Morbidity and Mortality in the Antiretroviral Era in Sub-saharan Africa: A Systematic Review Protocol

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manimani Riziki Ghislain ◽  
Aganze Gloire-Aime Mushebenge ◽  
Nombulelo Magula
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Review Author ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Causes Of Mortality ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Abstract Background: Worldwide, Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) remains a public health concern. The prevalence of HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa is one of the uppermost in the world. This study aims to identify the determinants of morbidity and specific causes of mortality in the antiretroviral treatment (ART) era in Sub-Saharan Africa.Method/design: Observational studies will be systematically reviewed reporting on morbidity and mortality in the antiretroviral therapy (ART) era in Sub-Saharan Africa. We will search for relevant studies from Google Scholar, PubMed, and CINAHL databases. Two review authors will independently screen titles, abstracts and full-text articles in duplicate, extract data and assess the bias. Discrepancies will be resolved by discussion or arbitration of a third review author. The study will use the Preferred Reporting Item of Systematic Review (PRISMA 2015) guideline. We will use R software to analyze and synthesize the data, the information will be captured into a spreadsheet regarding the most causes of hospitalization and death related to HIV in the antiretroviral treatment, Graphic displays will be used to visually compare the prevalence of comorbidities across the study region. This will also enable to provide any form of patterns in the comorbidities.Discussion: This review will summarize the determinants of morbidity and causes of mortality in the antiretroviral era in Sub-Saharan Africa. The findings of this study will help to improve opportunistic infection’s prevention and clinical outcomes in the ART era.Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CDR42019141933

scholarly journals Morbidity and mortality in the antiretroviral era in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review protocol

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manimani Riziki Ghislain ◽  
AGANZE Gloire-Aime MUSHEBENGE ◽  
NOMBULELO MAGULA
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Review Author ◽  
Causes Of Mortality ◽  
Review Protocol ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Abstract Background Worldwide, Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) remains a public health problem. The prevalence of HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa is one of the uppermost in the world. Method/design Observational studies will be systematically reviewed reporting on morbidity and mortality in the antiretroviral therapy (ART) era in Sub-Saharan Africa. We will search relevant studies from the following databases: PubMed, Medline, CINAHL. Two review authors will independently screen titles abstracts and full text articles in duplicate, extract data and assess the bias. Discrepancies will be resolved by discussion or arbitration of a third review author. The study will use the Preferred Reporting Item of Systematic Review (PRISMA 2015) guideline. Discussion This review will summarise the determinants of morbidity and causes of mortality in the antiretroviral era in Sub-Saharan Africa. The findings of this study will help to improve opportunistic infection’s prevention and clinical outcomes in ART era. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CDR42019141933

Virological follow-up of adult patients in antiretroviral treatment programmes in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roos E Barth ◽  
Maarten F Schim van der Loeff ◽  
Rob Schuurman ◽  
Andy IM Hoepelman ◽  
Annemarie MJ Wensing
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Sub Saharan

scholarly journals Retention in care prior to antiretroviral treatment eligibility in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review of the literature

BMJ Open ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. e006927 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mélanie Plazy ◽  
Joanna Orne-Gliemann ◽  
François Dabis ◽  
Rosemary Dray-Spira
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Retention In Care ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Sub Saharan

scholarly journals The Role of Community Health Workers in Oral Health Promotion and the Impact of their services in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Azhar Khan ◽  
Bernard Ojiambo Okeah ◽  
Etheldreda Leinyuy Mbivnjo ◽  
Ephraim Kisangala ◽  
Aaron W Pritchard
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
General Physical ◽  
The Impact ◽  
General Physical Health

Oral ailments are largely preventable but remain a significant public health concern afflicting nearly half the global population. These conditions account for 220 years of life lost per 100,000 people and about US$500 billion in health-related expenditures. Sub-Saharan Africa bears a significant burden of oral health problems thus exerting additional pressure on the scarce human resources for health. Community healthcare workers (CHWs) could be potentially utilised to bridge the shortage of oral health professionals in sub-Saharan Africa, hence, this systematic review that seeks to explore their current roles in oral health and potential impact on general physical health. This review follows the PRISMA guidelines and databases searched include PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, and CINAHL published between January 2010 and December 2019. Nine studies met the study eligibility criteria. This review established that CHWs perform variable roles cutting across primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention including providing oral hygiene education, recognising common pathologies, and treating oral lesions, administration of tooth extractions, dental pain management, and referral for advanced care. Although this could potentially improve oral health, our review did not establish the extent of the specific impact on general physical health of patients and the burden of oral condition.

Determinants and Effects of Adolescent Substance Use in Africa: A Systematic Review Protocol

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Jumbe ◽  
Tony Mwenda-Kamninga ◽  
Isaac Mwalwimba ◽  
Ukwuori-Gisela Kalu
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
World Health ◽  
Adolescent Substance Use ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Adolescent Substance ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract Background: Substance use among adolescents continues to be a growing major public health concern in Africa. Recent studies infer an overall estimated prevalence of 42% among adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa. Unfortunately, this phenomenon is not adequately documented across many settings in the continent despite known negative health and social consequences on affected individuals and their communities. Little is known about the social context of substance use in Africa among this population. Our aim is to conduct a systematic review to explore determinants and associated factors that influence adolescent substance use and the effects of substance use in sub-Saharan Africa.Methods: The Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, African Journals Online, Google Scholar, Scopus, Global Health, PsychINFO, Web of Science, and the World Health Organization (WHO) regional databases will be searched for population-based observational studies reporting on the prevalence of substance use of adolescents (age 10 - 19 years) across Africa. Search dates will be from January 2000 to December 2019. Data will be extracted from eligible publications, using a data extraction tool developed for this study. A random effects meta-analysis will be conducted to pool determinants and effects (at 95% confidence interval) of estimated substance abuse among adolescents. Alternative visual and statistical approaches will be adopted instead of traditional meta-analytic approaches where necessary.Discussion: This systematic review will describe the range of determinants and associated factors that have been found to significantly influence substance use in this population group over the last two decades. Additionally, the review will also describe the possible effects of substance use among adolescents. Documenting this evidence is important as it can potentially be used to inform comprehensive interventions and treatment programmes that are targeted at adolescents and their parents in these settings.Systematic review registration: registered on PROSPERO; registration number tbc.

scholarly journals Spectrum of heart diseases in children presenting to a paediatric cardiac echocardiography clinic in the Lake Zone of Tanzania: a 7 years overview

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antke Zuechner ◽  
Tumaini Mhada ◽  
Naizihijwa G. Majani ◽  
Godwin G. Sharau ◽  
William Mahalu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Interventional Therapy ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Interventional Treatment ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Lake Zone ◽  
Infancy And Childhood ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract Background Congenital heart diseases (CHD) are among the most common congenital malformations. It is estimated that the incidence of CHD is constant worldwide, but data are rare for most African countries including Tanzania. Even less data are available on the prevalence of acquired heart diseases (AHD) in African children. Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is the leading cause of AHD and is remaining a public health concern in Sub-Saharan Africa affecting especially the younger population. Both, CHD and AHD contribute substantially to morbidity and mortality during infancy and childhood. Methods This hospital-based, retrospective review of the registry at the paediatric cardiac clinic of Bugando Medical Centre in the Lake Zone of Tanzania analysed the spectrum of heart diseases of paediatric patients during their first presentation by using simple descriptive statistics. Results Between September 2009 and August 2016, a total of 3982 patients received cardiac evaluation including echocardiography studies. 1830 (46.0%) pathologic findings were described, out of these 1371 (74.9%) patients had CHD, whereas 459 (25.1%) presented with AHD. 53.9% of the patients with CHD were female and the most common associated syndrome was Down syndrome in 12.8% of patients. In 807 patients (58.9%) diagnosis of CHD was established within the first year of life. The majority of patients (60.1%) were in need of surgical or interventional therapy at time of diagnosis and 6.3% of patients were judged inoperable at the time of first presentation. Nearly 50% of cases with AHD were RHDs followed by dilated cardiomyopathy and pulmonary hypertension without underlying CHD. Conclusions The spectrum of CHD and AHD from one centre in Tanzania is comparable to findings reported in other countries from the African continent. Echocardiography is a valuable diagnostic tool and the widespread use of it should be enhanced to diagnose heart diseases in a large number and reasonable time. Most patients present late and majority is in need of surgical or interventional treatment, which is still not readily available. Untreated heart diseases contribute substantially to morbidity and mortality during infancy and childhood. Adequate cardiac services should be established and strengthened.

scholarly journals Spectrum of Heart diseases in Children presenting to a Paediatric Cardiac Echocardiography Clinic in the Lake Zone of Tanzania: a 7 years overview

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antke Zuechner ◽  
Tumaini Mhada ◽  
Naizihijwa G Majani ◽  
Godwin G Sharau ◽  
William Mahalu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Interventional Therapy ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Interventional Treatment ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Lake Zone ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Rheumatic Heart

Abstract Background Congenital heart diseases (CHD) are among the most common congenital malformations. It is estimated that the incidence of CHD is constant worldwide, but data are rare for most African countries including Tanzania. Even less data are available on the prevalence of acquired heart diseases (AHD) in African children. Rheumatic heart disease is the leading cause of AHD and is remaining a public health concern in Sub-Saharan Africa affecting especially the younger population. Both, CHD and AHD contribute substantially to morbidity and mortality during infancy and childhood.Methods This hospital-based, retrospective review of the registry at the paediatric cardiac clinic of Bugando Medical Centre in the Lake Zone of Tanzania analysed the spectrum of heart diseases of paediatric patients during their first presentation by using simple descriptive statistics.Results Between September 2009 and August 2016, a total of 3982 patients received cardiac evaluation including echocardiography studies. 1830 (46.0%) pathologic findings were described, out of these 1371 (74.9%) patients had CHD, whereas 459 (25.1%) presented with AHD. 53.9% of the patients with CHD were female and the most common associated syndrome was Down syndrome in 12.8% of patients. In 807 patients (58.9%) diagnosis of CHD was established within the first year of life. The majority of patients (60.1%) were in need of surgical or interventional therapy at time of diagnosis and 6.3% of patients were judged inoperable at the time of first presentation. Nearly 50% of cases with AHD were rheumatic heart diseases followed by dilated cardiomyopathy and pulmonary hypertension without underlying CHD.Conclusions The spectrum of CHD and AHD from one centre in Tanzania is comparable to findings reported in other countries from the African continent. Echocardiography is a valuable diagnostic tool and the widespread use of it should be enhanced to diagnose heart diseases in a large number and reasonable time. Most patients present late and majority is in need of surgical or interventional treatment, which is still not readily available. Untreated heart diseases contribute substantially to morbidity and mortality during infancy and childhood. Adequate cardiac services should be established and strengthened.

scholarly journals Spectrum of Heart diseases in Children presenting to a Paediatric Cardiac Echocardiography Clinic in the Lake Zone of Tanzania: a 7 years overview

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antke Zuechner ◽  
Tumaini Mhada ◽  
Naizihijwa G Majani ◽  
Godwin G Sharau ◽  
William Mahalu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Interventional Therapy ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Interventional Treatment ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Lake Zone ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Rheumatic Heart

Abstract Background Congenital heart diseases (CHD) are among the most common congenital malformations. It is estimated that the incidence of CHD is constant worldwide, but data are rare for most African countries including Tanzania. Even less data are available on the prevalence of acquired heart diseases (AHD) in African children. Rheumatic heart disease is the leading cause of AHD and is remaining a public health concern in Sub-Saharan Africa affecting especially the younger population. Both, CHD and AHD contribute substantially to morbidity and mortality during infancy and childhood.Methods This hospital-based, retrospective review of the registry at the paediatric cardiac clinic of Bugando Medical Centre in the Lake Zone of Tanzania analysed the spectrum of heart diseases of paediatric patients during their first presentation by using simple descriptive statistics.Results Between September 2009 and August 2016, a total of 3982 patients received cardiac evaluation including echocardiography studies. 1830 (46.0%) pathologic findings were described, out of these 1371 (74.9%) patients had CHD, whereas 459 (25.1%) presented with AHD. 53.9% of the patients with CHD were female and the most common associated syndrome was Down syndrome in 12.8% of patients. In 807 patients (58.9%) diagnosis of CHD was established within the first year of life. The majority of patients (60.1%) were in need of surgical or interventional therapy at time of diagnosis and 6.3% of patients were judged inoperable at the time of first presentation. Nearly 50% of cases with AHD were rheumatic heart diseases followed by dilated cardiomyopathy and pulmonary hypertension without underlying CHD.Conclusions The spectrum of CHD and AHD from one centre in Tanzania is comparable to findings reported in other countries from the African continent. Echocardiography is a valuable diagnostic tool and the widespread use of it should be enhanced to diagnose heart diseases in a large number and reasonable time. Most patients present late and majority is in need of surgical or interventional treatment, which is still not readily available. Untreated heart diseases contribute substantially to morbidity and mortality during infancy and childhood. Adequate cardiac services should be established and strengthened.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document