scholarly journals Antiphospholipid Antibodies in Patients with Covid-19: Trend Over Time

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Mancuso ◽  
Simona Truglia ◽  
Maurizio Sorice ◽  
Cristiano Alessandri ◽  
Flavia Pasquali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiphospholipid Antibodies ◽  
Lupus Anticoagulant ◽  
Anticardiolipin Antibodies ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Glycoprotein I ◽  
D Dimer ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Purpose Aim of the study was to investigate whether aPL positivity correlated with thrombosis in COVID-19 patients and whether it was transient or persistent. Methods We enrolled COVID-19 patients who underwent aPL tests: Lupus Anticoagulant (LA); IgM, IgG, IgA anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL); and IgM, IgG anti-β2-Glycoprotein-I antibodies (aβ2GPI). Results Twenty-eight out of 73 (38.4%) patients resulted positive for at least one aPL assay: 32.8% for IgA aCL, 6.8% for IgM aCL and 4.1% for IgM aβ2GPI. No patients tested positive for IgG aPL or LA at the first determination. Seven (9.6%) patients developed thrombotic events during hospitalization, with 4 of them resulting positive for aPL. In patients with thrombotic events during hospitalization the risk of death was increased 9-fold (LR+8.9, p=0.003). Patients with double positivity for aCL and aβ2GPI IgM had a LR+ of 6.3 to have thrombotic events (p=0.012) and a LR+ of 4.9 to have elevated D-dimer levels (p=0.027). In 10 out of 28 positive patients, aPL was detected in a second occasion at least 12-weeks apart and two patients confirmed the positivity. Conclusion Results suggest that double positivity for aCL and aβ2GPI IgM increases the risk of thrombosis in COVID-19, unlike IgA aCL positivity. APL positivity may be persistent, and it is advisable to monitor it over time.

scholarly journals Hemostasis system and immunomorphologic state of placenta under presence of antiphospholipid antibodies in plasma with consideration of their class and pregnancy outcome

2004 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
N. G. Kosheleva ◽  
L. В. Zubzhitskaia ◽  
О. N. Arzhanova ◽  
О. V. Tyshkevich ◽  
Y. Gromyko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Outcome ◽  
Antiphospholipid Antibodies ◽  
Lupus Anticoagulant ◽  
Recurrent Miscarriage ◽  
Anticardiolipin Antibodies ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Hemostasis System ◽  
Autoimmune Antibodies ◽  
Glycoprotein I ◽  
Tissue Damages

The present study was undertaken to investigate hemostasis system of 197 women with recurrent miscarriage: Analysis placentas by immunomorphology are studied of 41 women and of 52 women with autoimmune antibodies to 2-glycoprotein-I (2-GPI) in placenta. There was exposed hyperactivation platelets blood of all women with antiphospholipid antibodies irrespective of groups with significantly was increased at the beginning of pregnancy and progressed with growing gestation. As result of investigation it is determined certain connection between outcome of pregnancy and activation degree platelets blood in vasculars. Was found absence influence anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) on plasmocoagulative link hemostasis. The circulation of lupus anticoagulant (LA) was accompanied indication of hypercoagulation. In all research groups was determined significant oppression of fibrinolisis. Analysis placentas by immunomorphology was determined significantly tissue damages with LA and 2-GPI-dependent aCL.

Anticardiolipin Antibodies Block the Inhibition by β2-Glycoprotein I of the Factor Xa Generating Activity of Platelets

1993 ◽  
Vol 70 (02) ◽  
pp. 342-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Shi ◽  
Beng H Chong ◽  
Philip J Hogg ◽  
Colin N Chesterman
Keyword(s):  
Antiphospholipid Antibodies ◽  
Lupus Anticoagulant ◽  
Fetal Loss ◽  
Factor Xa ◽  
Anticardiolipin Antibodies ◽  
Recurrent Fetal Loss ◽  
Glycoprotein I ◽  
Activated Platelets ◽  
Inhibit Factor

SummaryAntiphospholipid antibodies, defined either by lupus anticoagulant (LA) activity or positive anticardiolipin immunoabsorbent assay (ACA) are associated with a predisposition to thromboses, recurrent fetal loss or thrombocytopenia. The mechanisms for these predispositions remain undefined. We have enriched immunoglobulin fractions from two patient plasmas to obtain antibodies with LA activity but no ACA, or conversely, with ACA positivity but no LA, in order to investigate in vitro characteristics which might explain a thrombotic propensity. β2-glycoprotein I (β2-GPI), the plasma cofactor required for ACA binding to negatively charged phospholipid, has previously been shown to inhibit prothrombinase generation in the presence of activated platelets (8). We now report that β2-GPI, at physiological concentrations, inhibits the generation of factor Xa in the presence of activated gel-filtered platelets. Further, ACA interferes with this inhibition, resulting in protracted, unopposed factor Xa generation. This interference with β2-GPI, a natural anticoagulant component of plasma, is potentially prothrombotic. LA immunoglobulins behave differently and inhibit factor Xa generation in a manner similar to β2-GPI. These findings provide the basis for a previously unsuspected mechanism for thrombosis in patients with aPL.

Antiphosphatidylethanolamine antibodies and the antiphospholipid syndrome

Lupus ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 920-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Sanmarco ◽  
M-C Boffa
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Antiphospholipid Syndrome ◽  
Antiphospholipid Antibodies ◽  
Lupus Anticoagulant ◽  
Anticardiolipin Antibodies ◽  
Anionic Phospholipids ◽  
Glycoprotein I ◽  
Antiphosphatidylethanolamine Antibodies

The antiphospholipid antibodies included as laboratory criteria of the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) are antibodies reacting with anionic phospholipids – anticardiolipin antibodies and lupus anticoagulant – and with β2-glycoprotein I. However, antibodies reacting with phosphatidylethanolamine (aPE), a zwitterionic phospholipid, have also been described to be associated with the main features of APS. The objectives of this review are to describe the characteristics of aPE and to bring attention to recent evidence that aPE are correlated with the main clinical features of APS, notably, in the absence of the laboratory criteria of this syndrome.

The Clinical Relevance of Noncriteria Antiphospholipid Antibodies

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (05) ◽  
pp. 453-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Sanna ◽  
Maria Bertolaccini
Keyword(s):  
Antiphospholipid Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Antiphospholipid Antibodies ◽  
Lupus Anticoagulant ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Anticardiolipin Antibodies ◽  
Coagulation Cascade ◽  
Glycoprotein I

AbstractWhile lupus anticoagulant (LA), anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL), anti-β2 glycoprotein I (anti-β2GPI) antibodies represent the best available and the most widely used tests in the investigation for antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), evidence gathered in recent years indicates that other antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) specificities may also play a role in the syndrome. Several autoantibodies have been shown to be complexed with phospholipids other than cardiolipin, or to some domains of β2GPI, or else directed to other proteins of the coagulation cascade, and these have also been proposed to be of relevance to APS, and their diagnostic value and clinical utility are the focus of current research.

Central Nervous System Infections

2016 ◽  
pp. 453-460
Author(s):  
Pritish K. Tosh ◽  
M. Rizwan Sohail
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Antiphospholipid Antibodies ◽  
Arterial Thrombosis ◽  
Lupus Anticoagulant ◽  
Anticardiolipin Antibodies ◽  
Central Nervous System Infections ◽  
Glycoprotein I

Thrombophilia refers to the tendency for thromboembolism (ie, having risk factors for thromboembolism), which may be inherited or acquired. The presence of increasing numbers of risk factors further increases the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Antiphospholipid antibodies (lupus anticoagulant, anticardiolipin antibodies, and anti–β‎2-glycoprotein I antibodies) and hyperhomocysteinemia are risk factors not only for VTE but also for arterial thrombosis.

Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome

2011 ◽  
Vol 135 (9) ◽  
pp. 1092-1096 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikhil A Sangle ◽  
Kristi J Smock
Keyword(s):  
Antiphospholipid Antibodies ◽  
Lupus Anticoagulant ◽  
Protein Complexes ◽  
Anticardiolipin Antibodies ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Antiphospholipid Antibody ◽  
Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome ◽  
Pregnancy Morbidity ◽  
Glycoprotein I ◽  
Laboratory Results

Antiphospholipid antibodies are directed against phospholipid-protein complexes and include lupus anticoagulant, anticardiolipin antibodies, and anti–beta-2 glycoprotein I antibodies. Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome is a common cause of acquired thrombophilia and is characterized by venous or arterial thromboembolism or pregnancy morbidity and the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies. Antibodies should be demonstrable on at least 2 occasions separated by 12 weeks. Heterogeneity of the autoantibodies and absence of gold standard assays makes interpretation of laboratory results a challenge for both laboratorians and clinicians. This review discusses the key laboratory and clinical aspects of antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. Particular focus is given to lupus anticoagulant detection, in view of recently updated laboratory guidelines.

scholarly journals Antiphospholipid Antibodies in Iraqi Women with Recurrent Mid-Trimester Abortions

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (02) ◽  
pp. 078-082
Author(s):  
Amel AA Al-Samarrai ◽  
Ferial A Hilmi ◽  
Nasir AS Al-Allawi ◽  
Amal F Murad
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Antiphospholipid Antibodies ◽  
Lupus Anticoagulant ◽  
Fetal Loss ◽  
Anticardiolipin Antibodies ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Trimester Abortion ◽  
History Of ◽  
Iraqi Women ◽  
Kaolin Clotting Time

ABSTRACT Purpose: Antiphospholipid antibodies are often associated with recurrent pregnancy loss, and although many studies have addressed this association in Western countries, such studies are not so frequent from developing countries. The current study aims to determine the frequency of Antiphospholipid antibodies (Anticardiolipin antibodies and Lupus anticoagulant) among Iraqi women with recurrent mid-trimester abortions and to evaluate various tests used for their detection. Materials and Methods: Two hundred women with recurrent mid-trimester abortions were randomly enrolled from a main referral center in Baghdad-Iraq. The enrollees had their IgG and IgM anticardiolipin antibodies assayed by ELISA, and Lupus anticoagulant by a combination of the following screening tests: Activated Partial Thromboplastine Time (APTT), and Partial Thromboplastine Time-LA (PTT-LA), Kaolin Clotting Time (KCT) and confirmation was made by Hexagonal phospholipid neutralization test. Results: The women were aged between 19 and 45 years (median 30 years). Fifty three (26.5%) had one or both anticardiolipin antibodies present, while 27 (13.5%) were positive for lupus anticoagulant. The KCT and KCT index appeared to be the most sensitive tests, while the KCT index and APTT were the most specific for Lupus anticoagulant. Patients with antiphospholipid antibodies had higher rates of history of thrombosis, thrombocytopenia and family history of recurrent abortion (P = 0.0009, 0.0056 and 0.0003 respectively). Conclusions: Antiphospholipid antibodies constitute an important cause of recurrent mid-trimester abortion in Iraqi women, with frequencies intermediate between Western and Indian reports. While thrombocytopenia and thrombosis are well documented associations of antiphospholipid antibodies, the significant association with family history of recurrent fetal loss is intriguing and requires further scrutiny.

Correlation between antiphospholipid antibodies that recognize domain I of β2-glycoprotein I and a reduction in the anticoagulant activity of annexin A5

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
pp. 1490-1494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bas de Laat ◽  
Xiao-Xuan Wu ◽  
Menno van Lummel ◽  
Ronald H. W. M. Derksen ◽  
Philip G. de Groot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiphospholipid Antibodies ◽  
Lupus Anticoagulant ◽  
Anticoagulant Activity ◽  
Annexin A5 ◽  
Anionic Phospholipids ◽  
Glycoprotein I ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Domain I ◽  
American Authors

Abstract The paradoxical correlation between thrombosis and the lupus anticoagulant (LAC) effect is an enigmatic feature of the antiphospholipid (aPL) syndrome. The Dutch authors previously reported that thrombosis-related anti–β2-glycoprotein I (β2GPI) antibodies recognize domain I and cause LAC. The American authors reported that aPLs disrupt an anticoagulant annexin A5 (AnxA5) crystal shield. We investigated whether antidomain I antibodies correlate with disruption of AnxA5-anticoagulant activity. We studied a well-characterized group of 33 patients including subgroups with β2GPI-dependent LAC that recognize domain I (n = 11), with β2GPI-independent LAC (n = 12), and lacking LAC (n = 10). The effects on AnxA5-anticoagulant activity were determined with an AnxA5 resistance assay that measures coagulation times with and without AnxA5. Patients with β2GPI-dependent LAC (group A, all with thrombosis) had significantly lower AnxA5-anticoagulant ratios than those with β2GPI-independent LAC (group B, thrombosis n = 4; 157.8% versus 235.6%, P < .001) and those without LAC (group C, thrombosis n = 2; 157.8% versus 232.5%, P < .001). There was no difference in the ratios between groups B and C (P = .92). Plasmas with β2GPI-dependent LAC that recognize domain I displayed significantly increased AnxA5 resistance, suggesting that specifically anti-β2GPI antibodies compete with AnxA5 for anionic phospholipids. These results are consistent with a model in which aPL antibodies may promote thrombosis by interfering with the anticoagulant activity of AnxA5.

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