scholarly journals Parasitism of Aedes albopictus by Ascogregarina taiwanensis lowers its competitive ability against Aedes triseriatus.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Stump ◽  
Lauren M Childs ◽  
Melody Walker
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Aedes Triseriatus ◽  
La Crosse Virus ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ascogregarina Taiwanensis

Abstract Background: Mosquitoes are vectors for diseases that significantly impact the human population such as dengue, malaria and La Crosse virus. When multiple mosquito species are present, the competition between species may alter population dynamics as well as disease spread. Two mosquito species, Aedes albopictus and Aedes triseriatus, both inhabit areas where La Crosse virus is found. Infection of Aedes albopictus by the parasite Ascogregarina taiwanensis and Aedes triseriatus by the parasite Ascogregarina barretti can decrease a mosquito’s fitness, respectively. In particular, the decrease in fitness of Aedes albopictus occurs through the impact of Ascogregarina taiwanensis on female fecundity, larval development rate, and larval mortality and may impact its initial competitive advantage over Aedes triseriatus during invasion.Methods: We examine the effects of parasitism of gregarine parasites on Aedes albopictus and triseriatus population dynamics and competition with a focus on when Aedes albopictus is new to an area. We build a compartmental model including competition between Aedes albopictus and triseriatus while under parasitism of the gregarine parasites. Using parameters based on literature, we simulate the dynamics and analyze the equilibrium population proportion of the two species. We consider the presence of both parasites and potential dilution effects.Results: We show that increased levels of parasitism in Aedes albopictus will decrease the initial competitive advantage of the species over Aedes triseriatus and increase the survivorship of Aedes triseriatus. We find Aedes albopictus is better able to invade when there is more extreme parasitism of Aedes triseriatus. Furthermore, although the transient dynamics differ, dilution of the parasite density through uptake by both species does not alter the equilibrium population sizes of either species.Conclusions: Mosquito population dynamics are affected by many factors, such as abiotic factors (e.g. temperature and humidity) and competition between mosquito species. This is especially true when multiple mosquito species are vying to live in the same area. Knowledge of how population dynamics are affected by gregarine parasites among competing species can inform future mosquito control efforts and help prevent the spread of vector-borne disease.

scholarly journals Parasitism of Aedes albopictus by Ascogregarina taiwanensis lowers its competitive ability against Aedes triseriatus

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Stump ◽  
Lauren M. Childs ◽  
Melody Walker
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Aedes Triseriatus ◽  
La Crosse Virus ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ascogregarina Taiwanensis

Abstract Background Mosquitoes are vectors for diseases such as dengue, malaria and La Crosse virus that significantly impact the human population. When multiple mosquito species are present, the competition between species may alter population dynamics as well as disease spread. Two mosquito species, Aedes albopictus and Aedes triseriatus, both inhabit areas where La Crosse virus is found. Infection of Aedes albopictus by the parasite Ascogregarina taiwanensis and Aedes triseriatus by the parasite Ascogregarina barretti can decrease a mosquito’s fitness, respectively. In particular, the decrease in fitness of Aedes albopictus occurs through the impact of Ascogregarina taiwanensis on female fecundity, larval development rate, and larval mortality and may impact its initial competitive advantage over Aedes triseriatus during invasion. Methods We examine the effects of parasitism of gregarine parasites on Aedes albopictus and triseriatus population dynamics and competition with a focus on when Aedes albopictus is new to an area. We build a compartmental model including competition between Aedes albopictus and triseriatus while under parasitism of the gregarine parasites. Using parameters based on the literature, we simulate the dynamics and analyze the equilibrium population proportion of the two species. We consider the presence of both parasites and potential dilution effects. Results We show that increased levels of parasitism in Aedes albopictus will decrease the initial competitive advantage of the species over Aedes triseriatus and increase the survivorship of Aedes triseriatus. We find Aedes albopictus is better able to invade when there is more extreme parasitism of Aedes triseriatus. Furthermore, although the transient dynamics differ, dilution of the parasite density through uptake by both species does not alter the equilibrium population sizes of either species. Conclusions Mosquito population dynamics are affected by many factors, such as abiotic factors (e.g. temperature and humidity) and competition between mosquito species. This is especially true when multiple mosquito species are vying to live in the same area. Knowledge of how population dynamics are affected by gregarine parasites among competing species can inform future mosquito control efforts and help prevent the spread of vector-borne disease.

scholarly journals Parasitism of Aedes albopictus by Ascogregarina taiwanensis lowers its competitive ability against Aedes triseriatus.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Stump ◽  
Lauren M Childs ◽  
Melody Walker
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Aedes Triseriatus ◽  
La Crosse Virus ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ascogregarina Taiwanensis

Abstract Background: Mosquitoes are vectors for diseases that significantly impact the human population such as dengue, malaria and La Crosse virus. When multiple mosquito species are present, the competition between species may alter population dynamics as well as disease spread. Two mosquito species, Aedes albopictus and Aedes triseriatus, both inhabit areas where La Crosse virus is found. Infection of Aedes albopictus by the parasite Ascogregarina taiwanensis and Aedes triseriatus by the parasite Ascogregarina barretti can decrease a mosquito’s fitness, respectively. In particular, the decrease in fitness of Aedes albopictus occurs through the impact of Ascogregarina taiwanensis on female fecundity, larval development rate, and larval mortality and may impact its initial competitive advantage over Aedes triseriatus during invasion.Methods: We examine the effects of parasitism of gregarine parasites on Aedes albopictus and triseriatus population dynamics and competition with a focus on when Aedes albopictus is new to an area. We build a compartmental model including competition between Aedes albopictus and triseriatus while under parasitism of the gregarine parasites. Using parameters based on literature, we simulate the dynamics and analyze the equilibrium population proportion of the two species. We consider the presence of both parasites and potential dilution effects.Results: We show that increased levels of parasitism in Aedes albopictus will decrease the initial competitive advantage of the species over Aedes triseriatus and increase the survivorship of Aedes triseriatus. We find Aedes albopictus is better able to invade when there is more extreme parasitism of Aedes triseriatus. Furthermore, although the transient dynamics differ, dilution of the parasite density through uptake by both species does not alter the equilibrium population sizes of either species.Conclusions: Mosquito population dynamics are affected by many factors, such as abiotic factors (e.g. temperature and humidity) and competition between mosquito species. This is especially true when multiple mosquito species are vying to live in the same area. Knowledge of how population dynamics are affected by gregarine parasites among competing species can inform future mosquito control efforts and help prevent the spread of vector-borne disease.

scholarly journals Parasitism of Aedes Albopictus by Ascogregarina Taiwanensis Lowers Its Competitive Ability Against Aedes Triseriatus.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Stump ◽  
Lauren M Childs ◽  
Melody Walker
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Mosquito Population ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Aedes Triseriatus ◽  
Mosquito Population Dynamics ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ascogregarina Taiwanensis

Abstract Background: Mosquitoes are carriers for many diseases that significantly impact the human population such as dengue, malaria and La Crosse virus. When multiple mosquito species are present, the competition between species may alter disease spread. Two mosquito species, Aedes albopictus and Aedes triseriatus, both inhabit areas where La Crosse Encephalitis Virus is found. Infection of Aedes albopictus by the parasite Ascogregarina taiwanensis can decrease the mosquito’s fitness and impact its initial competitive advantage over Aedes triseriatus. The decrease in fitness occurs through the impact of Ascogregarina taiwanensis on female fecundity, larval development rate, and larval mortality. Methods: In this paper, we examine the effects of parasitism of Ascogregarina taiwanensis on Aedes albopictus and Aedes triseriatus population dynamics and competition. We build a compartmental model using parameters based on published literature, simulate the dynamics of the system, and analyze the effect of parasitism on competition between the mosquito species. Results: We show that increased levels of parasitism in Aedes albopictus will decrease the initial competitive advantage of the species over Aedes triseriatus and increase the survivorship of Aedes triseriatus. An understanding of how population dynamics are affected by this parasite can inform future mosquito control and mosquito-borne disease mitigation efforts. Conclusions: Mosquito population dynamics are affected by many factors, including abiotic factors (e.g. temperature and humidity) and competition between mosquito species. This is especially true when multiple mosquito species are vying to live in the same area. An understanding of mosquito population dynamics is vital to preventing spread of these diseases.

scholarly journals Comparative Potential of Aedes triseriatus, Aedes albopictus, and Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) to Transovarially Transmit La Crosse Virus

2006 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 757-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark T. Hughes ◽  
Janice A. Gonzalez ◽  
Krystle L. Reagan ◽  
Carol D. Blair ◽  
Barry J. Beaty
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Aedes Triseriatus ◽  
La Crosse Virus

Expansion of the Distribution of Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae): New Records in Northern Argentina and Their Implications From an Epidemiological Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 1310-1313
Author(s):  
S Goenaga ◽  
A Chuchuy ◽  
M V Micieli ◽  
B Natalini ◽  
J Kuruc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Nonhuman Primates ◽  
New Records ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Vector Surveillance ◽  
Misiones Province ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time

Abstract Since the last yellow fever (YF) outbreak was detected in Argentina in 2009, vector surveillance and studies of arbovirus infections are carried out intermittently specifically in areas where nonhuman primates of the Alouatta genus are present. We report in these areas of Corrientes province the detection of Haemagogus leucocelaenus (Dyar and Shannon) (Diptera: Culicidae) and Sabethes albiprivus (Theobald) (Diptera: Culicidae), both species involved in the forest YF cycle, and also the presence of Aedes albopictus (Skuse) in new areas in Argentina, which represents the southernmost citation for this species in South America. Aedes albopictus, a mosquito species native to Asia, was reported for the first time in Argentina in 1998, in Misiones province. Since then, no other report has indicated the extension of the distribution of this mosquito. This report shows the importance of performing continual entomological and arboviruses surveillance and highlights the impact that could result from the expansion of Ae. albopictus across Argentina.

scholarly journals Biotic and Abiotic Factors Affecting the Population Dynamics of Ceratium hirundinella, Peridinium cinctum, and Peridiniopsis elpatiewskyi

Diversity ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Behrouz Zarei Darki ◽  
Alexandr F. Krakhmalnyi
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Sulfate Ion ◽  
Temperature Conductivity ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Ceratium Hirundinella ◽  
Peridinium Cinctum ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Factors ◽  
The Impact

The present research was conducted to assess the impact of abiotic and biotic factors on the growth of freshwater dinoflagellates such as Ceratium hirundinella, Peridinium cinctum, and Peridiniopsis elpatiewskyi, which reduce the quality of drinking water in the Zayandeh Rud Reservoir. To this end, 152 algal and zoological samples were collected from the reservoir located in the Central part of Iran in January, April, July, and October 2011. Abiotic factors such as pH, temperature, conductivity, transparency, dissolved oxygen, and nutrient concentration of the water were measured in all study stations. The results showed that the population dynamics of dinoflagellates in the Zayandeh Rud Reservoir was different depending on season, station, and depth. The findings proved that C. hirundinella was one of the dominant autumn planktons in the highest biovolume in the Zayandeh Rud Reservoir. While P. elpatiewskyi was present in the reservoir throughout a year with biovolume peak in summer. Accompanying bloom of P. elpatiewskyi and C. hirundinella, P. cinctum also grew in well-heated summer and autumn waters. It was further found that Ceratium density was positively correlated with sulfate ion concentrations, while the growth of P. cinctum and P. elpatiewskyi were associated, first and foremost, with NO2− and Mn.

scholarly journals Effect of tire leachate on the invasive mosquito Aedes albopictus and the native congener Aedes triseriatus

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oswaldo Villena ◽  
Ivana Terry ◽  
Kayoko Iwata ◽  
Edward Landa ◽  
Shannon LaDeau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Zinc Concentration ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Population Change ◽  
Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Aedes Triseriatus ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Tire Leachate

Discarded vehicle tire casings are an important artificial habitat for the developmental stages of numerous vector mosquitoes. Discarded vehicle tires degrade under ultraviolet light and leach numerous soluble metals (e.g., barium, cadmium, zinc) and organic substances (e.g., benzothiazole and its derivatives [BTs], polyaromatic hydrocarbons [PAHs]) that could affect mosquito larvae that inhabit the tire casing. This study examined the relationship between soluble zinc, a common marker of tire leachate, on mosquito densities in tire habitats in the field, and tested the effects of tire leachate on the survival and development of newly hatched Aedes albopictus and Aedes triseriatus larvae in a controlled laboratory dose-response experiment. In the field, zinc concentrations were as high as 7.26 mg/L in a single tire and averaged as high as 2.39 (SE±1.17) mg/L among tires at a single site. A. albopictus (37/42 tires, 81.1%) and A. triseriatus (23/42, 54.8%) were the most widespread mosquito species, co-occurred in over half (22/42, 52.4%) of all tires, and A. triseriatus was only collected without A. albopictus in one tire. A. triseriatus was more strongly negatively associated with zinc concentration than A. albopictus, and another common mosquito, C. pipiens, which was found in 17 tires. In the laboratory experiment, A. albopictus per capita rate of population change (l’) was over 1.0, indicating positive population growth, from 0 to 10,000 mg/L tire leachate, corresponding to 8.9 mg/L zinc concentration, but steeply declined to zero from 50,000 to 100,000 mg/L tire leachate (44.5-89.0 mg/L zinc). In contrast, A. triseriatus l’ declined at the lower concentration of 100 mg/L tire leachate (0.05 mg/L zinc), and was zero at 500, 10,000, 50,000 and 100,000 mg/L tire leachate. These results indicate that tire leachate can have severe negative effects on populations of container utilizing mosquitoes at concentrations commonly found in the field. Superior tolerance to tire leachate of A. albopictus compared to A. triseriatus, and possibly other native mosquito species, may have facilitated the replacement of these native species as A. albopictus has invaded North America and other regions around the world.

Occurrence of the Mosquito Aedes triseriatus (Diptera: Culicidae) Beyond Its Most Northwestern Range Limits in Manitoba, Canada

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cody W Koloski ◽  
Ivan Drahun ◽  
Bryan J Cassone
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
The United States ◽  
Range Limits ◽  
Aedes Triseriatus ◽  
La Crosse Virus ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Tree Hole

Abstract Native to the Eastern United States and Eastern Canada, Aedes triseriatus (eastern tree hole mosquito) is an important vector of La Crosse virus and dog heartworm. Although its range has been well characterized in the United States, few studies have surveyed its distribution within Canada. In this study, mosquitoes were collected from a variety of urban and rural communities throughout Manitoba, Canada between the years of 2018 and 2020. Aedes triseriatus was identified and confirmed molecularly to be present in 13 communities. This includes localities that expand the species known distribution to new northern and western areas, and suggests that past surveillance efforts have not been comprehensive or environmental factors have caused this mosquito species to be present in areas in which it was not found previously. As Canada is showing signs of a changing climate, this may be driving the broader occurrence of Ae. triseriatus.

scholarly journals Effect of tire leachate on the invasive mosquito Aedes albopictus and the native congener Aedes triseriatus

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oswaldo Villena ◽  
Ivana Terry ◽  
Kayoko Iwata ◽  
Edward Landa ◽  
Shannon LaDeau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Zinc Concentration ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Population Change ◽  
Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Aedes Triseriatus ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Tire Leachate

Discarded vehicle tire casings are an important artificial habitat for the developmental stages of numerous vector mosquitoes. Discarded vehicle tires degrade under ultraviolet light and leach numerous soluble metals (e.g., barium, cadmium, zinc) and organic substances (e.g., benzothiazole and its derivatives [BTs], polyaromatic hydrocarbons [PAHs]) that could affect mosquito larvae that inhabit the tire casing. This study examined the relationship between soluble zinc, a common marker of tire leachate, on mosquito densities in tire habitats in the field, and tested the effects of tire leachate on the survival and development of newly hatched Aedes albopictus and Aedes triseriatus larvae in a controlled laboratory dose-response experiment. In the field, zinc concentrations were as high as 7.26 mg/L in a single tire and averaged as high as 2.39 (SE±1.17) mg/L among tires at a single site. A. albopictus (37/42 tires, 81.1%) and A. triseriatus (23/42, 54.8%) were the most widespread mosquito species, co-occurred in over half (22/42, 52.4%) of all tires, and A. triseriatus was only collected without A. albopictus in one tire. A. triseriatus was more strongly negatively associated with zinc concentration than A. albopictus, and another common mosquito, C. pipiens, which was found in 17 tires. In the laboratory experiment, A. albopictus per capita rate of population change (l’) was over 1.0, indicating positive population growth, from 0 to 10,000 mg/L tire leachate, corresponding to 8.9 mg/L zinc concentration, but steeply declined to zero from 50,000 to 100,000 mg/L tire leachate (44.5-89.0 mg/L zinc). In contrast, A. triseriatus l’ declined at the lower concentration of 100 mg/L tire leachate (0.05 mg/L zinc), and was zero at 500, 10,000, 50,000 and 100,000 mg/L tire leachate. These results indicate that tire leachate can have severe negative effects on populations of container utilizing mosquitoes at concentrations commonly found in the field. Superior tolerance to tire leachate of A. albopictus compared to A. triseriatus, and possibly other native mosquito species, may have facilitated the replacement of these native species as A. albopictus has invaded North America and other regions around the world.

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