scholarly journals Effect of a Taped Filter Mask on Perceived Breathlessness, Heart Rate, Lactate and Oxygen Saturation During a Graded Exercise Test

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoi Lam Ng ◽  
Johannes Trefz ◽  
Martin Schönfelder ◽  
Henning Wackerhage
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Exercise Test ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Peripheral Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Graded Exercise Test ◽  
Graded Exercise ◽  
The Face

Abstract Background: Face masks are an effective, non-pharmacological strategy to reduce the transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and other pathogens. However, it is a challenge to keep masks sealed during exercise, as ventilation can increase from 5-10 L/min at rest to up to 200 L/min so that masks may be blown away from the face. To reduce leakage e.g. during exercise, a face mask was developed that is taped onto the face. The aim of this study was to investigate during a graded cycle ergometry test the effect of a taped mask on the perception of breathlessness, heart rate, lactate, and oxygen saturation when compared to a surgical mask and no mask.Methods: Four trained and healthy males and females each (n=8 in total) performed incremental cycle ergometer tests until voluntary exhaustion under three conditions: (1) No mask/control, (2) surgical mask or (3) taped mask. During these tests, we measured perception of breathlessness, heart rate, the concentration of blood lactate and peripheral oxygen saturation and analysed the resultant data with one or two-way repeated measures ANOVAs. We also used a questionnaire to evaluate mask comfort and analysed the data with paired t-tests. Results: When compared to wearing no mask, a taped face mask significantly reduces the maximal workload in a graded exercise test by 12±6% (p=0.001). Moreover, with a taped face mask, subjects perceive severe breathlessness at 12±9% lower workload (p=0.012) and oxygen saturation at 65% of the maximal workload is 1.5% lower (p=0.018) when compared to wearing no mask. Heart rate and the concentration of lactate were not significantly different at any workload. When compared to wearing a surgical mask, wearing a taped face mask has a significantly better wearing comfort (p=0.038), feels better on the skin (p=0.004), there is a lower sensation of moisture (p=0.026) and wearers perceive that less heat is generated (p=0.021). We found no sex/gender differences for any parameters. Conclusions: A taped mask is well tolerated during light and moderate exercise intensity but reduces maximal exercise capacity.

Heart Rate Recovery in Healthy-Weight and Obese Children Following a Maximal Graded Exercise Test

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Easley ◽  
W. Scott Black ◽  
Alison L. Bailey ◽  
Terry Lennie ◽  
Kelly D. Bradley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Exercise Test ◽  
Heart Rate Recovery ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Graded Exercise Test ◽  
Graded Exercise

scholarly journals Autonomic cardiovascular response during and after a graded exercise test in concussed athletes and healthy controls

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 205970022110448
Author(s):  
Alessandra Ventura ◽  
Fausto Romano ◽  
Mario Bizzini ◽  
Antonella Palla ◽  
Nina Feddermann
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Exercise Test ◽  
Cardiovascular Response ◽  
Heart Rate Recovery ◽  
Exercise Intolerance ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Graded Exercise Test ◽  
Graded Exercise

Objective Dysfunction of the autonomic cardiovascular system after a concussion is known to cause exercise intolerance due to symptoms exacerbation. The aim of this study was to compare athletes with symptoms of a sport-related concussion and healthy controls with regard to their heart rate during a graded exercise test and their heart rate recovery during the 5 min cool-down after the graded exercise test. Methods Sport-related concussion patients ( N = 61; 31% female) and controls ( N = 16; 50% female) participated in a graded exercise test on a cycle ergometer followed by 5 min active cool-down. Based on the results of graded exercise tests they were divided into four groups: (1) patients who reached the symptom threshold and had to stop the graded exercise test (symptom threshold; N = 39; 33.3% female), (2) patients with symptoms who finished the graded exercise test (S; N = 16; 25% female), (3) patients without symptoms (NS; N = 6; 33.3% female), (4) controls ( N = 16; 50% female). Main outcome measures Heart rate, severity of headache and dizziness during graded exercise test, heart rate recovery (median (heart rate recoveries/maximal heart rate) ± median absolute deviation (MAD)) 30, 60 and 300 s after the start of cool-down. Results Heart rate recovery at 30 s was significantly slower in symptom (0.95 ± 0.01) compared to all other groups ( p < 0.002; symptom threshold: 0.92 ± 0.02, NS: 0.91 ± 0.02, controls: 0.93 ± 0.02). Heart rate recovery at 60 s was significantly slower in symptom (0.90 ± 0.02) compared to the symptom threshold and controls ( p < 0.041; 0.86 ± 0.03, 0.85 ± 0.04). Heart rate recovery at 300 s was significantly slower in symptom threshold (0.72 ± 0.05) compared to controls ( p = 0.003; 0.66 ± 0.02). Conclusions Heart rate measurements in athletes with symptoms of sport-related concussion should be continued during cool-down after the graded exercise test, as dysfunction of the autonomic cardiovascular system might manifest also during cool-down.

Development of an On-Water Graded Exercise Test for Flat-Water Sprint Kayak Athletes

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 1244-1249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chelsie E. Winchcombe ◽  
Martyn J. Binnie ◽  
Matthew M. Doyle ◽  
Cruz Hogan ◽  
Peter Peeling
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Exercise Test ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Stroke Rate ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
Graded Exercise Test ◽  
Graded Exercise

Purpose: To determine the reliability and validity of a power-prescribed on-water (OW) graded exercise test (GXT) for flat-water sprint kayak athletes. Methods: Nine well-trained sprint kayak athletes performed 3 GXTs in a repeated-measures design. The initial GXT was performed on a stationary kayak ergometer in the laboratory (LAB). The subsequent 2 GXTs were performed OW (OW1 and OW2) in an individual kayak. Power output (PWR), stroke rate, blood lactate, heart rate, oxygen consumption, and rating of perceived exertion were measured throughout each test. Results: Both PWR and oxygen consumption showed excellent test–retest reliability between OW1 and OW2 for all 7 stages (intraclass correlation coefficient > .90). The mean results from the 2 OW GXTs (OWAVE) were then compared with LAB, and no differences in oxygen consumption across stages were evident (P ≥ .159). PWR was higher for OWAVE than for LAB in all stages (P ≤ .021) except stage 7 (P = .070). Conversely, stroke rate was lower for OWAVE than for LAB in all stages (P < .010) except stage 2 (P = .120). Conclusions: The OW GXT appears to be a reliable test in well-trained sprint kayak athletes. Given the differences in PWR and stroke rate between the LAB and OW tests, an OW GXT may provide more specific outcomes for OW training.

scholarly journals Heart rate response to graded exercise test of elderly subjects in different ranges of TSH levels

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 591-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Cavalcante Carvalho ◽  
Patrícia dos Santos Vigário ◽  
Dhiãnah Santini de Oliveira Chachamovitz ◽  
Diego Henrique da Silva Silvestre ◽  
Pablo Rodrigo de Oliveira Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Exercise Test ◽  
Heart Rate Response ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Graded Exercise Test ◽  
Graded Exercise ◽  
Tsh Levels

Changes in Brain Activity During a Graded Exercise Test on a Recumbent Cycle Ergometer

2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S286
Author(s):  
Stephen Bailey ◽  
Eric E. Hall ◽  
Jason M. Cain ◽  
Paul C. Miller ◽  
Stephen F. Folger
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Test ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Graded Exercise Test ◽  
Graded Exercise

Heart Rate Recovery Following a Maximal Graded Exercise Test in Normal-Weight and Obese Women

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Easley ◽  
W. Scott Black ◽  
Alison L. Bailey ◽  
Terry Lennie ◽  
Jody L. Clasey
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Exercise Test ◽  
Heart Rate Recovery ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Graded Exercise Test ◽  
Graded Exercise

Night and postexercise cardiac autonomic control in functional overreaching

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Dupuy ◽  
Louis Bherer ◽  
Michel Audiffren ◽  
Laurent Bosquet
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Slow Wave ◽  
Exercise Test ◽  
Slow Wave Sleep ◽  
Autonomic Control ◽  
Constant Speed ◽  
Cardiac Autonomic Control ◽  
Speed Test ◽  
Graded Exercise Test ◽  
Graded Exercise

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a 2-week overload period immediately followed by a 1-week taper period on the autonomic control of heart rate during the night or after exercise cessation. Eleven male endurance athletes increased their usual training volume by 100% for 2 weeks (overload) and decreased it by 50% for 1 week (taper). A maximal graded exercise test and a constant-speed test at 85% of peak treadmill speed, both followed by a 10-min passive recovery period, were performed at baseline and after each period. Heart rate variability was also measured during a 4-h period in the night or during estimated slow-wave sleep. All participants were considered to be overreached based on performance and physiological and psychological criteria. We found a decrease in cardiac parasympathetic control during slow-wave sleep (HFnu = 61.3% ± 11.7% vs 50.0% ± 10.1%, p < 0.05) but not during the 4-h period, as well as a faster heart rate recovery following the maximal graded exercise test (τ = 61.8 ± 14.5 s vs 54.7 ± 9.0 s, p < 0.05) but not after the constant-speed test, after the overload period. There was a return to baseline for both measures after the taper period. Other indices of cardiac autonomic control were not altered by the overload period. Care should be taken in selecting the most sensitive heart rate measures in the follow-up of athletes, because cardiac autonomic control is not affected uniformly by overload training.

scholarly journals MATRIX ANALYSIS OF ECG PARAMETERS MAY BE A WAY TO IMPROVE QUALITY OF FUNCTIONAL STATE MONITORING DURING EXERCISING

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (99) ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Jonas Poderys ◽  
Liepa Bikulčienė ◽  
Eugenijus Trinkūnas ◽  
Kristina Poderienė ◽  
Alfonsas Buliuolis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Exercise Test ◽  
Exercise Stress ◽  
Slow Increase ◽  
Graded Exercise Test ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Graded Exercise ◽  
State Index ◽  
The Moment

Research background. The aim of this study was to compare the peculiarities of dynamics of cardiovascular functional state indices during bicycle ergometry by applying the steep or slow increase in workload. Methods. Twenty five males attending health promotion sport clubs took part in two cardiovascular testing procedures performing graded exercise stress, i.e. increasing the workload every min, and increasing the workload every 6 min. They exercised till the inability to continue the task or when distressing cardiovascular symptoms supervened. 12 Lead ECG was recovered and analysed. Results. The steep increase of registered cardiovascular parameters was observed at onset of exercising and the rate of it depended on the increase rate in workload. Registered maximal changes of heart rate, JT interval, and the ratio JT/RR as a functional state index at the moment of refusing to continue the graded exercise test were of the same level while applying the steep or slow increase in workload. Conclusions. The rate of increase in workload determines the mobilization rate but not the degree of increase of ECG parameters. Maximal changes of heart rate, JT interval, and the ratio JT/RR as functional state index at the moment of refusing to continue the graded exercise test were the same level while applying the steep or slow increase in workload.

scholarly journals Involvement of Resting Heart Rate Variability in Chronotropic Responses During Exercise

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
Choun-sub Kim ◽  
Maeng-kyu Kim
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Exercise Test ◽  
Heart Rate Recovery ◽  
Exercise Heart Rate ◽  
Vagal Activity ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Graded Exercise Test ◽  
Graded Exercise ◽  
Resting Heart Rate Variability

PURPOSE:Although resting heart rate variability (HRV) and chronotropic responses (CR) are common prognostic factor for cardiovascular disease, it is still unknown whether relationships between two variables are affected by exercise. The current study was aimed to identify correlations between resting cardiac autonomic regulation and graded exercise test-derived CR.METHODS:We recruited apparently healthy men college students aged between 20 and 29 years (n=46). They were assigned to Lowand High groups which have been determined for medians involved in resting heart rate (HR) or HRV indices such as rMSSD, HF, and LF/HF ratio, respectively. CR and post-exercise heart rate recovery (HRR) were calculated from HR fluctuations during and after symptom-limited graded exercise test using the Bruce protocol.RESULTS: In HRR, there were no significant differences between all Low and High groups separated by resting levels of HR or HRV indices. However, all Low groups assigned according to resting cardiac vagal-related HRV indices such as rMSSD and HF showed significantly lower CR levels than those of High groups, respectively. Moreover, CRs derived from stage 1-3 of Bruce protocol were positively correlated resting rMSSD and HF levels, respectively.CONCLUSIONS:The findings of the current study suggest that resting levels of cardiac vagal-related HRV indices may have an impact on CR derived from a graded exercise test, as well as there is a significant association between resting cardiac vagal activity and HR response during incremental exercise.

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