scholarly journals Morbidity and mortality in the antiretroviral era in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review protocol

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manimani Riziki Ghislain ◽  
AGANZE Gloire-Aime MUSHEBENGE ◽  
NOMBULELO MAGULA
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Review Author ◽  
Causes Of Mortality ◽  
Review Protocol ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Abstract Background Worldwide, Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) remains a public health problem. The prevalence of HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa is one of the uppermost in the world. Method/design Observational studies will be systematically reviewed reporting on morbidity and mortality in the antiretroviral therapy (ART) era in Sub-Saharan Africa. We will search relevant studies from the following databases: PubMed, Medline, CINAHL. Two review authors will independently screen titles abstracts and full text articles in duplicate, extract data and assess the bias. Discrepancies will be resolved by discussion or arbitration of a third review author. The study will use the Preferred Reporting Item of Systematic Review (PRISMA 2015) guideline. Discussion This review will summarise the determinants of morbidity and causes of mortality in the antiretroviral era in Sub-Saharan Africa. The findings of this study will help to improve opportunistic infection’s prevention and clinical outcomes in ART era. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CDR42019141933

Morbidity and Mortality in the Antiretroviral Era in Sub-saharan Africa: A Systematic Review Protocol

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manimani Riziki Ghislain ◽  
Aganze Gloire-Aime Mushebenge ◽  
Nombulelo Magula
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Review Author ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Causes Of Mortality ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Abstract Background: Worldwide, Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) remains a public health concern. The prevalence of HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa is one of the uppermost in the world. This study aims to identify the determinants of morbidity and specific causes of mortality in the antiretroviral treatment (ART) era in Sub-Saharan Africa.Method/design: Observational studies will be systematically reviewed reporting on morbidity and mortality in the antiretroviral therapy (ART) era in Sub-Saharan Africa. We will search for relevant studies from Google Scholar, PubMed, and CINAHL databases. Two review authors will independently screen titles, abstracts and full-text articles in duplicate, extract data and assess the bias. Discrepancies will be resolved by discussion or arbitration of a third review author. The study will use the Preferred Reporting Item of Systematic Review (PRISMA 2015) guideline. We will use R software to analyze and synthesize the data, the information will be captured into a spreadsheet regarding the most causes of hospitalization and death related to HIV in the antiretroviral treatment, Graphic displays will be used to visually compare the prevalence of comorbidities across the study region. This will also enable to provide any form of patterns in the comorbidities.Discussion: This review will summarize the determinants of morbidity and causes of mortality in the antiretroviral era in Sub-Saharan Africa. The findings of this study will help to improve opportunistic infection’s prevention and clinical outcomes in the ART era.Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CDR42019141933

Khat chewing and risky sexual behavior in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review protocol

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 59-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanuel Tesfay Gebremedhin ◽  
Hailay Abrha Gesesew ◽  
Tariku Dejene Demissie ◽  
Mirkuzie Woldie Kerie ◽  
Morankar Sudhakar
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Risky Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Systematic Review Protocol ◽  
Khat Chewing ◽  
Review Protocol ◽  
Sub Saharan

Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy and JC Virus Genotypes in West African Patients With Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

1999 ◽  
Vol 123 (5) ◽  
pp. 395-403
Author(s):  
Sylvester C. Chima ◽  
Hansjürgen T. Agostini ◽  
Caroline F. Ryschkewitsch ◽  
Sebastian B. Lucas ◽  
Gerald L. Stoner
Keyword(s):  
Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Jc Virus ◽  
West African ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Virus Genotypes ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
African Patients ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Abstract Objective—Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy is caused by polyomavirus JC in immunosuppressed patients. JC virus genotypes are identified by sequence analysis of the viral genome. Despite the prevalence of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in sub-Saharan Africa, few cases of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy have been reported from this region. Here we describe 4 African cases and provide an analysis of viral genotypes. Methods.—Immunohistochemical staining by labeled streptavidin-biotin for capsid protein antigen was performed on all cases. Polymerase chain reaction amplification of viral genomic DNA was followed by direct cycle sequencing. Results.—JC virus type 3 was identified in 2 cases, and type 6 was isolated in 1 case. The viral regulatory region from 1 case showed an uncommon rearrangement pattern. Conclusions.—Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in West African patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is caused by African genotypes of JC virus (types 3 and 6). The prevalence of disease in this autopsy series from sub-Saharan Africa (1.5%) was less than has been reported from Europe and the United States (4% to 10%) and may be partly due to biological differences in JC virus genotypes. Further studies will be needed to confirm this observation.

scholarly journals Analysis of HIV/AIDS Epidemic and Socioeconomic Factors in Sub-Saharan Africa

Entropy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 1230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuman Sun ◽  
Zhiming Li ◽  
Huiguo Zhang ◽  
Haijun Jiang ◽  
Xijian Hu
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Likelihood Method ◽  
Unknown Parameters ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv Aids

Sub-Saharan Africa has been the epicenter of the outbreak since the spread of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) began to be prevalent. This article proposes several regression models to investigate the relationships between the HIV/AIDS epidemic and socioeconomic factors (the gross domestic product per capita, and population density) in ten countries of Sub-Saharan Africa, for 2011–2016. The maximum likelihood method was used to estimate the unknown parameters of these models along with the Newton–Raphson procedure and Fisher scoring algorithm. Comparing these regression models, there exist significant spatiotemporal non-stationarity and auto-correlations between the HIV/AIDS epidemic and two socioeconomic factors. Based on the empirical results, we suggest that the geographically and temporally weighted Poisson autoregressive (GTWPAR) model is more suitable than other models, and has the better fitting results.

Cardiovascular disease: the new epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa

Vascular ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 301-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ifechukwude Ikem ◽  
Bauer E Sumpio
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is now facing a double burden of disease where patients are suffering from non-communicable diseases such as coronary heart disease, along with the burden of the current human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic. Due to this double burden, cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention and treatment has been overlooked, allowing the rates to continue to rise unchecked. A series of searches were conducted using PubMed as the primary database. From these searches, journal articles were compiled that related to diabetes, obesity and smoking rates in SSA. Also, the prevalence of CVD in the USA was reviewed. Although the USA has higher rates of CVD now, the rates were on the decline compared with SSA. Due to ‘Westernization’ of SSA, the rates of CVD risk factors, such as diabetes, are expected to increase by 50%. Because of this, 80% of CVD deaths worldwide took place in developing countries like those in SSA. Although HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is the current epidemic in SSA, CVD disease poses a threat as the new epidemic because of the increasing rates of these CVD risk factors. Without combating this disease now, SSA is facing an epidemiological shift from AIDS to CVD being the leading cause of death.

scholarly journals Prevalence of group A streptococcal disease in North and Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. e008646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dylan D Barth ◽  
Bongani M Mayosi ◽  
Ardil Jabar ◽  
Mark E Engel
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Systematic Review Protocol ◽  
Streptococcal Disease ◽  
Group A ◽  
Review Protocol ◽  
Sub Saharan

scholarly journals Reality or utopia: eradication of the AIDS epidemic in Guinea-Bissau by 2030

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (suppl 5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amiry Monteiro Sanca ◽  
Daila Alena Raenck da Silva ◽  
Cristianne Maria Famer Rocha ◽  
Deise Lisboa Riquinho
Keyword(s):  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Guinea Bissau ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Sociocultural Diversity ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Reflective Study ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
International Strategies

ABSTRACT Objectives: to reflect on the implementation of an integrated strategy to eradicate the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) epidemic in Guinea-Bissau by 2030. Methods: a reflective study. Reflection: Guinea-Bissau is a Portuguese-speaking country located in Sub-Saharan Africa, in constant political and economic instability. Among its characteristics are sociocultural diversity and high rates of morbidity and mortality from causes related to infection by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus. In the quest to eradicate the AIDS epidemic by 2030, instituted especially by the United Nations, it is noted that political and socio-cultural factors transformed eradication of the AIDS epidemic by 2030 into a utopia. Final Considerations: international strategies, although ambitious, are considered opportunities for countries to propose and build public policies capable of changing the existing reality.

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