scholarly journals A qualitative study on the impact of COVID-19 on the behavior and attitudes of smokers and non-smokers in South Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jieun Hwang ◽  
Hae-ryoung Chun ◽  
Eunsil Cheon
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Tobacco Product ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Exposure To Secondhand Smoke

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has affected all aspects of human society, including education, culture, and the economy, and has also introduced changes in people’s health behaviors such as drinking alcohol, nutrition intake, and practicing healthy living. This study conducted qualitative research in the Korean context to examine the changes in the smoking behavior of smokers and secondhand smoke exposure of non-smokers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Focus group interviews were conducted with 36 Korean participants (18 men and 18 women). The groups were composed of cigarette smokers, e-cigarette users, heated tobacco product users, and non-smokers. Results During the pandemic, it was found that there was an increase in the frequency of use, irrespective of the tobacco product, in users who refrained from social interaction and worked or studied from home. Users who continued to be socially active increased the amount used with each usage. Smokers showed a tendency to avoid smoking rooms and to smoke alone in places unoccupied by people. In addition, non-smokers’ exposure to secondhand smoke did not decrease, but since non-smokers used masks, they reported more relief from the risk of exposure to secondhand smoke than before. Conclusions Despite smokers being a high-risk group for COVID-19, the risk did not result in smoking cessation among smokers. Therefore, policies and educational campaigns to raise awareness about the dangers of smoking and to encourage smoking cessation are needed in the future.

scholarly journals A Qualitative Study on the Impact of COVID-19 on the Behavior and Attitudes of Smokers and Non-smokers in South Korea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jieun Hwang ◽  
Hae-ryong Chun ◽  
Eunsil Cheon
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Education Culture ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Exposure To Secondhand Smoke

Abstract BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has affected all aspects of human society, including education, culture, and economy, and has also brought changes in health behaviors such as drinking alcohol, nutrition intake, and practicing healthy living. This study conducted a qualitative research in the Korean context to examine the changes in the smoking behavior of smokers and secondhand smoke exposure of non-smokers during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods Focus group interviews were conducted with 36 Korean participants (18 men and 18 women): groups were composed of cigarette smokers, e-cigarette users, heated tobacco products users, or non-smokers. ResultsDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, regardless tobacco products, in the case of users who were not participating in engaging in social interaction, such as working from home or online classes, the frequency of using increased, and for users who continued engaging in social interactions, the amount of using increased each time they used. Smokers showed a tendency to avoid smoking rooms and to smoke alone in places where there were no people. In addition, non-smokers’ exposure to secondhand smoke did not decrease, but since non-smokers used masks, they reported more relief about the risk of exposure to secondhand smoke than before.ConclusionsSmokers being a high-risk group for COVID-19 did not result in smoking cessation among smokers. Therefore, policy and educational campaigns to raise awareness about the dangers of smoking and to encourage smoking cessation are needed in the future.

The impact of commonly used air filters in eliminating the exposure to secondhand smoke constituents

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 543-551
Author(s):  
Chris A. Pritsos ◽  
Thivanka Muthumalage
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Environmental Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Air Filters ◽  
Machine System ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Exposure To Secondhand Smoke

The use of microchip controlled TE-10 smoke machine system with 3R4F research cigarettes as a part of the experimental design in order to create an atmosphere with environmental tobacco smoke constituents.

scholarly journals Cigarette Smoking and Secondhand Smoke Exposure Before and After a Tobacco-Free Olympic Policy Period: Qingdao, China

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 1531-1538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Zhao ◽  
Xiaojing Li ◽  
Susan LeRoy Stewart ◽  
Weiguo Gao ◽  
Fei Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Smoking Prevalence ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
Smoke Exposure ◽  
Secondhand Smoke Exposure ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Exposure To Secondhand Smoke

Abstract Introduction We explored the impact of a temporary tobacco-free public policy for the 2008 Summer Olympics on the smoking prevalence and secondhand smoke exposure among the population of a co-hosting city, Qingdao, China. Methods The Qingdao Diabetes Survey was analyzed for 2006 (n = 4599) and 2009 (n = 4680), which are survey years before and after the tobacco-free Olympics public policy period (July 2007 to January 2009). We analyzed the differences in self-reported smoking prevalence and exposure to secondhand smoke at home and/or workplace, and compared odds of smoking by survey year and of exposure to secondhand smoke among nonsmokers. Results From 2006 to 2009, the male smoking prevalence declined from 51.4% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 49.0% to 53.9%) to 42.6% (95% CI = 40.2% to 45.1%), and the proportion of lighter smokers decreased more. Among nonsmokers, the secondhand smoke exposure rate declined from 62.2% (95% CI = 60.5% to 63.9%) to 56.8% (95% CI = 55.1% to 58.6%). Regression analyses show 34% lower odds of men smoking after Olympics (OR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.57% to 0.77%). Rural residents and individuals who are not retired were more likely to smoke. Female nonsmokers report 17% less exposure to secondhand smoke after Olympics (OR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.70% to 0.98%). Urban nonsmokers were more likely to be exposed than their rural counterparts. Conclusions Smoking prevalence among men and secondhand smoke exposure among women significantly decreased in Qingdao, China, after the tobacco-free Olympics public policy period. As only the proportion of lighter smokers decreased, this may help explain why urban nonsmokers reported increased exposure. Unintended increased secondhand smoke exposure and cessation support need to be addressed in large-scale policy campaigns. Implications Hosting the Olympic Games can help to initiate large-scale tobacco-free public policies for hosting cities. Although previous studies have demonstrated reduction in nonsmoker exposure to secondhand smoke, the impact on the hosting city’s smoking prevalence or exposure rates is unclear. After the Olympic Games in Qingdao, China, smoking prevalence among men significantly decreased, mostly due to light smokers. Secondhand smoke exposure at home and/or workplace significantly decreased among female nonsmokers. Urban nonsmokers had an unintended consequence of increased secondhand smoke exposure after the tobacco-free Olympic policy period. Concurrent promotion of cessation support for heavier smokers may be needed.

An Evaluation of a Therapist-Administered Bibliotherapy and Spouse Smoking Habits on Smoking Behavior

1979 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara L. Seibel
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Treatment Program ◽  
Group Treatment ◽  
Resistance To Change ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Important Variable ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Stop Smoking ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

This study attempted to evaluate a readily available comprehensive bibliotherapy smoking cessation program and the impact of smoking and nonsmoking behavior of a spouse on the individual to stop smoking. It provided a valuable source of client evaluation and stimulation for future investigation. The results suggest that motivation is an important variable in smoking cessation. Further, there is a need to develop a continuum of care to include: directed health education, self-administered treatment, therapist-administered group treatment, therapist-administered individual treatment, and detoxification coupled with continuing group support. Habit formation or resistance to change, and motivation may be primary factors in determining placement on this continuum. Finally, professional responsibility is important: What levels of success should a consumer and/or professional expect of a broadly available treatment program? What are the risks of failure?

Use of Single, Dual, and Poly Tobacco Products in Korean Adolescents

2021 ◽  
pp. 101053952110229
Author(s):  
Min Kwon ◽  
Sophia J. Chung ◽  
Jinhwa Lee
Keyword(s):  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Sexual Experience ◽  
Tobacco Product ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Product Use ◽  
Adolescent Smokers ◽  
Risky Alcohol ◽  
Smoke Prevention

This study aimed to examine the prevalence of single, dual, and poly use of conventional cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and heated tobacco products among Korean adolescent smokers and identify factors related to dual and poly tobacco product use. Data from 4028 current smokers in the 2019 Korea Youth Behavior Web-based Survey were included. Single users accounted for 53.1%, followed by dual users at 24.8% and poly users at 22.1%. The factors influencing dual and poly tobacco product use included male, living in a metropolitan area, risky alcohol drinking, sexual experience, number of cigarettes smoked, secondhand smoke exposure, and easy-to-buy tobacco products. The findings suggest restricting the use of new types of tobacco products in the high-risk group are required to prevent dual and poly use. Furthermore, it is necessary to provide support like education for new tobacco products and smoking cessation, programs for secondhand smoke prevention, or rigorous marketing regulations for adolescents.

scholarly journals A Qualitative Study of the Impact of COVID-19 on Smoking Behavior for Participants in a Post-Hospitalization Smoking Cessation Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5404
Author(s):  
Kristina Schnitzer ◽  
Sarah Jones ◽  
Jennifer H. K. Kelley ◽  
Hilary A. Tindle ◽  
Nancy A. Rigotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Perceived Control ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Coping Skills ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Transactional Model ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Dispositional Coping ◽  
Perceived Impacts ◽  
The Impact

(1) Background: COVID-19 has substantially altered individual environments and behaviors. We aim to explore the impact of COVID-19 on the smoking behavior of individuals trying to quit tobacco. (2) Methods: This study presents a qualitative analysis of individual interviews focused on perceived impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on tobacco use among 39 participants in the Helping HAND 4 (HH4) post-hospitalization smoking cessation trial (NCT03603496). (3) Results: Emergent impacts of COVID-19 included change in routine, isolation, employment changes, and financial challenges; these in turn were associated with boredom, altered cravings and triggers, and increased stress. The availability of effective coping mechanisms instead of smoking to deal with stress heavily influenced subsequent smoking behavior. These results were triangulated with the Transactional Model of Stress, providing a framework to elucidate connections between factors such as perceived control, self-efficacy, and dispositional coping style, and highlighting potential areas for intervention. (4) Conclusions: Results suggest that stress during the COVID-19 pandemic may undermine effective coping skills among individuals enrolled in a post-hospitalization smoking cessation trial. Strengthening effective coping skills (e.g., minimizing the use of tobacco as a default stress response) and increasing perceived control and self-efficacy are promising intervention targets.

scholarly journals 29.A. Workshop: Implementation of smokefree prisons across a national prison estate: experience from Scotland

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Good Communication ◽  
Smoke Free Policy ◽  
Prison Policy ◽  
Smokefree Policy ◽  
Oral Presentations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Exposure To Secondhand Smoke

Abstract Objective To present findings from the multi-methods, 3-Phase Tobacco in Prisons (TIPs) study, a comprehensive evaluation of the development, preparation for, implementation and outcomes of smoke free policy across Scotland's prison. Prisons had partial exemption from UK policy banning smoking in enclosed public spaces, and became one of few workplaces with continued exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS). Prison smoking bans have been introduced elsewhere, but evidence of the process and impact of implementing smokefree prisons is sparse. By presenting papers using different methods (objective measurements of SHS; qualitative focus group/interview data, surveys with people in custody and staff; prisoner purchasing data and an economic analysis), the workshop will demonstrate the success of implementing smokefree prison policy and the factors contributing to this success and related outcomes. It will discuss some of the challenging issues and decisions which other jurisdictions may face when considering a smokefree policy. Format The format of the workshop will comprise oral presentations from members of the TIPs research team. This will begin with an overview of a) the rationale for and challenges of implementing smokefree policies in the prison context, and b) the methods used during the three phases of the TIPs study. There will then be presentations on: (i) SHS exposure pre-post ban; (ii) experiences and opinions of staff including the use of e-cigarettes in prisons; (iii) the impact of smokefree policy on prisoner spend in the 'canteen' (prison shop); the impact of smokefree prison policy on medications dispensing; (v) the economic impacts of the smoke-free prison policy. As a study of an entire national prison service. This evaluation of the development, planning, implementation and impact of smokefree policy demonstrates the importance of research evidence for policy implementation, providing new evidence for other jurisdictions contemplating bans on smoking in prisons. Key messages Smokefree prison policy can be successfully implemented with support, partnership working and good communication. Exposure to secondhand smoke in prisons rapidly declines.

scholarly journals Passive smoking and knowledge of its health hazards in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Algabbani ◽  
N Bin Dhim
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Passive Smoking ◽  
National Study ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Exposure To Secondhand Smoke

Abstract Introduction Exposure to secondhand smoke is a major public health issue that requires assessing its magnitude. This study assesses the current status of passive smoking and its determinates in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methods This national study conducted in the 13 regions of Saudi Arabia through web-based-computer assisted telephone interviews. The two main measurements were passive smoking among nonsmokers and smoking behaviors in microenvironments among smokers. Data on socio-economic and demographical data, smoking status, attitude, and knowledge on passive smoking impacts were also collected. Data was weighted by age, gender, and region to account for the different probabilities of selection. Results Exposure to secondhand smoke among non-smokers was 44%. Smoking at home with the presence of children in the same room was prevalent (25% cigarettes smokers, 30% waterpipe smokers). About 18% of smokers smoke inside their cars while children on-board. Only 34.4% of smokers perceived, “to a very large extent”, the harms of their smoking might be doing to others. As the knowledge on secondhand smoking exposure health risks increases the smokers were less likely to smoke in microenvironment (R= -0.16, p value< 0.01). Almost half of the population (49.1wt.%) were “extremely concerned” about the effect of passive smoking on their health in the future. Conclusions Passive smoking is prevalent in the Saudi population and a proportion of smokers smokes in microenvironments with the presence of children. Further preventive and promotion strategies are needed to protect the public from the hazards of passive smoking with special attention to vulnerable populations. Key messages Identify the association between knowledge of the associated health risks with exposure to passive smoking and smoker behaviors that expose nonsmokers to tobacco smoke in private micro-environments. Assess the impact of individual knowledge of passive smoking associated health risks and vulnerability to passive tobacco smoke exposure.

scholarly journals The Smoking Mind: A Psycho-Cognitive Perspective

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Marianna Masiero ◽  
Chiara Renzi ◽  
Gabriella Pravettoni
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Smoking Initiation ◽  
Cognitive Mechanisms ◽  
Cognitive Components ◽  
Risk Judgment ◽  
Tobacco Cigarette ◽  
Smoking Behaviors ◽  
The Impact

Summary Smoking behavior involves not only a biological addiction, but also psycho-cognitive components. This runs from smoking initiation, through to maintaining, attempts at quitting, and relapse. This perspective is an important element in studying and intervening in smoking behaviors. The main aim of this narrative review is to explore tobacco cigarette smoking behavior, considering the pivotal role of cognitive mechanisms embedded in decision-making and in risk judgment, with particular attention to the so-called Optimistic Bias (OB). The mechanisms through which this fallacy supports smoking initiation and continuance are explored, considering the transition from young to adult smokers and the case of light and intermittent smokers. Furthermore, additional cognitive mechanisms associated with the OB, which sustain smoking behavior and prevent the efficacy of smoking cessation, are described. Finally, a stimulus for reflection and for discussion about how the impact of the cognitive bias perspective in tobacco cigarette smoking is provided, focusing on how it could support tailored interventions, both in smoking initiation prevention in adolescents and young adults, as well as in smoking cessation in high-risk categories.

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