scholarly journals Morphological, Molecular Characterization, Life Cycle And Age Specific Life Table Parameters of Coconut Rugose Spiralling Whitefly, Aleurodicus Rugioperculatus Martin: An Exotic Pest of India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elango Kolanthasamy ◽  
Jeyarajan Nelson ◽  
Thangavel Tamilnayagan
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Life Table ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Life Table Parameters ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Exotic Pest

Abstract The present study aimed at reporting the incidence of exotic pest on Coconut rugose spiralling whitefly, Aleurodicus rugioperculatus Martin in Tamil Nadu, India. The taxonomical, morphometric, molecular characterization, life cycle and age specific life table parameters of the exotic pest were studied on coconut during 2017-19. The results revealed that rugose spiralling whitefly (RSW) is an exotic and polyphagous in nature and had total life period of 56.33± 1.01 days which includes 6.9±0.88, 19.57±2.17, 10.9±0.78 and 26.00±2.34 days of egg, nymphal, pupal and adult period, respectively. The rugose spiralling whitefly male adult was 2.6300± 0.0596 mm in length and 2.1220± 0.0576 mm width and female adult were 3.1460± 0.0329 mm in length and 2.1654± 0.0246 mm width. A. rugioperculatus was bigger than other previously reported whiteflies in India. The operculum was wrinkled and having compound pores with dagger shaped axial pores. Ligula of A. rugioperculatus extended beyond vasiform orifice. The identity of the species was further confirmed through amplification of mitochondrial COI gene 249 bp was obtained for all the isolates which were sequenced. The sequenced DNA product was submitted to NCBI- Gen Bank (Accession No. MT540964, MT679537, MT679538, MT679539, MT679540 and MT682638). Since, it is a first study on the age specific life table parameters of A. rugioperculatus and the results revealed that the net reproductive rates (Ro) 24.08 females/female/generation, intrinsic rate of increase 0.0646/day, finite rate of Increase (λ) 1.066/ day, mean fecundity (F) 41.28 eggs/female and mean generation time (T) 49.25 days, respectively

Impact of citrus species on the biological characteristics and life table parameters of Eutetranychus orientalis (Klein) (Acari: Tetranychidae)

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kemal Yalçin ◽  
İsmail Döker ◽  
Cengiz Kazak
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Life Table ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Biological Characteristics ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Citrus Species ◽  
Life Table Parameters ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Host Plant Species ◽  
Rate Of Increase

Biological characteristics and life table parameters of Eutetranychus orientalis (Klein) were revealed on four different citrus species: grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macf. cv. Star Ruby), lemon (C. limon (L.) Burm. f. cv. Meyer), mandarin (C. reticulata Blanco cv. Okitsu) and orange (C. sinensis L. cv. Washington Navel) under laboratory conditions. Results show that oviposition period, fecundity, and life table parameters varied significantly depending on the host plant species. Furthermore, host plant species had little effect on immature development, except for the teleiochrysalis and total developmental period, which was significantly shorter on lemon (13.77 days for females, 12.67 days for males). Total mean numbers of eggs laid by E. orientalis was 15.92 on mandarin and 29.78 on lemon. In addition, intrinsic rate of increase (rm), net reproductive rate (R0), finite rate of increase (λ) and doubling time (DT) are 0.12 day–1, 10.41 ♀/♀, 1.13 day–1 and 5.59 days for lemon, 0.17 day–1, 22.36 ♀/♀, 1.19 day–1 and 4.04 days for grapefruit, respectively. However, shortest and longest mean generation times (To) were obtained at 18.26 days on orange and 19.37 days on grapefruit. Our results demonstrate that intergeneric differences of Citrus should be considered when determining E. orientalis population abundance and dynamics in field conditions.

Effect of induced resistance in bean plants on Tetranychus urticae life table parameters

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 1627
Author(s):  
Atefeh Dahmardeh ◽  
Malihe Latifi ◽  
Rohollah Saberi Riseh
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Life Table Parameters ◽  
Acid Complex ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Rate Of Increase

In this study the effects of soil application of potassium phosphite, amino acid complex, and biolog siderophoric on the life table parameters of Tetranychus urticae have been investigated on bean plants, under laboratory conditions. The results revealed significant differences in the total developmental times, oviposition periods, and fecundity of T. urticae among the treatments. The shortest total developmental time and longevity was observed in biolog siderophoric treatment. The intrinsic rate of increase, the net reproductive rate, the finite rate of increase and the mean generation times of T. urticae were remarkably different among the treatments and lower than in the control. The lowest values of these parameters were observed in the biolog siderophoric treatment, which suggests that this inducer could be employed toward a sustainable management of T. urticae.

scholarly journals The Effect of Prey Density on Life Table Parameters of Hippodamia variegata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) Fed on Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae) under Laboratory Conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soodeh Davoodi Dehkordi ◽  
Ahad Sahragard ◽  
Jalil Hajizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Prey Density ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Life Table Parameters ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Hippodamia Variegata ◽  
Preovipositional Period

Life table gives the most comprehensive explanation of the survivorship, development, and reproduction of a population. The life table parameters of ladybeetle, Hippodamia variegata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), on different densities (20, 40, 60, 80, and 100) of third instar nymphs of Aphis gossypii were studied in a growth chamber (°C, % RH, and a photoperiod of 16L: 8D h). The adult preovipositional period and the total preovipositional period of female H. variegata were reduced as the prey density increased. The oviposition period was longer when prey density increased. Female longevity also increased significantly with increasing prey density. Fecundity was dependent on prey density. The lowest fecundity was obtained at density of 20 prey () and the highest at density of 100 ( eggs). Intrinsic rate of increase was dependent on prey density and ranged from to  d−1 (female/female/day) with increasing prey density. Net reproductive rate and gross reproductive rate were also increased with increasing prey density. The peak reproductive values were dependent on prey density. However, mean generation time decreased as prey density increased. It was concluded that the increase in the density of A. gossypii nymphs had positive and significant effects on reproductive parameters of H. variegata.

scholarly journals The effects of some botanical insecticides and pymetrozine on life table parameters of silver leaf whitefly Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reihaneh Barati ◽  
Gholamreza Golmohammadi ◽  
Hamid Ghajarie ◽  
Mehdi Zarabi ◽  
Raziyeh Mansouri
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Bemisia Tabaci ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Botanical Insecticides ◽  
Reproduction Rate ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Life Table Parameters ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase

The objective of this research was to assess the effects of extracts of two medicinal plant species: Allium sativum (Linn) and Calotropis procera (Aiton), and a formulation containing azadirachtin on life table parameters of silver leaf whitefly (SLW), Bemisia tabaci biotype B (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), grown on greenhouse tomato plants. The effects were compared to that of pymetrozine, a synthetic insecticide. Bioassays were carried out in a greenhouse under controlled conditions of 27 ? 2?C, R.H. of 55 ? 5% and 16:8 h (L:D) photo period. All treatments significantly affected the survivorship and fertility of SLW female adults, reducing the net reproduction rate, mean generation time and intrinsic rate of increase of this insect. The net reproductive rate [R0] values for the populations treated with garlic extract, milkweed extract, pymetrozine, azadirachtin, control for extracts (ethanol + distilled water) and control for pesticides (distilled water) were 23.58, 19.32, 10.78, 8.23, 49.66, 57.55; the intrinsic rate of increases [rm] were 0.134, 0.139, 0.110, 0.090, 0.177, 0.178; the mean generation times [T] were 23.49, 21.23, 21.66, 23.50, 22.06, 22.69; the doubling times [DT] were 5.14, 4.95, 6.27, 7.56, 3.91, 3.87, and the finite rates of increase [?] were 1.144, 1.149, 1.116, 1.094, 1.193, 1.195, respectively. Azadirachtin had the highest effect on the life table parameters of SLW. Our findings indicated that, although herbal extracts were not effective as much as the chemical insecticides, they can be effective in pest control. Therefore, they are suitable choices for replacing chemical insecticides and for alternative use with azadirachtin in SLW IPM program.

Effect of temperature on life table parameters of Rhyncaphytoptus ficifoliae Keifer (Trombidiformes; Diptilomiopidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 1394-1405
Author(s):  
Fereshteh Bahirae ◽  
Shahriar Jafari ◽  
Parisa Lotfollahi ◽  
Jahanshir Shakarami
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Life Table Parameters ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Fig Trees ◽  
Increasing Temperature

Rhyncaphytoptus ficifoliae Keifer (Trombidiformes; Diptilomiopidae) is one of the important pests of fig trees that is widely distributed in fig orchards located in south-western Iran. The effect of six ambient temperatures (17, 20, 25, 30, 33 and 36°C) on life table parameters of R. ficifoliae was studied under laboratory conditions at 60±5% relative humidity and a photoperiod of 16: 8 h (L: D) on fig leaves. The life table parameters were estimated according to the age-stage, two-sex life table theory. In addition, the bootstrap technique was used for estimating the variances and standard errors of the population parameters. R. ficifoliae successfully developed and reproduced from 17 to 33°C, but the females reared at 36ºC laid a few eggs and died after several days. The longest and shortest total longevity of females were recorded at 25°C (48.50 days) and 33°C (14.33 days), respectively. The fecundity increased as temperature increased from 11.04 eggs at 17°C to 25.04 eggs at 25°C, then decreased and reached 12.44 eggs at 33°C. The lowest and highest values of the intrinsic rate of increase (r) were 0.043 and 0.234 day-1 that obtained at 17 and 30°C, respectively. The mean generation time (T) significantly decreased from 33.39 days to 9.63 days with increasing temperature from 17°C to 33°C. Our findings show that females reared at higher temperatures (>25°C) exhibit greater overall reproduction rates in comparison to lower temperatures.

scholarly journals Foliar Spraying Suitable Dosage of Silicon Fertilizer on Wheat Suppressed Inoculated Aphid Reproduction by Activating Plant Induced Defense Response

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuxiu Qi ◽  
Chang Wei ◽  
Fengming Yan ◽  
Zelong Zhang ◽  
Ying Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Life Table ◽  
Population Doubling ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Defense Enzymes ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Life Table Parameters ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract Background: Although the ability of silicon to induce plant resistance against some insect is known, it is still unknown that the effect of the different concentrations of silicon on activates the secondary defense system in wheat, and then influence the life cycle table of wheat aphids. In this experiment, different levels of silicon (Si) fertilizer was applied to change the secondary defense system of wheat, to study the impact on the life table parameters of aphid (Sitobion avenae F.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), and to explore the mechanism of Si application in enhancing wheat resistance to aphids. Wheat seedlings were cultured in a hydroponic experiment with the seven different levels of Si (0, 0.3, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 9 mmol/L). Results: Our findings indicated that the application of Si can suppress the net reproductive rate (R0), intrinsic rate of increase (rm), mean generation time (T), finite rate of increase (λ), and prolong the population doubling time (t) of aphid. Besides, aphid infection elicited immune responses in wheat, which was enhanced by Si: Between the treatments, a foliar application of Si improved the activity of four defense enzymes (PAL, PPO, CAT, LOX), and increased the content of signal transduction substances (JA, SA) and secondary metabolites (tannin, alkaloids, lignin, total phenolics and flavonoids). Moreover, the results of the correlation analysis showed that the concentration of Si in wheat was positively associated with the activities of defense enzymes and the concentrations of secondary metabolites and signal transduction substances. There was a significant positive correlation between the activities of four defense enzymes and the concentrations of secondary metabolites and signal transduction substances in wheat. Furthermore, the activities of defense enzymes, the concentrations of secondary metabolites and signal transduction substances and Si in wheat were negatively associated with the R0, T, rm, ƛ and positively related to the t of the life table parameters from the aphid. Conclusions: In conclusion, the current result suggested that the application of Si can increase the signal transduction pathway of wheat and regulate the secondary metabolism by influencing the concentration of Si in wheat. As a result, the application of Si affected the life table parameters of aphids and enhanced the resistance of wheat. Also that 3 mmol/L Si application was more beneficial to enhance the resistance of wheat than higher or lower concentrations. The application of Si in wheat might provide an important basis for pest management control.

scholarly journals Effects of Helicoverpa armigera Egg Age on Development, Reproduction, and Life Table Parameters of Trichogramma euproctidis

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 569
Author(s):  
Nazanin Atashi ◽  
Parviz Shishehbor ◽  
Ali Asghar Seraj ◽  
Arash Rasekh ◽  
Seyed Ali Hemmati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Helicoverpa Armigera ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Life Table Parameters ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
Helicoverpa Armígera ◽  
Augmentative Releases

The noctuid Helicoverpa armigera is an economically important pest of agricultural crops in Iran and other countries. Research is evaluating the capacity of Trichogramma parasitoids to control H. armigera populations on field crops. The objective of this research was to determine if young rather than old H. armigera eggs were optimal for Trichogramma euproctidis development, reproduction, and life table parameters. Bioassays involved exposing T. euproctidis mated females to H. armigera 14, 38, or 62 h old eggs within 24 h in laboratory arenas. Results indicated that the number of host eggs parasitized successfully by T. euproctidis decreased as host egg age increased. Host egg age had no significant effect on T. euproctidis adult emergence. Adults that developed in 14 h old eggs had greater longevity and fecundity than those that developed in 38 h or 62 h old eggs. The intrinsic rate of increase (r) was greatest, and the mean generation time (T) was lowest for T. euproctidis reared in 14 h old eggs. This study indicates that young H. armigera eggs are more suitable than old ones for T. euproctidis development and reproduction. This study is important because it provides evidence, for the first time, that T. euproctidis can utilize H. armigera as a rearing host. Using young rather than old host eggs could ensure the persistence of a T. euproctidis mass production system to support augmentative releases.

scholarly journals Demographic analysis of sublethal effects of spiromesifen on Neoseiulus californicus (Acari: Phytoseiidae)

Acarologia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 571-580
Author(s):  
Maryam Ghadim Mollaloo ◽  
Katayoon Kheradmand ◽  
Reza Sadeghi ◽  
Ali Aasghar Talebi
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Sublethal Effect ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Neoseiulus Californicus ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Life Table Parameters ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase

The sublethal effect of spiromesifen on life table parameters of Neoseiulus californicus McGregor (Acari: Phytoseiidae) was evaluated under laboratory conditions 25±1 °C, 65±5% RH and 16:8 (L:D) h. To take both sexes and the variable developmental rate among individuals into consideration, the raw data were analyzed based on the age stage, two sex life table. The estimated values of LC5, LC10 and LC15 for N. californicus are found to be 5.834, 9.529 and 13.267 ppm, respectively. The total preoviposition period of N. californicus treated with sublethal concentrations of spiromesifen was not significantly longer than for the control treatment. The minimum total fecundity was recorded for the LC15 concentration of spiromesifen (19.37 eggs/female) that was significantly different to the LC5 and control treatments. Compared with the control, the intrinsic rate of increase (r), finite rate of increase (λ), net reproductive rate (R0) and gross reproduction rates (GRR) of mites treated by the dose of the LC15 concentration, decreased significantly but the mean generation time (T) was not affected by this sublethal concentration. Our results indicated that increasing concentrations of spiromesifen had significant negative effects on life table parameters of N. californicus.These quantities should not be used in combination with N. californicus in integrated pest management programs in order to obtain optimal of biological control conclusions.

scholarly journals Biology and life-table of Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) athenas (Acari: Phytoseiidae) fed with the Old World Date Mite, Oligonychus afrasiaticus (Acari: Tetranychidae)

Acarologia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-61
Author(s):  
Samah Ben Chaaban ◽  
Brahim Chermiti ◽  
Serge Kreiter
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Old World ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Mean

The old world date mite Oligonychus afrasiaticus is an important spider mite pest of the date palms Phoenix dactylifera L. mostly in North Africa and the Middle East. A population of the predaceous mite Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) athenas has been recently found in Tunisia in association with a decrease of O. afrasiaticus densities. The objective of this paper was to assess the development and reproduction abilities of T. ( A.) athenas on O. afrasiaticus under laboratory conditions at two temperatures: 27 and 32 °C. The results obtained show that females of T. (A.) athenas develop in 5 days at 27 °C and 4.1 days at 32 °C. The mean fecundity of T. (A.) athenas was 32.1 and 23.2 eggs per female at 27 and 32 °C, respectively. Life table parameters were stimated: the net reproductive rate (Ro) 27.9 and 17.9 eggs/female, the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) 0.322 and 0,344 female/female/day and the mean generation time (T) 10.3 and 8.4 days at 27 and 32 °C, respectively. At both temperatures tested, T. (A.) athenas intrinsic rate of increase was greater than that of O. afrasiaticus (rm = 0.213 at 32 °C,against rm = 0.166 day1 at 27 °C). Typhlodromus (A.) athenas would be able to develop at a wide range of temperatures feeding on O. afrasiaticus and seems to be able to potentially control it.

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