scholarly journals Determinants of Adoption Decisions of Water Harvesting Structures Among Pastoral Areas of Kenya

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alphayo Lutta ◽  
Oliver Vivian Wasonga ◽  
Moses Nyangito ◽  
Falendra Kumar Sudan ◽  
Lance Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Farm Labor ◽  
Water Harvesting ◽  
Water Shortages ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Harvesting Systems ◽  
Livestock Productivity ◽  
Water Harvesting Structures

Abstract BackgroundThe arid and semi-arid lands are affected inherently by unpredictable rainfall and frequent droughts, which are exacerbated by climate change. This has resulted in deterioration of land resources, leading to forage and water shortages that negatively impact on livestock productivity. To cope with these climatic hazards that affect agricultural production and food security in pastoral areas, on farm adaptation strategies such as water harvesting initiatives are being supported by development agencies and governments. Some of these strategies have not been able to produce the desired levels of productivity and thus have failed to improve the welfare of the pastoral communities or prevent rangelands from deteriorating due to low adoption rates at household level.ResultsThis study determined social, economic and institutional factors influencing the adoption of water harvesting systems at household level in pastoral areas of Tana River County of Kenya. The data was collected through household survey, focus group discussions and key informant interviews. The results show that access to extension services and training, monthly income level, main source of livelihood, land tenure system, membership in community groups and availability of active farm labor significantly influenced the adoption of water harvesting structures which need a combination of technical efficiency with low cost and acceptability to pastoral communities.ConclusionPastoralists therefore need to be mobilized and trained on how to construct and use water harvesting structures and sensitized on the potential socioeconomic benefits of adopting them.

scholarly journals Adoption of water harvesting technologies among agro-pastoralists in semi-arid rangelands of South Eastern Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alphayo I. Lutta ◽  
Oliver Vivian Wasonga ◽  
Moses M. Nyangito ◽  
Falendra Kumar Sudan ◽  
Lance W. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Farm Labor ◽  
Water Harvesting ◽  
Pastoral Systems ◽  
Water Shortages ◽  
Livestock Productivity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Water Harvesting Structures

Abstract Background The arid and semi-arid lands experience inherently unpredictable rainfall and frequent droughts, which are exacerbated by climate change. This consequently leads to deterioration of land resources, and eventually forage and water shortages that negatively impact livestock productivity. In Kenya, development and government agencies have been supporting on-farm adaptation strategies such as water harvesting conservation structures to cope with climate hazards that affect agricultural production and food security in agro-pastoral and pastoral systems. The various water harvesting structures that have been promoted include Zai pits for growing crops and trees, water pans and shallow wells for livestock and domestic use, as well as for irrigation. However, the impact of such interventions with regard to improvement of range productivity and therefore welfare of agro-pastoral and pastoral communities has not been felt owing to low adoption rate by households. Results This study determined social, economic and institutional factors influencing the adoption of water harvesting technologies by households in pastoral areas of Tana river County of Kenya. The data was collected through household survey, focus group discussions and key informant interviews. The results show that access to extension services and training, level of monthly income, main source of livelihood, land tenure, membership in social groups and availability of active farm labor significantly influenced the adoption of water harvesting structures. Conclusion Pastoralists therefore need to be mobilized and trained on how to construct and use water harvesting structures and sensitized on the potential socioeconomic benefits of adopting them.

scholarly journals Adoption of water harvesting technologies among agro-pastoralists in semi-arid rangelands of South Eastern Kenya

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alphayo Lutta ◽  
Oliver Vivian Wasonga ◽  
Moses Nyangito ◽  
Falendra Kumar Sudan ◽  
Lance Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Farm Labor ◽  
Water Harvesting ◽  
Pastoral Systems ◽  
Water Shortages ◽  
Livestock Productivity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Water Harvesting Structures

Abstract Background: The arid and semi-arid lands experience inherently unpredictable rainfall and frequent droughts, which are exacerbated by climate change. This consequently leads to deterioration of land resources, and eventually forage and water shortages that negatively impact livestock productivity. In Kenya, development and governments agencies have been supporting on farm adaptation strategies such as water harvesting conservation structures to cope with climate hazards that affect agricultural production and food security in agro-pastoral and pastoral systems. The various water harvesting structures that have been promoted include Zai pits for growing crops and trees, water pans and shallow wells for livestock and domestic use, as well as irrigation. However, the impact of such interventions with regard to improvement of range productivity and therefore welfare of agro-pastoral and pastoral communities has not been felt owing to low adoption rate by households. Results: This study determined social, economic and institutional factors influencing the adoption of water harvesting technologies by households in pastoral areas of Tana river County of Kenya. The data was collected through household survey, focus group discussions and key informant interviews. The results show that access to extension services and training, level of monthly income, main source of livelihood, land tenure, membership in social groups and availability of active farm labor significantly influenced the adoption of water harvesting structures. Conclusion: Pastoralists therefore need to be mobilized and trained on how to construct and use water harvesting structures and sensitized on the potential socioeconomic benefits of adopting them. Key words: Drylands, Water harvesting, Adaptive strategies, Pastoralism

scholarly journals Adoption of water harvesting technologies among agro-pastoralists in semi-arid rangelands of South Eastern Kenya

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alphayo Lutta ◽  
Oliver Vivian Wasonga ◽  
Moses Nyangito ◽  
Falendra Kumar Sudan ◽  
Lance Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Farm Labor ◽  
Water Harvesting ◽  
Pastoral Systems ◽  
Water Shortages ◽  
Livestock Productivity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Water Harvesting Structures

Abstract Background: The arid and semi-arid lands experience inherently unpredictable rainfall and frequent droughts, which are exacerbated by climate change. This consequently leads to deterioration of land resources, and eventually forage and water shortages that negatively impact livestock productivity. In Kenya, development and government agencies have been supporting on-farm adaptation strategies such as water harvesting conservation structures to cope with climate hazards that affect agricultural production and food security in agro-pastoral and pastoral systems. The various water harvesting structures that have been promoted include Zai pits for growing crops and trees, water pans and shallow wells for livestock and domestic use, as well as for irrigation. However, the impact of such interventions with regard to improvement of range productivity and therefore welfare of agro-pastoral and pastoral communities has not been felt owing to low adoption rate by households. Results: This study determined social, economic and institutional factors influencing the adoption of water harvesting technologies by households in pastoral areas of Tana river County of Kenya. The data was collected through household survey, focus group discussions and key informant interviews. The results show that access to extension services and training, level of monthly income, main source of livelihood, land tenure, membership in social groups and availability of active farm labor significantly influenced the adoption of water harvesting structures.Conclusion: Pastoralists therefore need to be mobilized and trained on how to construct and use water harvesting structures and sensitized on the potential socioeconomic benefits of adopting them.

scholarly journals Measuring Household Resilience to Cyclone Disasters in Coastal Bangladesh

Climate ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Abdullah Al-Maruf ◽  
J. Craig Jenkins ◽  
Amelie Bernzen ◽  
Boris Braun
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Storm Surges ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Coastal Bangladesh ◽  
Indicator Approach ◽  
Island Communities ◽  
Assessment And Monitoring ◽  
Social Safety Nets

The main objective of this paper is to measure the level of household resilience to cyclone and storm surges in the coastal area of Bangladesh. We draw on four general disaster frameworks in terms of addressing household-level resilience to cyclones and storm surges. We use a composite indicator approach organized around four components: (1) household infrastructure (HI); (2) household economic capacity (HEC); (3) household self-organization and learning (HSoL), and; (4) social safety nets (SSN). Drawing on a household survey (N = 1188) in nine coastal union parishads in coastal Bangladesh purposively selected as among the most vulnerable places in the world, we use principal components analysis applied to a standardized form of the survey data that identifies key household resilience features. These household index scores can be used for the assessment and monitoring of household capacities, training, and other efforts to improve household cyclone resilience. Our innovative methodological approach allows us to (a) identify patterns and reveal the underlying factors that accurately describe the variation in the data; (b) reduce a large number of variables to a much smaller number of core dimensions of household resilience, and (c) to detect spatial variations in resilience among communities. Aggregated to the community level, our new index reveals significant differences in community cyclone resilience in different areas of the coastal region. In this way, we can show that shoreline and island communities, in particular, have significant deficits in terms of household resilience, which seem to be mutually reinforcing one another and making for lower resilience.

Vulnerability to Natural Disaster and Welfare Effect: A Case Study of Flood Risk in Vietnam’s North Central Region

2021 ◽  
pp. 002190962199349
Author(s):  
Manh-Hung Nguyen ◽  
Dung P Le ◽  
Thang T Vo
Keyword(s):  
Flood Risk ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
North Central ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Central Vietnam ◽  
Housing Costs ◽  
Household Vulnerability ◽  
The Impact

This article investigates the impact of flood risk on vulnerability and welfare at the household level in Vietnam. The analytical sample is taken from a household survey conducted in a north central Vietnam community through a three-stage stratified random sampling method. The propensity score matching approach is employed to compare various welfare indicators between flooded and non-flooded households. This study finds that flooding results in significant income losses and imposes higher costs of living, especially housing costs. The two types of households are vulnerable, implying that other natural disasters or socio-economic disadvantages may have adverse effects on households’ livelihoods. The insignificant effect of floods on vulnerability indicates that the flooded households can cope with floods to some extent. However, contrary to family support, formal coping strategies are insufficient or ineffective at reducing household vulnerability to floods.

scholarly journals Adaptive Capacity to Extreme Heat: Results from a Household Survey in Houston, Texas

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 787-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary H. Hayden ◽  
Olga V. Wilhelmi ◽  
Deborah Banerjee ◽  
Tamara Greasby ◽  
Jamie L. Cavanaugh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
The United States ◽  
Extreme Heat ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Population Vulnerability ◽  
Heat Risk ◽  
Related Mortality

Abstract Extreme heat is the leading cause of weather-related mortality in the United States, suggesting the necessity for better understanding population vulnerability to extreme heat. The work presented here is part of a larger study examining vulnerability to extreme heat in current and future climates [System for Integrated Modeling of Metropolitan Extreme Heat Risk (SIMMER)] and was undertaken to assess Houston, Texas, residents’ adaptive capacity to extreme heat. A comprehensive, semistructured survey was conducted by telephone at 901 households in Houston in 2011. Frequency and logistic regression analyses were conducted. Results show that 20% of the survey respondents reported heat-related symptoms in the summer of 2011 despite widespread air conditioning availability throughout Houston. Of those reporting heat-related symptoms experienced in the home (n = 56), the majority could not afford to use air conditioning because of the high cost of electricity. This research highlights the efficacy of community-based surveys to better understand adaptive capacity at the household level; this survey contextualizes population vulnerability and identifies more targeted intervention strategies and adaptation actions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document