scholarly journals A Qualitative Study on the Impact of COVID-19 on the Behavior and Attitudes of Smokers and Non-smokers in South Korea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jieun Hwang ◽  
Hae-ryong Chun ◽  
Eunsil Cheon
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Education Culture ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Exposure To Secondhand Smoke

Abstract BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has affected all aspects of human society, including education, culture, and economy, and has also brought changes in health behaviors such as drinking alcohol, nutrition intake, and practicing healthy living. This study conducted a qualitative research in the Korean context to examine the changes in the smoking behavior of smokers and secondhand smoke exposure of non-smokers during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods Focus group interviews were conducted with 36 Korean participants (18 men and 18 women): groups were composed of cigarette smokers, e-cigarette users, heated tobacco products users, or non-smokers. ResultsDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, regardless tobacco products, in the case of users who were not participating in engaging in social interaction, such as working from home or online classes, the frequency of using increased, and for users who continued engaging in social interactions, the amount of using increased each time they used. Smokers showed a tendency to avoid smoking rooms and to smoke alone in places where there were no people. In addition, non-smokers’ exposure to secondhand smoke did not decrease, but since non-smokers used masks, they reported more relief about the risk of exposure to secondhand smoke than before.ConclusionsSmokers being a high-risk group for COVID-19 did not result in smoking cessation among smokers. Therefore, policy and educational campaigns to raise awareness about the dangers of smoking and to encourage smoking cessation are needed in the future.

scholarly journals A qualitative study on the impact of COVID-19 on the behavior and attitudes of smokers and non-smokers in South Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jieun Hwang ◽  
Hae-ryoung Chun ◽  
Eunsil Cheon
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Tobacco Product ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Exposure To Secondhand Smoke

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has affected all aspects of human society, including education, culture, and the economy, and has also introduced changes in people’s health behaviors such as drinking alcohol, nutrition intake, and practicing healthy living. This study conducted qualitative research in the Korean context to examine the changes in the smoking behavior of smokers and secondhand smoke exposure of non-smokers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Focus group interviews were conducted with 36 Korean participants (18 men and 18 women). The groups were composed of cigarette smokers, e-cigarette users, heated tobacco product users, and non-smokers. Results During the pandemic, it was found that there was an increase in the frequency of use, irrespective of the tobacco product, in users who refrained from social interaction and worked or studied from home. Users who continued to be socially active increased the amount used with each usage. Smokers showed a tendency to avoid smoking rooms and to smoke alone in places unoccupied by people. In addition, non-smokers’ exposure to secondhand smoke did not decrease, but since non-smokers used masks, they reported more relief from the risk of exposure to secondhand smoke than before. Conclusions Despite smokers being a high-risk group for COVID-19, the risk did not result in smoking cessation among smokers. Therefore, policies and educational campaigns to raise awareness about the dangers of smoking and to encourage smoking cessation are needed in the future.

The impact of commonly used air filters in eliminating the exposure to secondhand smoke constituents

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 543-551
Author(s):  
Chris A. Pritsos ◽  
Thivanka Muthumalage
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Environmental Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Air Filters ◽  
Machine System ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Exposure To Secondhand Smoke

The use of microchip controlled TE-10 smoke machine system with 3R4F research cigarettes as a part of the experimental design in order to create an atmosphere with environmental tobacco smoke constituents.

Pharmacy and Tobacco

1997 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 1253-1256
Author(s):  
Martha M Rumore
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Young People ◽  
Drug Administration ◽  
Food And Drug Administration ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Fda Regulations

With the recognition that smoking begins in youth and that tobacco products are readily available to those under 18 years of age, new Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulations restrict the sale, distribution, promotion, and advertising of cigarettes to minors. The objective is to decrease the use of tobacco by young people and consequently reduce the future morbidity and mortality from tobacco. Pharmacists currently have three choices with regard to the sale of tobacco in pharmacies: display and sell tobacco products, refuse to sell tobacco products, or make tobacco products available but counsel on smoking cessation. Each choice, as well as the impact of the new FDA regulations on pharmacy, is discussed.

scholarly journals Uptake and Perceptions of E-cigarette use in Vascular Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-87
Author(s):  
Rachael Taylor ◽  
David Sidloff ◽  
Robert D. Sayers ◽  
Matthew J. Bown ◽  
Athanasios Saratzis
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Patterns Of Use ◽  
Initial Interviews

Introduction: Smoking is one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are becoming increasingly popular. However, little is known regarding their patterns of use in patients with established CVD.Aims: We aimed to assess the perceptions and patterns of use of e-cigarettes in patients presenting to a vascular clinic.Methods: We performed a qualitative study to identify perceptions and beliefs about e-cigarettes. Semi-structured interviews of consecutive patients consenting to participate were performed over five-months. Individuals were recruited from a vascular surgery outpatient clinic. Initial interviews were based on a questionnaire. Further structured interviews were conducted with patients currently using e-cigarettes, which were transcribed and analysed to assess perceptions and patterns of use.Results/Findings: Four overarching themes emerged: attraction to e-cigarettes as a harm reduction/smoking cessation strategy; uncertainty regarding the risks of e-cigarettes; use of various types of smoking cessation strategies; dual use and often complete relapse to tobacco products.Conclusions: Patients with established CVD view e-cigarettes as a means of smoking cessation; however, many relapse to tobacco products or use both simultaneously. Further research is necessary regarding the role of e-cigarettes in smoking cessation in this high-risk group.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Characteristics of Smoking Among School-Going Adolescents in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement 2) ◽  
pp. 21s-21s
Author(s):  
K.Y. Low ◽  
S.J. Jag Singh ◽  
H.S. Mohd Hashim ◽  
C. Lim ◽  
N.I. Junazli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Objective Measurement ◽  
Smoke Inhalation ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Adolescent Smokers ◽  
Passive Smoke ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Exposure To Secondhand Smoke

Background: According to the World Health Organization (WHO) (2014), noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) such as cancer, cardiovascular disease and respiratory disease account for a majority of premature deaths in the Malaysian population. Tobacco smoking remains a leading risk factor for these diseases. Although there have been previous population-level studies which have highlighted adolescent smokers in Malaysia, little has been done to specifically ascertain smoking prevalence within a school-going population using objective measurement tools. Aim: This study aimed to identify the prevalence of school-going adolescent smokers in Kuala Lumpur via an objective measurement - expired carbon monoxide (CO) in parts per million (ppm). Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study that involved 2,679 high school-going adolescents aged between 13 to 18 years old in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The level of exhaled CO (Smokerlyzer test) of all the participants was measured. Participants were also administered with a survey conducted right after the Smokerlyzer test to determine i) whether they smoked or not; ii) type of tobacco products used if smoked; iii) vaping or shisha usage; and iv) exposure to secondhand smoke. The categorization of smoking status was based on CO-ppm reading: ≤ 3 ppm (nonsmoker); 3 < ppm ≤ 6 (light smoker or nonsmoker breathing in poor air quality or passive smoke inhalation); ≥ 7 ppm (regular smoker with higher levels of CO in blood). Descriptive analysis was conducted to determine the demographics of the study population. Inferential analysis was carried out utilizing χ2 tests or Student t-tests to test associations between smoking status and other independent variables. One-way ANOVA test was conducted to compare the differences in CO-ppm readings. Results: The mean age of the adolescents (n=2,679) was 14.5 ± 1.2 years old (median: 14) and 55.1% were male. Interestingly, vaping was the most commonly used method of tobacco use among the studied adolescents, regardless of gender, followed by cigarettes and shisha. The mean CO-ppm reading for male adolescents was significantly higher than female adolescents. Passive smoke inhalation (exposure to secondhand smoke) was significantly associated with higher readings of CO-ppm. A significant association was determined between status of exposure to secondhand smoke and a history of usage of any form of tobacco products. Conclusion: The prevalence of smoking adolescents, regardless of gender, in Kuala Lumpur remains at a worrying state. Objective measurements such as Smokerlyzer test can be coupled with self-reported questionnaire in targeting adolescent smokers within a structured setting such as a school and can help form part of an effective school-based smoking cessation intervention program targeting adolescents in Malaysia. This is in line with efforts to make Malaysia a smoke-free nation by 2045.

scholarly journals Cigarette Smoking and Secondhand Smoke Exposure Before and After a Tobacco-Free Olympic Policy Period: Qingdao, China

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 1531-1538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Zhao ◽  
Xiaojing Li ◽  
Susan LeRoy Stewart ◽  
Weiguo Gao ◽  
Fei Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Smoking Prevalence ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
Smoke Exposure ◽  
Secondhand Smoke Exposure ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Exposure To Secondhand Smoke

Abstract Introduction We explored the impact of a temporary tobacco-free public policy for the 2008 Summer Olympics on the smoking prevalence and secondhand smoke exposure among the population of a co-hosting city, Qingdao, China. Methods The Qingdao Diabetes Survey was analyzed for 2006 (n = 4599) and 2009 (n = 4680), which are survey years before and after the tobacco-free Olympics public policy period (July 2007 to January 2009). We analyzed the differences in self-reported smoking prevalence and exposure to secondhand smoke at home and/or workplace, and compared odds of smoking by survey year and of exposure to secondhand smoke among nonsmokers. Results From 2006 to 2009, the male smoking prevalence declined from 51.4% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 49.0% to 53.9%) to 42.6% (95% CI = 40.2% to 45.1%), and the proportion of lighter smokers decreased more. Among nonsmokers, the secondhand smoke exposure rate declined from 62.2% (95% CI = 60.5% to 63.9%) to 56.8% (95% CI = 55.1% to 58.6%). Regression analyses show 34% lower odds of men smoking after Olympics (OR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.57% to 0.77%). Rural residents and individuals who are not retired were more likely to smoke. Female nonsmokers report 17% less exposure to secondhand smoke after Olympics (OR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.70% to 0.98%). Urban nonsmokers were more likely to be exposed than their rural counterparts. Conclusions Smoking prevalence among men and secondhand smoke exposure among women significantly decreased in Qingdao, China, after the tobacco-free Olympics public policy period. As only the proportion of lighter smokers decreased, this may help explain why urban nonsmokers reported increased exposure. Unintended increased secondhand smoke exposure and cessation support need to be addressed in large-scale policy campaigns. Implications Hosting the Olympic Games can help to initiate large-scale tobacco-free public policies for hosting cities. Although previous studies have demonstrated reduction in nonsmoker exposure to secondhand smoke, the impact on the hosting city’s smoking prevalence or exposure rates is unclear. After the Olympic Games in Qingdao, China, smoking prevalence among men significantly decreased, mostly due to light smokers. Secondhand smoke exposure at home and/or workplace significantly decreased among female nonsmokers. Urban nonsmokers had an unintended consequence of increased secondhand smoke exposure after the tobacco-free Olympic policy period. Concurrent promotion of cessation support for heavier smokers may be needed.

An Evaluation of a Therapist-Administered Bibliotherapy and Spouse Smoking Habits on Smoking Behavior

1979 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara L. Seibel
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Treatment Program ◽  
Group Treatment ◽  
Resistance To Change ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Important Variable ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Stop Smoking ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

This study attempted to evaluate a readily available comprehensive bibliotherapy smoking cessation program and the impact of smoking and nonsmoking behavior of a spouse on the individual to stop smoking. It provided a valuable source of client evaluation and stimulation for future investigation. The results suggest that motivation is an important variable in smoking cessation. Further, there is a need to develop a continuum of care to include: directed health education, self-administered treatment, therapist-administered group treatment, therapist-administered individual treatment, and detoxification coupled with continuing group support. Habit formation or resistance to change, and motivation may be primary factors in determining placement on this continuum. Finally, professional responsibility is important: What levels of success should a consumer and/or professional expect of a broadly available treatment program? What are the risks of failure?

Use of Single, Dual, and Poly Tobacco Products in Korean Adolescents

2021 ◽  
pp. 101053952110229
Author(s):  
Min Kwon ◽  
Sophia J. Chung ◽  
Jinhwa Lee
Keyword(s):  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Sexual Experience ◽  
Tobacco Product ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Product Use ◽  
Adolescent Smokers ◽  
Risky Alcohol ◽  
Smoke Prevention

This study aimed to examine the prevalence of single, dual, and poly use of conventional cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and heated tobacco products among Korean adolescent smokers and identify factors related to dual and poly tobacco product use. Data from 4028 current smokers in the 2019 Korea Youth Behavior Web-based Survey were included. Single users accounted for 53.1%, followed by dual users at 24.8% and poly users at 22.1%. The factors influencing dual and poly tobacco product use included male, living in a metropolitan area, risky alcohol drinking, sexual experience, number of cigarettes smoked, secondhand smoke exposure, and easy-to-buy tobacco products. The findings suggest restricting the use of new types of tobacco products in the high-risk group are required to prevent dual and poly use. Furthermore, it is necessary to provide support like education for new tobacco products and smoking cessation, programs for secondhand smoke prevention, or rigorous marketing regulations for adolescents.

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