scholarly journals Compatibility of Climate Adaptation Strategies with Livelihood Vulnerability Patterns: The Case of Fars Province, Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samane Ghazali ◽  
Hossein Azadi ◽  
Mansoor Zibaei
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Risk Exposure ◽  
Fars Province ◽  
Vulnerability To Climate Change ◽  
Pastoral Households ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Abstract Pastoralists’ livelihood on natural rangelands are constantly influenced by the destructive impacts of climate change. While the phenomenon of climate change continues on a widespread scale, it is expected to put more pressure on unfavorable rangelands and pastoral households whose livelihood source is only based on pastoralism activity. Thus, it is vital to reduce livelihood vulnerability of pastoralists to climate change impacts through appropriate adaptation strategies. Accordingly, the aim of the current study was to specify the compatibility of adaptation strategies adopted by pastoralists with their livelihood vulnerability patterns. The evaluation was based on a spatial survey that was conducted with a random sample of 393 Iranian pastoralists distributed in the counties of Eghlid, Sepidan, and Shiraz in the northern Fars province. The results showed that pastoralists were commonly vulnerable in terms of the high-risk exposure and low adaptive capacity. About 27 livelihood vulnerability patterns were detected using data mining based on the relationships among the sub-components of exposure, sensitivity, and adaptation in 3 counties. The scores of the livelihood vulnerability were high in most of the livelihood vulnerability patterns. Only 4 patterns obtained the relatively low vulnerability scores through accurate decisions on adopting the appropriate set of adaptation strategies. According to the low compatibility of adaptation strategies with the corresponding vulnerability patterns, the results of this study can assist pastoralists to adopt appropriate adaptation strategies and thus, decrease livelihood vulnerability to climate change. In this regard, it is suggested that pastoralists in each vulnerability pattern adopt appropriate adaptation strategies according to their vulnerability sub-components.

Droughts, floods and freshwater ecosystems: evaluating climate change impacts and developing adaptation strategies

2011 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison Aldous ◽  
James Fitzsimons ◽  
Brian Richter ◽  
Leslie Bach
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Eastern Australia

Climate change is expected to have significant impacts on hydrologic regimes and freshwater ecosystems, and yet few basins have adequate numerical models to guide the development of freshwater climate adaptation strategies. Such strategies can build on existing freshwater conservation activities, and incorporate predicted climate change impacts. We illustrate this concept with three case studies. In the Upper Klamath Basin of the western USA, a shift in land management practices would buffer this landscape from a declining snowpack. In the Murray–Darling Basin of south-eastern Australia, identifying the requirements of flood-dependent natural values would better inform the delivery of environmental water in response to reduced runoff and less water. In the Savannah Basin of the south-eastern USA, dam managers are considering technological and engineering upgrades in response to more severe floods and droughts, which would also improve the implementation of recommended environmental flows. Even though the three case studies are in different landscapes, they all contain significant freshwater biodiversity values. These values are threatened by water allocation problems that will be exacerbated by climate change, and yet all provide opportunities for the development of effective climate adaptation strategies.

Adaptation to Climate Change in Small Island Developing States: A Systematic Literature Review of Academic Research

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carola Klöck ◽  
Patrick D. Nunn
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Small Island Developing States ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Island States ◽  
Vulnerability To Climate Change ◽  
The Pacific

Small Island Developing States (SIDS) share a common vulnerability to climate change. Adaptation to climate change and variability is urgently needed yet, while some is already occurring in SIDS, research on the nature and efficacy of adaptation across SIDS is fragmentary. In this article, we systematically review academic literature to identify where adaptation in SIDS is documented; what type of adaptation strategies are taken, and in response to which climate change impacts; and the extent to which this adaptation has been judged as successful. Our analysis indicates that much adaptation research is concentrated on the Pacific, on independent island states, and on core areas within SIDS. Research documents a wide array of adaptation strategies across SIDS, notably structural or physical and behavioral changes. Yet, evaluation of concrete adaptation interventions is lacking; it thus remains unclear to what extent documented adaptation effectively and sustainably reduces SIDS’ vulnerability and increases their resilience.

scholarly journals Perceived Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation Strategy of Indigenous Community (Chepangs) in Rural Mid-hills of Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 48-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pragya Khanal ◽  
Bishnu H. Wagle ◽  
Suraj Upadhaya ◽  
Prayash Ghimire ◽  
Suman Acharya
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Local Level ◽  
National Level ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Adaptation Strategy ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Marginalized Communities ◽  
Indigenous Group ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Climate change is projected to increase in vulnerable areas of the world, and marginalized communities residing in rural areas are more vulnerable to the change. The perceptions of climate change and adaptation strategies made by such communities are important considerations in the design of adaptation strategies by policy-makers. We examined the most marginalized indigenous group "Chepang" communities' perceptions towards this change, variability, and their attitudes to adaptations and adapted coping measures in mid-hills of Nepal. We interviewed 155 individuals from two Chepang communities, namely, Shaktikhor and Siddhi in Chitwan district of Nepal. We also analyzed biophysical data to assess the variability. The findings showed that the Chepang community has experienced significant impacts of climate change and variability. They attributed crop disease, insect infestation, human health problem, and weather-related disaster as the impacts of climate change. Strategies they have adopted in response to the change are the use of intense fertilizers in farmland, hybrid seeds cultivation, crop diversification, etc. Local level and national level adaptation policies need to be designed and implemented as soon as possible to help climate vulnerable communities like Chepangs to cope against the impacts of climate change.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Concern and Support for Policy on Adaptations to Impacts of Climate Change in Grand Bahamian

2020 ◽  
pp. 123-135
Author(s):  
Feraldo D. Joffre ◽  
Berkley N. King Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Support Policy ◽  
Level Of Concern ◽  
High Level ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

This study assessed the knowledge, concern and support of policy relative to climate change impacts of Grand Bahamians. Specifically the study assessed the awareness and concern of Grand Bahamians; examine the difference in participants’ awareness and concern of climate change impacts; analyze the factors that influence the awareness and concern of climate change impacts of participants; and assess the predictive ability of the Value Belief Norm Theory in relation to the participants’ intent to support policy for climate change issues. A survey questionnaire and focus group discussion were used for ata collection Findings showed that Grand Bahamians have a low level of scientific knowledge, a high level of concern regarding climate change and a strong intent to support policy for climate adaptation. Despite this low level of scientific knowledge, they have a developed experiential knowledge due to their frequent exposure to extreme climate events they perceive to be associated with climate change. The high level of concern influenced their desire to support policies aimed at adapting to the adverse impacts of climate change.

scholarly journals Climate Change Adaptation Strategies and Approaches for Outdoor Recreation

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 7030
Author(s):  
Daniel O’Toole ◽  
Leslie A. Brandt ◽  
Maria K. Janowiak ◽  
Kristen M. Schmitt ◽  
P. Danielle Shannon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Outdoor Recreation ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
User Preferences ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Stepping Stones

Climate change will alter opportunities and demand for outdoor recreation through altered winter weather conditions and season length, climate-driven changes in user preferences, and damage to recreational infrastructure, among other factors. To ensure that outdoor recreation remains sustainable in the face of these challenges, natural resource managers may need to adapt their recreation management. One of the major challenges of adapting recreation to climate change is translating broad concepts into specific, tangible actions. Using a combination of in-depth interviews of recreational managers and a review of peer-reviewed literature and government reports, we developed a synthesis of impacts, strategies, and approaches, and a tiered structure that organizes this information. Six broad climate adaptation strategies and 25 more specific approaches were identified and organized into a “recreation menu”. The recreation menu was tested with two national forests in the US in multi-day workshops designed to integrate these concepts into real-world projects that were at the beginning stages of the planning process. We found that the recreation menu was broad yet specific enough to be applied to recreation-focused projects with different objectives and climate change impacts. These strategies and approaches serve as stepping stones to enable natural resource and recreation managers to translate broad concepts into targeted and prescriptive actions for implementing adaptation.

scholarly journals Determinants of corn farmers to adapt to climate change impacts in Sagbayan, Bohol, Philippines

2018 ◽  
pp. 77-89
Author(s):  
Zyra May Centino ◽  
Arvin Vista
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Annual Household Income ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

The need to adapt to the negative impacts of climate change is urgent especially in the agriculture sector. However, there have been no published reports whether upland corn farmers are applying climate change adaptation strategies. This study sampled 91 upland corn farmers in Sagbayan, Bohol, Philippines to determine the factors affecting their decision to employ adaptations strategies. The adaptation strategies are those soil and water management and conservation techniques employed by farmers, which is modelled using binary logistic regression. The average age of the respondents was 56 years old. Respondents have been in corn production for an average period of 30 years. More than 50% of their annual household income comes from farming (PhP 25,393). Results showed that gender, farm income, total land used in farming and value of farm assets were the determinants of farmers’ use of adaptation strategies. Overall, corn farmers are knowledgeable of the impacts of climate change; however, employment of adaptation strategies is minimal. Hence, intervention should focus on programs that will increase probability of farmers employing adaptation strategies. Such programs may include farm-to-market roads to minimize post-harvest losses, setting of farmer field school and information drive.

scholarly journals To Mitigate or Adapt? Explaining Why Citizens Responding to Climate Change Favour the Former

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 240
Author(s):  
Kristina Blennow ◽  
Johannes Persson
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Tipping Point ◽  
Climate Change Risk ◽  
Positive Experiences ◽  
Local Impacts ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Why do citizens’ decisions made because they favour the mitigation of climate change outnumber those made because they favour adaptation to its impacts? Using data collected in a survey of 338 citizens of Malmö, Sweden, we tested two hypotheses. H1: the motivation for personal decisions because they favour adaptation to the impacts of climate change correlates with the decision-making agent´s knowledge of specific local impacts of climate change, and H2: the motivation for personal decisions because they favour mitigation of climate change correlates with the risk perception of the decision-making agent. While decisions made because they favour mitigation correlated with negative net values of expected impacts of climate change (risk perception), decisions made because they favour adaptation correlated with its absolute value unless tipping point behaviour occurred. Tipping point behaviour occurs here when the decision-making agent abstains from decisions in response to climate change in spite of a strongly negative or positive net value of expected impacts. Hence, the decision-making agents´ lack of knowledge of specific climate change impacts inhibited decisions promoting adaptation. Moreover, positive experiences of climate change inhibited mitigation decisions. Discussing the results, we emphasised the importance of understanding the drivers of adaptation and mitigation decisions. In particular, we stress that attention needs to be paid to the balance between decisions solving problems ‘here and now’ and those focusing on the ‘there and then’.

scholarly journals Charting the evidence for climate change impacts on the global spread of malaria and dengue and adaptive responses: a scoping review of reviews

2022 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manisha A. Kulkarni ◽  
Claudia Duguay ◽  
Katarina Ost
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Variability ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Abstract Background Climate change is expected to alter the global footprint of many infectious diseases, particularly vector-borne diseases such as malaria and dengue. Knowledge of the range and geographical context of expected climate change impacts on disease transmission and spread, combined with knowledge of effective adaptation strategies and responses, can help to identify gaps and best practices to mitigate future health impacts. To investigate the types of evidence for impacts of climate change on two major mosquito-borne diseases of global health importance, malaria and dengue, and to identify the range of relevant policy responses and adaptation strategies that have been devised, we performed a scoping review of published review literature. Three electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus and Epistemonikos) were systematically searched for relevant published reviews. Inclusion criteria were: reviews with a systematic search, from 2007 to 2020, in English or French, that addressed climate change impacts and/or adaptation strategies related to malaria and/or dengue. Data extracted included: characteristics of the article, type of review, disease(s) of focus, geographic focus, and nature of the evidence. The evidence was summarized to identify and compare regional evidence for climate change impacts and adaptation measures. Results A total of 32 reviews met the inclusion criteria. Evidence for the impacts of climate change (including climate variability) on dengue was greatest in the Southeast Asian region, while evidence for the impacts of climate change on malaria was greatest in the African region, particularly in highland areas. Few reviews explicitly addressed the implementation of adaptation strategies to address climate change-driven disease transmission, however suggested strategies included enhanced surveillance, early warning systems, predictive models and enhanced vector control. Conclusions There is strong evidence for the impacts of climate change, including climate variability, on the transmission and future spread of malaria and dengue, two of the most globally important vector-borne diseases. Further efforts are needed to develop multi-sectoral climate change adaptation strategies to enhance the capacity and resilience of health systems and communities, especially in regions with predicted climatic suitability for future emergence and re-emergence of malaria and dengue. This scoping review may serve as a useful precursor to inform future systematic reviews of the primary literature.

scholarly journals Impacts of climate change on Livestock production and productivity and different adaptation strategies in Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon Tiruneh ◽  
Firew Tegene
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Population Pressure ◽  
Slow Growth Rate ◽  
Mature Weight ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

This review work was conducted to explore the likely impacts of climate change on livestock production and productivity and different adaptation strategies in Ethiopia. National average temperature has increased by 10 c since the 1960s. Most of the livestock owners in the country perceive there is a climate change impacts on Livestock production and productivity. The major effects of climate change on livestock production include feed shortage, shortage of water, livestock genetic resources loss, reduced productivity, and decreased mature weight and/or longer time to reach mature weight in their order of importance. Higher temperatures resulting from climate change may increase the rate of development of certain pathogens or parasites that have one or more life cycle stages outside their animal host. Furthermore, the spatial distribution and availability of pasture and water are highly dependent on the pattern and availability of rainfall. Shortage of feed and water contribute to reduced productivity and reproductive performance of livestock. This includes slow growth rate of animals, loss of body condition, reduced milk production and poor reproductive performance in mature animals. Draught oxen that are emaciated and in poor body condition cannot provide adequate draught power for plowing, and thus affects crop cultivation. Bush encroachment as well as population pressure lead to diminishing availability of good pasture and hence to a decline in the total number of animals. Different adaptation options are followed by Livestock owners, such as Conservation of feed, out-migration of some household members to earn additional income, destocking, settlement and intensification of livestock production, undertaking supplementary income generating activities and awareness creation on the factors affecting climate change. 

scholarly journals Vulnerability to Climate Change of “Giant Squid” (Thysanoteuthis rhombus) Fishery in Marinduque, Philippines

2021 ◽  
pp. 181-190
Author(s):  
Paloma De Chavez ◽  
Gilda Joannah Calderon ◽  
Sherwin Santos ◽  
Emmanuel Vera Cruz ◽  
Mudjekeewis Santos
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Vulnerability Assessment ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Climate Change Vulnerability ◽  
Giant Squid ◽  
Vulnerability To Climate Change ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Management And Conservation ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

The Philippine fisheries sector has been affected by the impacts of climate change. Vulnerability to climate change pertains to a natural system's ability to cope with the negative impacts of climate change, variability, and extremes. Vulnerability Assessment (VA) provides a framework for climate change impacts evaluation over a broad range of systems. Tools such as Fisheries Vulnerability Assessment Tool (Fish Vool) have been developed to do VA. The "giant squid" diamondback (Thysanoteuthis rhombus) fishery in the province of Marinduque is an essential source of food and livelihood in the area. However, its vulnerability to climate change impacts has not been assessed. In this study, the "giant squid" fishery in Gasan, Marinduque, was assessed using Fish Vool. Results revealed that overall climate change vulnerability of the fishery is high, where both sensitivity and adaptive capacity are medium while exposure is high. Overall, the study provided a better understanding of the "giant squid" fishery vis-à-vis climate change and provided information for future fisheries management and conservation in the province.

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