkable increase among the ages of 65 and above. Gender distribution was significantly different between CHC and NMNCHC (χ2 = 8909.00(2015), 9941.90(2016), 11004.00 (2017), 12836.00(2018), all P < 0.0001), and the ratio of men to women in the NMCHC group was 1.50:1 (2015), 1.51:1 (2016), 1.54:1 (2017), and 1.52:1 (2018), while in the commercial heterosexual contact (CHC) group, these ratios were 11.45:1 (2015), 12.08:1 (2016), 12.53:1 (2017), and 13.28:1 (2018). Marital status was significantly different between CHC and NMNCHC (χ2 = 94.67 (2015), 109.88(2016), 58.18(2017), 152.38(2018), all P < 0.0001). As the educational level improved, the proportion of NMNCHC also increased (Cochran - Armitage test, P<0.0001).Conclusions:We found that heterosexual transmission was the primary mode of HIV transmission in China from 2015 to 2018. PLWHA infected through CHC and NMNCHC had different characteristics in age, gender, marital status, and educational level. The frequency of PLWHA infected through CHC increased substantially in the age group of 65 and above. This study provides useful baseline data for future studies on the heterosexual transmission of HIV in China.

scholarly journals Demographic features of identified PLWHA infected through commercial and nonmarital noncommercial heterosexual contact in China from 2015 to 2018: a retrospective cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhilong Dong ◽  
Liying Ma ◽  
Chang Cai ◽  
George Fu Gao ◽  
Fan Lyu
Keyword(s):  
Marital Status ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Heterosexual Transmission ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Heterosexual Contact ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract Background Understanding the demographic characteristics of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) infected through commercial heterosexual contact (CHC) or nonmarital noncommercial heterosexual contact (NMNCHC) is important for HIV/AIDS prevention and control. Methods Cases reported through the Chinese HIV/AIDS Case Reporting System (CRS) from 2015 to 2018 were analyzed. A descriptive and preliminary inferential analysis were performed for those demographic characteristics deemed of interest. Results Overall, 523,121 identified PLWHA between 2015 and 2018 in the CRS were analyzed. The constituent ratio of heterosexual transmission increased from 66.25% in 2015 to 71.48% in 2018. The proportion of CHC heterosexual transmission decreased from 40.18% in 2015 to 37.99% in 2018, while that of NMNCHC increased from 46.33% in 2015 to 49.02% in 2018. PLWHA infected through NMNCHC were significantly younger than those who were infected through CHC (Student’s t test, P < 0.0001), with an average age gap ranging from 5.63 (2015) to 7.46 (2018) years, and the average age of both groups increased annually. The frequency of newly identified PLWHA who were infected through CHC had a remarkable increase among the ages of 65 and above. Gender distribution was significantly different between CHC and NMNCHC (χ2 = 8909.00(2015), 9941.90(2016), 11,004.00 (2017), 12,836.00(2018), all P < 0.0001), and the ratio of men to women in the NMCHC group was 1.50:1 (2015), 1.51:1 (2016), 1.54:1 (2017), and 1.52:1 (2018), while in the commercial heterosexual contact (CHC) group, these ratios were 11.45:1 (2015), 12.08:1 (2016), 12.53:1 (2017), and 13.28:1 (2018). Marital status was significantly different between CHC and NMNCHC (χ2 = 94.67 (2015), 109.88(2016), 58.18(2017), 152.38(2018), all P < 0.0001). As the educational level improved, the proportion of NMNCHC also increased (Cochran - Armitage test, P < 0.0001). Conclusions We found that heterosexual transmission was the primary mode of HIV transmission in China from 2015 to 2018. PLWHA infected through CHC and NMNCHC had different characteristics in age, gender, marital status, and educational level. The frequency of PLWHA infected through CHC increased substantially in the age group of 65 and above. This study provides useful baseline data for future studies on the heterosexual transmission of HIV in China.

scholarly journals Demographic Features of Identified PLWHA Infected through Commercial and Nonmarital Noncommercial Heterosexual Contact in China from 2015–2018: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhilong Dong ◽  
Liying Ma ◽  
Chang Cai ◽  
George Fu Gao ◽  
Fan Lyu
Keyword(s):  
Marital Status ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Heterosexual Transmission ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Heterosexual Contact ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract Background:Understanding the demographic characteristics of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) infected through commercial heterosexual contact (CHC) or nonmarital noncommercial heterosexual contact (NMNCHC) is important for HIV/AIDS prevention and control.Methods:Cases reported through the Chinese HIV/AIDS Case Reporting System (CRS) from 2015 to 2018 were analyzed. A descriptive and preliminary inferential analysis were performed for those demographic characteristics deemed of interest.Results:Overall, 523,121 identified PLWHA between 2015 and 2018 in the CRS were analyzed. The constituent ratio of heterosexual transmission increased from 66.25% in 2015 to 71.48% in 2018. The proportion of CHC heterosexual transmission decreased from 40.18% in 2015 to 37.99% in 2018, while that of NMNCHC increased from 46.33% in 2015 to 49.02% in 2018. Those who were infected through NMNCHC were significantly younger than people infected through CHC (Student’s t test, P<0.0001), with an average age gap ranging from 5.63 (2015) to 7.46 (2018) years. The frequency of newly identified PLWHA who were infected through CHC had a remarkable increase among the ages of 65 and above. During the study years, the average age of the two groups increased annually. Gender distribution was significantly different between CHC and NMNCHC (χ2 test, P<0.0001), and the ratio of men to women in the NMCHC group was 1.50:1 (2015), 1.51:1 (2016), 1.54:1 (2017), and 1.52:1 (2018), while in the commercial heterosexual contact (CHC) group, these ratios were 11.45:1 (2015), 12.08:1 (2016), 12.53:1 (2017), and 13.28:1 (2018). Marital status was significantly different between CHC and NMNCHC (χ2 test, P<0.0001), and the married proportion of NMNCHC increased from 49.1% (2015) to 51.02% (2018). As the educational level improved, the proportion of NMNCHC also increased (Cochran - Armitage test, P<0.0001).Conclusions:We found that heterosexual transmission was the primary mode of HIV transmission in China from 2015 to 2018. PLWHA infected through CHC and NMNCHC had different characteristics in age, gender, marital status, and educational level. The frequency of PLWHA infected through CHC increased substantially in the age group of 65 and above. This study provides useful baseline data for future studies on the heterosexual transmission of HIV in China.

scholarly journals Demographic Features of Identified PLWHA Infected through Commercial and Nonmarital Noncommercial Heterosexual Contact in China from 2015 – 2018: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhilong Dong ◽  
Liying Ma ◽  
Chang Cai ◽  
George Fu Gao ◽  
Fan Lyu
Keyword(s):  
Marital Status ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Heterosexual Transmission ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Heterosexual Contact ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract Background:Understanding the demographic characteristics of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) infected through commercial heterosexual contact (CHC) or nonmarital noncommercial heterosexual contact (NMNCHC) is important for HIV/AIDS prevention and control.Methods:Cases reported through the Chinese HIV/AIDS Case Reporting System (CRS) from 2015 to 2018 were analyzed. A descriptive and preliminary inferential analysis were performed for those demographic characteristics deemed of interest.Results:Overall, 523,121 identified PLWHA between 2015 and 2018 in the CRS were analyzed. The constituent ratio of heterosexual transmission increased from 66.25% in 2015 to 71.48% in 2018. The proportion of CHC heterosexual transmission decreased from 40.18% in 2015 to 37.99% in 2018, while that of NMNCHC increased from 46.33% in 2015 to 49.02% in 2018. PLWHA infected through NMNCHC were significantly younger than those who were infected through CHC (Student’s t test, P<0.0001), with an average age gap ranging from 5.63 (2015) to 7.46 (2018) years, and the average age of both groups increased annually. The frequency of newly identified PLWHA who were infected through CHC had a remarkable increase among the ages of 65 and above. Gender distribution was significantly different between CHC and NMNCHC (χ2 = 8909.00(2015), 9941.90(2016), 11004.00 (2017), 12836.00(2018), all P < 0.0001), and the ratio of men to women in the NMCHC group was 1.50:1 (2015), 1.51:1 (2016), 1.54:1 (2017), and 1.52:1 (2018), while in the commercial heterosexual contact (CHC) group, these ratios were 11.45:1 (2015), 12.08:1 (2016), 12.53:1 (2017), and 13.28:1 (2018). Marital status was significantly different between CHC and NMNCHC (χ2 = 94.67 (2015), 109.88(2016), 58.18(2017), 152.38(2018), all P < 0.0001). As the educational level improved, the proportion of NMNCHC also increased (Cochran - Armitage test, P<0.0001).Conclusions:We found that heterosexual transmission was the primary mode of HIV transmission in China from 2015 to 2018. PLWHA infected through CHC and NMNCHC had different characteristics in age, gender, marital status, and educational level. The frequency of PLWHA infected through CHC increased substantially in the age group of 65 and above. This study provides useful baseline data for future studies on the heterosexual transmission of HIV in China.

scholarly journals Comparison of Demographic Features of Identified PLWHAs Transmitted through Commercial and Non-marital Non-Commercial Heterosexual Contact in China from 2015–2018: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhilong Dong ◽  
Liying Ma ◽  
Chang Cai ◽  
George Fu Gao ◽  
Fan Lv
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Heterosexual Transmission ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Age Difference ◽  
Heterosexual Contact ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Gap ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract Background ： To understand the characteristics of people living with HIV/AIDS(PLWHAs) infected through commercial heterosexual contact (CHC) and non-marital non-commercial heterosexual contact (NMNCHC) is important for the AIDS prevention work in China. Methods: All cases reported through the Chinese HIV/AIDS Case Reporting System (CRS) from 2015 to 2018 were included in this study. A descriptive analysis of the socio-demographic characteristics of interest was made. Chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests, Cochran–Armitage test, and Student t-test were applied in data analysis. Results ： Totally 523, 121 identified PLWHAs were included in this study. From 2015 to 2018. In heterosexual transmission, the composition of commercial heterosexual contact (CHC) decreased from 40.18% to 37.99%, while that of non-marital non-commercial heterosexual contact (NMNCHC) increased from 46.33% to 49.02%. In the non-marital non-commercial heterosexual contact (NMNCHC) group, the rates of male versus female were 1.50:1, 1.51:1, 1.54:1, 1.52:1, while in the commercial heterosexual contact (CHC) group, this rate were 11.45:1, 12.08:1,12.53:1, 13.28:1. Those who infected through non-marital non-commercial heterosexual contact(NMNCHC) were significantly younger compared with the people infected through commercial heterosexual contact (CHC) (P<0.01 ), with an average age gap ranged from 5.63 to 7.46. This age difference was greater in males (age gap: 5.46~7.82) than in females (age gap: 0.27~1.62). Conclusions ： Non-marital non-commercial heterosexual contact (NMNCHC) plays an increasingly crucial role in heterosexual transmission. Cases infected through commercial heterosexual contact (CHC) and non-marital non-commercial heterosexual contact (NMNCHC) varied significantly in gender, age and other social demographic characteristics.

scholarly journals Barriers to Acceptance of Provider-Initiated Testing and Counseling among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Shenyang, China: A Cross-Sectional Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinghai Hu ◽  
Junjie Xu ◽  
Zhenxing Chu ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Ke Yun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Aids Knowledge ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Testing And Counseling ◽  
Hiv Aids

A high prevalence of HIV infection is present among men who have sex with men (MSM) in China, but many people living with HIV or AIDS (PLWHs) are unaware of their HIV infection status. Provider-initiated HIV testing and counseling (PITC) is a streamlined model that can significantly enhance HIV detection and detect infections earlier. However, PITC has not yet been widely applied, and no studies have been conducted on MSM’s attitudes towards PITC in China. In this study, a total of 438 MSM were recruited in Shenyang city. A multivariate logistic regression model showed that certain conditions made MSM more accepting of PITC: those who had attended VCT (voluntary counseling and testing) more than three times (odds ratio [OR]: 2.95, 95% CI: 1.36–6.37), those who considered PITC beneficial for family and friends (OR: 1.91, 95% CI: 1.25–2.92), those who obtained HIV/AIDS knowledge from brochures (OR: 2.52, 95% CI: 1.64–3.87), those who obtained HIV/AIDS knowledge from the Internet (OR: 1.66, 95% CI: 1.07–2.58), and those who were highly aware of their own risk of being infected with HIV (OR: 2.84, 95% CI: 1.37–5.91). To improve acceptance of PITC among MSM in China, stronger efforts are needed to lower the psychosocial barriers to receiving PITC, to promote HIV/AIDS awareness, and to encourage the extension of HIV testing.

scholarly journals Predictors of HIV/AIDS comprehensive knowledge and acceptance attitude towards people living with HIV/AIDS among unmarried young females in Uganda: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tesfaldet Mekonnen Estifanos ◽  
Chen Hui ◽  
Afewerki Weldezgi Tesfai ◽  
Mekonnen Estifanos Teklu ◽  
Matiwos Araya Ghebrehiwet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Comprehensive Knowledge ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract Background Youth in general and young females, in particular, remain at the center of HIV/AIDS epidemic. To avoid and prevent HIV infection, comprehensive knowledge as well as correct understanding of transmission and prevention strategies are crucial. Thus, the aim of this study is to explore the predictors of comprehensive knowledge on HIV/AIDS and accepting attitude towards PLWHIV. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the 2016 Uganda Demographic Health Survey. A two-stage probability sampling method was applied and data were collected using a standard questionnaire. Of the total 8674 women aged 15–49 years, 1971 eligible women aged 15–24 years were included in this analysis. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 23. A Chi-square test followed by logistic regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between specific explanatory variables and outcome variables. The results were reported using odds ratios with 95% confidence interval. P value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results Overall, 99.3% of the unmarried women aged 15–24 years were aware of HIV/AIDS, but only 51.9% had comprehensive knowledge on HIV/AIDS. Around 70% of the respondents were aware that "using condoms every time when having sex" and "having only one faithful uninfected partner" can prevent HIV transmission. About 68% of the unmarried women rejected at least two common local misconceptions about HIV/AIDS. An alarmingly small (20.6%) proportion of the respondents had a positive acceptance attitude towards PLWHIV. All variables were significantly associated with having comprehensive knowledge on HIV/AIDS in the unadjusted logistic regression analysis. After adjustment, older age (20–24 years), being educated, wealthier, and ever been tested for HIV/AIDS became predictors of adequate comprehensive HIV/AIDS knowledge. Moreover, respondents with adequate comprehensive knowledge of HIV/AIDS were more likely (OR 1.64, 95% CI 1.30–2.08) to have a positive acceptance attitude towards PLWHIV than their counterparts. Conclusion Our study demonstrated a remarkably high level of awareness about HIV/AIDS among study participants, but the knowledge and positive acceptance attitude towards PLWHIV were not encouraging. Thus, endeavors to expand and strengthen educational campaigns on HIV/AIDS in communities, health facilities, and schools are highly recommended. Attention should particularly focus on young-aged and disadvantaged women with low educational level, poor socioeconomic status and those who have never been tested for HIV/AIDS.

scholarly journals Quality of life of elderly people living with HIV/AIDS in outpatient follow-up

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 513-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliano de Souza Caliari ◽  
Lilian Andreia Fleck Reinato ◽  
Daiana Patrícia Marchetti Pio ◽  
Letícia Pimenta Lopes ◽  
Renata Karina Reis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Treatment Interruption ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physical Changes ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze factors related to the quality of life of elderly people living with HIV/AIDS. Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out with people aged 50 years or more in a specialized outpatient clinic. The data collection was by means of an interview. For the analysis of data and characterization of the sample, descriptive statistics and comparison tests were used. The project met the ethical requirements. Results: Participants were 81 users aged 50 to 75 years, mean age was 57.8 (± 6.1) years, 71.6% of whom were men. There was a statistically significant relationship with the quality of life, the following variables: gender, children, occupation, religion, diagnosis time, HIV exposure, adverse effects, treatment interruption, viral load counts, hospitalization, dependence for daily activities and use of drugs. Conclusion: The results suggest that the quality of life deficit is related not only to physical changes, but to the anguish and stigma related to HIV/AIDS.

Transactional Sex Among Women Accessing Antiretroviral Care in Sagamu, Nigeria: A Descriptive Survey

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 225-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Jide Animasahun ◽  
Oluwafolahan O. Sholeye ◽  
Bankole K. Oyewole
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Transactional Sex ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Treatment Center ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Food Ration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Assistance Programs ◽  
Ogun State

HIV prevalence and transmission is still of public health concern in low-resource climes like Nigeria. Transactional sex is a well-known risk factor for HIV transmission. This study therefore assessed the prevalence of transactional sex and associated factors among women attending the antiretroviral clinic in Sagamu, Nigeria. A cross-sectional study was carried out among 204 women attending antiretroviral treatment center in Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria, selected via total population recruitment. Data were collected using a validated, semistructured questionnaire. Respondents’ written informed consent was obtained. The mean age of respondents was 38.3 ± 9.0 years. Two thirds (66%) were in monogamous marriages. About two thirds (64.2%) had at least secondary education. Almost 50% spent more than half of their income on food. About 90% had commenced antiretroviral therapy. The prevalence of transactional sex was 7.4%. Household size ( p = .031), marital status ( p = .015), reduction of food ration ( p = .010), skipping of medication ( p = .001), and starving for a whole day ( p = .044) were associated with transactional sex. Food assistance programs, socioeconomic empowerment schemes, and targeted counseling should be given to people living with HIV to halt HIV transmission.

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