Haematological Profiles of Pigs on Different Farms Reflect Their Health Status

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena Golinar Oven ◽  
Alenka Nemec Svete ◽  
Melita Hajdinjak ◽  
Jan Plut ◽  
Marina Stukelj
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
White Blood Cell ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin

Abstract BackgroundHaematological examination is an important diagnostic tool in the assessment of pig health status. The present study aimed to assess haematological parameters in pigs of different age categories from six farrow-to-finish farms differing in herd health status. The following pig categories were included: 5 age groups of growers (5, 7, 9–10, 11 and 12–13 weeks-old), fatteners and breeding pregnant sows. Individual blood samples for determining complete blood count and white blood cell differential count were taken and group samples of oral fluid and faeces were collected from each animal category in each of the six farms and tested for the detection of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (PCV2), Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Virus (PRRSV), and Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) using PCR, RT-PCR, and qRT-PCR protocols. Individual blood samples were analysed using an automated laser-based haematology analyser. The following haematological parameters were reported: white blood cell count (WBC), red blood cell count (RBC), haemoglobin concentration (Hb), haematocrit (Hct), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), platelet count (PLT), and percentage and number of neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils, and "large unstained cells" - LUCs. ResultsOn farms free of PRRSV, PCV2 and HEV, age had significant effect on the following parameters: WBC, Hb, MCH, MCHC, PLT, percentage of neutrophils, lymphocytes and eosinophils and absolute numbers of neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, basophils and LUCs. On farms with PRRS, PCV2 and/or HEV, age significantly affected all observed blood parameters except the percentage of LUCs. The percentages of lymphocytes, MCV and Hct were significantly lower by PRRSV while WBC, PLT, percentage and absolute number of neutrophils, basophils and LUCs increased. Significantly lower percentages of lymphocytes and increased percentages and absolute numbers of neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils were caused by PCV2 presence. Significantly lower percentage of lymphocytes and MCV and increased RBC, Hb, percentage and number of basophils and percentage of neutrophils were caused by HEV. Conclusions Alterations of haematological parameters reflected the health status of pigs of different categories on infected and on non-infected farms. Age-related changes in haematological parameters occurred in clinically healthy and in infected pigs.

scholarly journals Effects of Aqueous Root Bark Extracts of Anogeissus leiocarpus (DC) Guill & Perr and Terminalia avicennioides Guill & Perr on Redox and Haematological Parameters of Diethylnitrosamine-Administered Rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
Amadu Kayode Salau ◽  
◽  
Musa Toyin Yakubu ◽  
Adenike Temidayo Oladiji ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Anogeissus Leiocarpus

Background: This study investigated the protective effects of aqueous extracts of Anogeissus leiocarpus (DC) Guill & Perr (Combretaceae) and Terminalia avicennioides Guill & Perr (Combretaceae) root barks, as well as their 1:1 (w/w) mixture on liver redox and haematological parameters of diethylnitrosamine-treated rats. Methods: Rats were orally administered distilled water, diethylnitrosamine (30 mg/kg body weight once a week on weeks 3 and 4), curcumin (200 mg/kg body weight), extracts and 1:1 mixture (200, 400 and 800 mg/kg body weight) for 4 weeks. Malondialdehyde, markers of oxidative stress and hematological indices were evaluated. Results: The extracts and their mixture significantly (P<0.05) reversed the diethylnitrosamine-induced alterations in the levels of liver malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glutathione, vitamin C and platelet counts. The other haematological parameters (red blood cell count, haemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, white blood cell count, lymphocyte count and neutrophil count) were not affected by diethylnitrosamine and extracts. Conclusion: The extracts possess antioxidant, hepatoprotective and haemoprotective activities that compared well with curcumin. These activities were better exhibited by the mixture than the individual extracts.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Anaplasma ovis and its effects on haematology of apparently healthy Sahel goats in Maiduguri, Nigeria: A Preliminary study

2018 ◽  
pp. 53-57
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Anaplasma Ovis ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Introduction: Anaplasma ovis is an intraerythrocytic rickettsial pathogen that causes clinical symptoms and huge economic losses in flocks. This study was designed to determine the prevalence and effects of Anaplasma ovis on the haematology of apparently healthy Sahel goats in Maiduguri. Methods: Blood samples were randomly collected from one hundred (100) Sahel goats from both farm and abattoir in the study area. Parasitological and haematological analyses were carried out on the collected samples using a standard technique. Results: Out of 100 goats sampled, seven (7) were positive with an overall prevalence of 7%. The prevalence was higher in the male 5 (5%) than in the female 2 (2%) with no significant association between sexes (p > 0.05). The haematological parameters of infected and uninfected goats were within normal range except for mean corpuscular volume (MCV) of infected goats. The MCV of infected and uninfected goats varied significantly (p < 0.05) while the packed cell volume, haemoglobin concentration, red blood cell count, white blood cell count, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration and mean corpuscular haemoglobin of infected and uninfected goats were not significantly (p > 0.05) affected. Significance: Natural infection in apparently healthy goats in Maiduguri was found not to have an obvious effect on the haematology of the infected animals. There is a need for prevention and control programs against this pathogen in the study area. This, when carried out, will improve the production potential of these animals and economic well-being of the owners.

scholarly journals Zinc ameliorates lead toxicity by reducing body Pb burden and restoring Pb-induced haematological and biochemical derangements

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 239784732095656
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Ike Ugwuja ◽  
Nweze Vincent ◽  
Ikechukwu C Ikaraoha ◽  
Samuel R Ohayi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Lead Toxicity ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Biochemical Analyses

Background: Studies on nutritional factors, including zinc in ameliorating the deleterious effects of potentially toxic elements have been scarce and the findings have been inconsistent. Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the ameliorative potential of zinc against lead-induced toxicity in rats. Materials and methods: Male albino rats (n = 24) assigned into four groups of six/group: normal control (NC), zinc control (ZnC; 20 mg/kg ZnCl2), lead control (PbC; 50 mg/kg PbCl2) and lead plus zinc (Pb + Zn; 50 mg/kg PbCl2 plus 20 mg/kg ZnCl2), respectively were investigated. All administrations were through oral route and lasted for 42 days after which blood samples were collected for haematological and biochemical analyses using standard techniques. Results: Results showed that packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin concentration (HBC), red blood cell count (RBC) were significant (p < 0.05) reduced while total white blood cell count (TWBC), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and platelets were significantly elevated in PbC group in comparison with NC and ZnC. Also liver and renal function parameters as well as the liver and kidney malondialdehyde (MDA) were elevated while antioxidant enzymes; catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced in PbC group in comparison with NC and ZnC. Concentrations of lead were in the order: blood > liver > kidney in the PbC group. In addition to restoration of the altered parameters, administration of zinc in Pb + Zn group significantly reduced the raised lead concentrations in the plasma and organs. Conclusion: Reduction in body Pb burden and restoration of Pb-induced derangements in haematological and biochemical parameters by Zn strongly support the ameliorative property of Zn against Pb-induced toxicity.

scholarly journals Altered Haematological Variables of Pre-Eclamptic Patients in University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 56-64
Author(s):  
Stella B. Egbe ◽  
Patience A. Akpan ◽  
Euphoria C. Akwiwu ◽  
Josephine O. Akpotuzor
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Platelet Count ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin

Pre-eclampsia is a gestational complication with immense outcomes on foetal/ infant and maternal health. This study assessed haematological variables of pre-eclamptic pregnant women receiving antenatal care at University of Calabar Teaching Hospital (UCTH), Calabar. Following due ethical considerations, 90 subjects aged 18-45 years were enrolled. They comprised 30 pre-eclamptic patients admitted into the antenatal ward, UCTH; 30 pregnant women with no medical condition attending antenatal clinic, UCTH and 30 apparently healthy non-pregnant women of same age range as control subjects. Weight, height and blood pressure were measured while a pre-tested structured questionnaire was used to obtain demographic data. Packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin (HB), red blood cell count (RBC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), white blood cell count (WBC) with differentials, platelet count and mean platelet volume (MPV) were determined using Sysmex Haematology autoanalyzer (Sysmex, Japan). Significantly lower (p<0.05) PCV, HB, MCV and platelet count were recorded among pre-eclamptic patients compared to the pregnant and non-pregnant controls. Conversely, body mass index, blood pressures, MCHC, WBC and MPV of pre-eclamptic patients were significantly higher (p<0.05) compared to pregnant and non-pregnant controls. There were also significant differences (p<0.05) in RBC and differential white cell count among the three groups. Also, we observed appearance of protein in urine associated with increased blood pressure. It is concluded that haematological changes occur in pre-eclampsia and these changes reflect the bodys response to systemic inflammation induced by pregnancy and amplified by the presence of hypertension.

scholarly journals Effect of an 1800 MHz electromagnetic field emitted during embryogenesis on the blood picture of one-day-old domestic hen chicks (Gallus gallus domesticus)

2018 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Pawlak ◽  
Bartosz Bojarski ◽  
Zenon Nieckarz ◽  
Marcin Lis ◽  
Tomasz Wojnar
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Blood Picture ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Red Blood Cell Count ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Domestic Hen

Exposure to artificial electromagnetic fields emitted mainly by mobile telephony has been steadily increasing with the development of modern technology. Haematological indices are among the most common indicators of the body’s physiological status. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of an 1800 MHz electromagnetic field emission on the blood picture of one-day-old domestic hen chicks. During the experiment, chick embryos were exposed to artificial electromagnetic fields throughout incubation for 13 ´ 2 min/day, 4 ´ 10 min/day and 1 ´ 40 min/day. After hatching, blood was collected from 10 one-day-old chicks from each group to determine: red blood cell count, haemoglobin concentration, haematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, white blood cell count, and leukocyte differential count. In addition, the heterophil/lymphocyte ratio was calculated. The present study is probably the first to show an increase in the red blood cell count, haemoglobin concentration, haematocrit, white blood cell count, segmented heterophils and the heterophil/lymphocyte ratio, and a decrease in lymphocyte percentage of embryos exposed to an 1800 MHz electromagnetic field. The observed changes may be indicative of the stress-inducing effect of EMF on living organisms.

scholarly journals A molecular and haematological study of Theileria equi in Balkan donkeys

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dajana Davitkov ◽  
Darko Davitkov ◽  
Milos Vucicevic ◽  
Ljubodrag Stanisic ◽  
Milena Radakovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Positive Sample ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Theileria Equi ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Equine Piroplasmosis ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin

Equine piroplasmosis in donkeys has been recognised as a serious problem of major economic importance. The present molecular study is the first investigation of the presence of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi in Balkan donkeys and of the possible haematological alterations related to it. A total of 70 apparently healthy donkeys from Serbia were included in this study. The overall prevalence of T. equi infection in donkeys tested with multiplex PCR was 50%. There was no B. caballi-positive sample. Infections in donkeys included in this study seem to be associated with decreased red blood cell count, haemoglobin concentration, haematocrit and platelet count, and with increased white blood cell count, mean corpuscular haemoglobin and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration. Altered haematological parameters in donkeys can lead to a decrease in working capacity and production performance. Further molecular research and long-term monitoring of equine piroplasmosis is needed in Serbia and throughout Europe.

scholarly journals Correlation between normal glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase level and haematological parameters

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 391-395
Author(s):  
S. K. Ajlaan ◽  
L. M. Al Naama ◽  
M. M. Al Naama
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
White Blood Cell Count ◽  
White Blood Cell ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

The study involved 143 individuals and aimed to correlate normal glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase [G6PD]level with haematological parameters. A statistically significant negative correlation was found between G6PD level and haemoglobin, packed cell volume, red blood cell count, mean corpuscular haemoglobin and mean corpuscular volume. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between G6PD level and white blood cell count and reticulocyte count, but no significant correlation was found between G6PD level and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration. The negative correlation between G6PD level and haemoglobin suggests that anaemic people have higher G6PD levels than normal individuals. The positive correlation between G6PD level and white blood cell count indicates that white blood cells may play an important role in contributing to G6PD level

scholarly journals Stability of Commonly Used Hematological Parameters in Samples Stored at 33°C, 22°C and 4°C

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashish Jain ◽  
Sanchit Jain ◽  
Neha Singh ◽  
Priyanka Aswal ◽  
Shweta Pal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
White Blood Cell Count ◽  
White Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Platelet Counts ◽  
Red Blood Cell Count ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin

AbstractAimThis study aimed to investigate the analytical bias and imprecision in haematological parameters induced by storage at 4°C, 22°C and 33 °C.MethodsThree K2EDTA anticoagulated vials of blood were collected from each of twenty blood donors and stored at 4°C, 22°C and 33°C respectively. Readings from each vial were taken at 0, 4, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours after collection on the Sysmex XP-100 analyser. The mean and median shift of the parameters relative to the baseline and the coefficient of variation for each time-temperature combination were calculated. The shift was compared to the maximum acceptable bias.ResultsHaemoglobin, Red Blood Cell Count, White Blood Cell Count, Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin were stable for at least twenty four hours at 33°C. Haematocrit, Mean Corpuscular Volume and Platelet Counts were stable for less than four hours at 33°C. All the above parameters were stable for longer at 22°C and 4°C. The three-part differential count showed instability within four hours at 33 °C.ConclusionsStrict pre-analytical control is needed at 33°C or above due to the marked instability of most parameters. However, Haemoglobin, Red Blood Cell Count, White Blood Cell Count and Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin remain relatively stable even at 33°C.Key MessageHaematology samples exposed to temperatures of 33°C or above show rapid change in MCV, HCT,MCHC, RDW, Platelet Counts and three-part differential counts. Settings where prolonged exposure to these temperatures cannot be avoided should rely on the more stable parameters of Haemoglobin, RBC Counts, MCH and WBC Counts.

Hematology of Wild Allied Rock-Wallabies, Petrogale-Assimilis Ramsay, 1877 (Marsupialia, Macropodidae), in North Queensland

1992 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 355 ◽  
Author(s):  
PBS Spencer ◽  
R Speare
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Red Blood Cell Count ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin

The haematology of a colony of wild allied rock-wallabies, Petrogale assimilis Ramsay, 1877, from north-western Queensland was studied for 20 months. Wallabies were repeatedly trapped at monthly intervals and 511 blood samples from 96 animals were examined, making this the most comprehensive study of the haematology of any macropod species. The morphology of the red blood cells and leucocytes was similar to those of other marsupials. Large and small lymphocytes were recognised. Binucleate lymphocytes were found in 7.2% of blood smears. Normal haematological values were within the published ranges for other marsupials. However, the average white blood cell count (mean +/- s.e.: 9.03 +/- 0.92 X 10(9) L-1) was close to the upper end of the range for macropods. The normal (mean +/- s.e.) red blood cell count (5.24 + 0.15 X 10(12) L-1), packed cell volume (0.4291 +/- 0.019 L L-1) and haemoglobin concentration (14.07 +/- 0.41 g dL-1) of male wallabies were higher than those of females (4.79 +/- 0.15 X 10(12) L-1, 0.3952 +/- 1.19 L L-1, and 12.95 +/- 0.41 g dL-1, respectively). No gender differences were detected in the white blood cell count (9.03 +/- 0.92 x 10(9) L-1), mean corpuscular volume (82.28 +/- 1.35 fL), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (26.98 +/- 0.57 pg) or mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (32.82 +/- 0.57 g L 1). The red blood cell count, packed cell volume, haemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration and the absolute neutrophil count in juveniles and subadults increased with age. The neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio was less than 1.0 in pouch young and approached 1.0 in adults. The red blood cell count, packed cell volume and haemoglobin concentration of lactating females did not vary with age of pounch young.

scholarly journals Confounding influences of malnutrition and Plasmodium falciparum and Schistosoma haematobium infections on haematological parameters in school children in Muyuka, Cameroon

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Ule Ngole Sumbele ◽  
Ofon Vitalis Otia ◽  
Lorraine Francis ◽  
Orelien Sylvain Mtopi Bopda ◽  
Calvin Bisong Ebai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Schistosoma Haematobium ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Malaria Parasites ◽  
Mean Cell Volume ◽  
Distribution Width

Abstract Background School-aged children (SAC) are a high-risk demographic group for infectious diseases and malnutrition. The objective of this study was to assess the burden and the effect of Plasmodium falciparum and Schistosoma haematobium infections on the haematological indices in SAC and the confounding influence of malnutrition on the outcomes. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in SAC 4–14 years old living in Ikata, Bafia and Mile 14-Likoko in Muyuka, Cameroon. Anthropometric measures of malnutrition were obtained and blood samples collected were used for detection of malaria parasites by Giemsa-stained blood films using light microscopy and complete blood count analysis using an automated haematology analyser. Urine samples collected were used to detect micro haematuria with the aid of reagent strips and the eggs of S. haematobium by urine filtration technique. Multiple linear regression model was used to examine influence of independent variables on haematological parameters. Results Out of the 606 SAC examined, the prevalence of single infections with Plasmodium or S. haematobium and co-infection with both parasites was 16.2, 16.3 and 8.3%, respectively. Overall, malaria parasite (MP), urogenital schistosomiasis, malnutrition, anaemia, haematuria, microcytosis and thrombocytopenia was prevalent in 24.4, 24.6, 25.9, 74.4, 12.2, 45.4 and 11.1% of SAC, respectively. A significant linear decline (P = 0.023) in prevalence of P. falciparum infection with the severity of stunting was observed. Factors that significantly influenced haematological parameters included haemoglobin: age, stunting and MP; haematocrit: age and MP; white blood cell count: age; red blood cell count; age and MP; lymphocyte counts: stunting; mean cell volume: age; mean cell haemoglobin: age and stunting; mean cell haemoglobin concentration: sex, stunting and red cell distribution width-coefficient of variation: sex, age and stunting. Conclusions Malnutrition, Plasmodium and S. haematobium infections are common while anaemia is a severe public health problem in Muyuka, Cameroon. The interaction between haematological parameters with malaria parasites as well as linear growth index was negative and other interactions indicate systemic inflammation. While findings provide contextual intervention targets to ensure the judicious use of the limited resources, there is need for regular monitoring and proper treatment to improve the health of the underserved population.

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