scholarly journals In Vitro Regeneration of The Endangered Cactus Turbincarpus Mombergeri Riha, A Hybrid of T. Laui x T. Pseudopectinatus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria del Socorro Santos-Diaz ◽  
Ma. Lourdes Santos-Díaz ◽  
Juana Alvarado-Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Indoleacetic Acid ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Salt Medium ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Normal Morphology ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Seed Disinfection ◽  
Murashige Skoog

Abstract Turbinicarpus mombergeri is a cacti species formed by a hybridization process between Turbinicarpus laui and Turbinicarpus pseudopectinatus. Under natural conditions, it is very difficult for two species be genetically compatible for hybridization, and to produce flowers at the same time. Thus, T. mombergeri is a very interesting and a rare species. Unfortunately, the current populations are decreasing and now it is considered critically endangered. The aim of this research was to develop a successful protocol for propagating T. mombergeri using the in vitro culture techniques. Seed disinfection was performed with Plant Preservative Mixture, and 80% of germination occurred at day 45 in Murashige-Skoog medium. The shoots were cut longitudinally, and the segments were transferred to media containing 2.22 or 4.44 µM benzyladenine to induce shooting. The generated shoots were highly hydrated, and presented abundant callus. The hyperhydricity was controlled by reducing salt medium concentration, by increasing calcium levels and by using polyethylenglycol. The reduction of callus was attained by adding tri-iodo benzoic acid. Vigorous and thick shoots were generated in medium containing urea, and rooting improved in the presence of 0.5 µM indoleacetic acid. Plantlets with normal morphology were obtained, and the survival rate of the plants in soil was 80%. The methodology developed represents an alternative for propagation of T. mombergeri under controlled conditions for commercial or conservation purposes.

scholarly journals Comparative Studies of In Vitro Regeneration Capacity in Some Breeding Forms of Prunus persica (L.) Batsch

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 00055
Author(s):  
Irina Mitrofanova ◽  
Nina Lesnikova-Sedoshenko ◽  
Olga Mitrofanova ◽  
Anatoliy Smykov ◽  
Svetlana Chelombit
Keyword(s):  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Regeneration Capacity ◽  
Hybrid Form ◽  
Murashige Skoog ◽  
Morphogenic Callus ◽  
High Regeneration ◽  
Hybrid Forms

Peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] is one of the most important stone fruit crops in the world. Preservation of valuable genotypes and creation of new breeding forms need the effective methods for plant propagation. Biotechnological method makes it possible to multiply valuable genotypes in vitro and produce high-quality plant material. Plantlets were obtained from hybrid peach embryos in five cross combinations. The induction of morphogenesis and the studies of regenerative capacity were carried out on culture media Murashige, Skoog (MS) and Gamborg, Eveleigh (B5) with vitamins and plant growth regulators. The segments of plantlets with 2-3 internodes were placed on MS and B5 media. Use of B5 medium with 0.75-1.0 mg L-1 BAP and 0.1 mg L-1 IBA induced organogenesis in the studied hybrid forms. The microshoots of the hybrid form ‘Summerglo’ × ‘Nikitskiy Podarok’ had a high regeneration capacity. In the forms ‘Persey’ × ‘Nikitskiy Podarok’ and ‘KAT 92-2210’ × ‘Nikitskiy Podarok’ low regeneration capacity was noted. An increase in BAP concentration resulted in formation of hydrated microshoots and non-morphogenic callus. It was determined that to obtain normal peach microshoots, the optimal culture parameters were a temperature of 24 ± 1oC, 16-hour photoperiod, and 37.5 μM m-2s-1 light intensity.

scholarly journals In-vitro Callus Induction and Regeneration of Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) through Cotyledon

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shreedhar Ganapati Bhat ◽  
G. Arulananthu ◽  
N. Ramesh
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Plant Growth Hormones ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Cotyledon Explants

Brinjal is one of the most popular, nutritional and vegetable crops in the world. It plays a vital role in the national economy as a cash crop. Tissue culture techniques used for in-vitro plant regeneration through cotyledon explants of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) with different combinations of plant growth hormones BAP (4.44, 6.66, 8.88, 11.10 and 13.32µM) and IAA (0.57, 1.14 and 1.71µM) used for in-vitro regeneration of brinjal. The cotyledon explants used in this study, the highest callus induction found on BAP 8.88 µM and IAA 1.14 µM. The callus induction occurred after 15days from initiation, shoot induction occurred after 30 days from initiation and shoot elongation was carried out on the same medium, shoot elongation occurred after 45 days from initiation. MS hormone-free medium found best for root regeneration, the elongated shoots were selected and transferred to a test tube containing MS hormone-free rooting medium and the elongated shoots produce roots after 15 days. Then the rooted plantlets were transferred to poly-cup with a pre-sterilized mixture of coco peat for primary hardening under poly-tunnel for 10days. Subsequently, there generated plantlets acclimatized under the greenhouse. Then, hardened plants transferred to the open field for further development. This plant regeneration method can be useful for the production of the disease-free plant.

scholarly journals Influence of climatic conditions of the introduction period and varietal characteristics of black currant (Ribes nigrum L.) on the effectiveness of culture initiation in vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 04010
Author(s):  
T.M. Khromova ◽  
L.V. Tashmatova ◽  
O.V. Matsneva ◽  
V.V. Shakhov
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Ribes Nigrum ◽  
Black Currant ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
Murashige Skoog ◽  
One Year

The article presents data from the effectiveness studies of the initial introduction stage of black currant (Ribes nigrum L.) into in vitro culture depending on the introduction period and the corresponding climatic conditions. The research objects were varieties of black currants selected by the Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding: Azhurnaya, Orlovskaya serenada, Ocharovanie, Chudnoye mgnovenye. The introduction into in vitro culture was carried out in several periods characterized by different physiological states of the explants: the period of dormancy release (mid-March), the period of active growth (June), and the period of growth decay (mid-September). The source material in the spring and autumn periods were the buds of one-year stiffened shoots, in the summer introduction period - the buds of growing green shoots. The cultivation was carried out on Murashige-Skoog medium supplemented with 6-BAP (0.5 mg/l). It was noted that the survival rate of explants is determined by the physiological state of the source material due to the corresponding agro-climatic conditions during the introduction period, as well as the genotypic characteristics of the varieties. Thus, explants isolated during the active growing season are characterized by a higher and more stable survival rate. When explants were cultivated in spring and autumn, the physiological state of the explants and their survival rate were influenced by the genotypic response of varieties to the corresponding agroclimatic conditions.

scholarly journals In Vitro Regeneration of Tea (Camellia sinensis (L). O. Kuntze) By Somatic Embryogenesis from Immature Cotyledon Tissues

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (sp) ◽  
pp. 2587-2590
Author(s):  
Emine Yurteri ◽  
Mücahit Salih Can ◽  
Fatih Seyis ◽  
Haydar Kuplemez
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Camellia Sinensis ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Phenylboronic Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Embryo Survival ◽  
Regeneration Rate

Tea (Camellia sinensis) is the world's most popular beverage plant, as well as an important plantation crop with high commercial value. It has been maintained for centuries through conventional vegetative propagation. Tea clonal propagation in vitro has the advantage of producing a large number of elite plants. If an efficient in vitro regeneration technology is available, this technique could be exploited for selection of tea plants for desired trait. The selected plants could be later on multiplied through in vitro or ex vitro techniques. The study aimed to induced somatic embryogenesis from immature embryo explants to genetic variaton. Different concentrations of phenylboronic acid with benzyladenine and phenylboronic acid with kinetin were tested in MS medium with 30 g/L sucrose and 8 g/L agar. MS medium without any plant growth regulators was used as control group. Considering the embryo survival rate, 1.5 mg/ L-1 phenylboronic acid + 1 mg/ L-1 kinetin produced highest result as 87.3% while lowest was in control group as 36.7%. The highest plant regeneration rate was found in 1,5 mg/ L-1 phenylboronic acid + 1 mg/ L-1 kinetin and 1.5 mg/ L-1 phenylboronic acid + 1 mg/ L-1 benzyladenine medium respectively as 58.3% and 55.6%. Kinetin treatment with increasing phenylboronic acid concentrations gave the best results in terms of somatic embryo survival rate. Also, kinetin treatment produced better results when compared to benzyladenine concentrations.

In vitro regeneration of chlorophyll chimeras in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (10) ◽  
pp. 1941-1943 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Seeni ◽  
A. Gnanam
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill ◽  
Murashige Skoog

Explants of hypocotyl, cotyledon, and hypocotyl-derived calli of homozygous (xa-2/xa-2) green, heterozygous (Xa-2/xa-2) yellow–green, and homozygous (Xa-2/Xa-2) albino seedlings of Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. were induced to regenerate plants in vitro on Murashige-Skoog agar medium. Approximately 10–15% of the regenerants obtained from cultures of heterozygous individuals were of the variegated type. Homozygous lines green (xa-2/xa-2) and albino (Xa-2/Xa-2) however, did not regenerate any chimeral plants.

scholarly journals PERBANYAKAN NILAM (Pogostemon cablin Benth) MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA DASAR ALTERNATIF SECARA IN VITRO In vitro multiplication of Patchouli uses alternative primary medium

Perspektif ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Amalia Amalia
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Complex Compounds ◽  
Coconut Water ◽  
Basic Medium ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Murashige Skoog ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Tissue Culture Propagation

<p align="center">Benih sangat menentukan dalam keberhasilan usahatani nilam. Perbanyakan benih secara konvensional vegetatif sangat mudah menularkan penyakit dan membutuhkan waktu yang relatif lama, seperti benih nilam yang diperbanyak selama ini dengan setek. Cara ini memiliki kendala, yang diharapkan dapat diatasi dengan teknik kultur jaringan. Media merupakan faktor utama dalam perbanyakan kultur jaringan. Perbanyakan dan perkembangbiakan tanaman nilam dengan metode kultur jaringan secara umum sudah dapat dilakukan tetapi untuk keberhasilannya sangat tergantung pada jenis media, terutama bila ditinjau dari sisi ekonomi. Karena aplikasi teknologi kultur jaringan untuk tanaman nilam masih dirasakan mahal. Tulisan ini mengulas tentang penggunaan media untuk menekan biaya media kultur jaringan yaitu dengan menggantikan media dasar MS (Murashige-Skoog), ZPT dan vitamin dengan media dasar alternatif dan air kelapa 10%. Air kelapa merupakan salah satu diantara beberapa persenyawaan kompleks alamiah yang sering digunakan dalam kultur jaringan. Sedangkan media dasar alternatif berupa pupuk daun dapat berfungsi sebagai penyedia unsur hara makro mikro  dengan komposisi  N:P:K (20:20:20). Hal ini untuk mengatasi permasalahan, agar media kultur jaringan menjadi relatif murah, dan harga jual benih lebih terjangkau. Air kelapa yang digunakan berasal dari kelapa hijau yang dicirikan dengan volume air masih memenuhi buah dan keadaan endosperm (daging kelapa) yang belum menebal.  Tetapi meski bahan alternatif ini sudah banyak digunakan untuk media pengganti kultur jaringan karena relatif mudah tersedia, murah, menghasilkan benih seragam dan sehat, ternyata belum dapat menunjukkan hasil yang setara dibandingkan dengan penggunaan media MS dalam perbanyakan tunas nilam secara kultur jaringan. Oleh karena itu berbagai penelitian  perbanyakan tanaman nilam dengan berbagai metode kultur jaringan agar menghasilkan benih yang murah, sehat, seragam dan dalam jumlah besar masih perlu terus diupayakan.</p><p> </p><p align="center">ABSTRACT</p><p> The quality of seeds are very  important in patchoulli cultivation. Cutting multiplication seeds are usually easy in transmitting diseases and relatively need a long time to grow. So far patchouli seeds  obtained conventionally with cutting has some constraints, hence tissue culture techniques becomes the solution once. The success of propagation and breeding of plants with tissue culture methods in patchouly is already conducted but is still expensive to be implemented. The paper review patchouli tissue culture propagation  by replacing basic media MS (murashige-skoog, Growth Regulating Substances (GRS) and vitamine with alternate  basic medium and 10% coconut water Coconut water is one of several natural complex compounds that are often used in tissue culture. The alternative medium as leaf fertilizer can serve as <span style="text-decoration: line-through;">a</span> micro and macro nutrient provider with composition N: P: K (20:20:20). Hopefully, It could become the solution to make tissue culture of patchoulli seeds cheaper and more available. Actually, eventhough the overall substitution of MS medium with full alternative media has already used in limited areas, it has not able yet  showing equal results with the use of basic medium MS media in tissue culture patchouli multiplication. Therefore, the researches on patchouli tissue culture should be continued to achieve the huge number, healthy, unity, and unexpensive seeds.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Concentration-dependent stimulating and toxic effects of ZrS3 and TiS3 nanoribbons on forest woody plants in tissue culture in vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 875 (1) ◽  
pp. 012052
Author(s):  
O Zakharova ◽  
I Vasyukova ◽  
D S Muratov ◽  
V Korenkov ◽  
P Baranchikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Indoleacetic Acid ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
Direct Reaction ◽  
Clonal Micropropagation ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Gibberelic Acid ◽  
Initiation Stage ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Abstract Nanotechnology has a great potential for application in applied biotechnology. Here we demonstrate the effectiveness of synthesized by direct reaction ZrS3 and TiS3 nanoribbons as sterilizing agents, growth stimulators and activators of rhizogenesis of micro-sprouts of tree crops during clonal micropropagation. At the initiation stage at 6 and 15 μg/L ZrS3 and 3, 6 and 15 μg/L TiS3, complete sterility of shoots of brittle willow, red oak and Scots pine was noted. The maximum survival rate and seedling height at this stage was in the groups of 1.5 μg/L ZrS3 and 3 μg/L TiS3. An increase in the concentration of nanomaterials to 15 μg/L significantly reduced the viability of plants. At the proliferation stage the concentration of nanomaterials 1.5 and 3 μg/L increased the survival rate of regenerants, and at 3 μg/L with the phytohormones (benzylaminopurine, indoleacetic acid, gibberelic acid) the number of additional shoots increased. At the rooting stage ZrS3 and TiS3 at doses of 1.5 and 3 μg/L with auxin activated rhizogenesis, significantly increasing the number of seedlings with roots in comparison with the variants where only auxin were used. This effects can be associated both with the direct action of nanoribbons and with the release of hydrogen sulfide as a result of aqueous hydrolysis of nanoribbons, since H2S plays an important role in the regulation of plant physiological processes.

scholarly journals IN VITRO MORPHOGENETIC REACTION OF MELISSA OFFICINALIS L.

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Maria Radomir ◽  
Ramona Stan
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Clonal Plants ◽  
Multiplication Rate ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Melissa Officinalis ◽  
Lemon Balm ◽  
Normal Morphology ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Micropropagated Plants

Lemon balm (Melissa officinalisL.) is a medicinal plant with a long history in traditional medicine. Classical propagation of this species is inefficient for establishing a good quality clonal plants. The aim of this work was to elaborate an in vitro propagation protocol for M. officinalis using apexes and uninodal fragments as explants. The highest multiplication rate (4.7 shoots/explant) was obtained on a MS medium supplemented with 3 mg/L BAP. A half strength MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/L NAA was the most effective for in vitro rooting of lemon balmmicroshoots. Micropropagated plants transferred ex vitro showed normal morphology and 95% survival rate during acclimatization. The results obtained throughout the in vitro regeneration phases confirm that in vitro tissue culture is an efficient method for multiplication of M. officinalis.

scholarly journals Investigation of the in vitro regeneration of mericlones in the caribe variety of carnation

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zs. O. Kiss ◽  
A. Balogh ◽  
L. Fodorpataki
Keyword(s):  
Callus Formation ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Dark Violet ◽  
Murashige Skoog ◽  
Gibberelic Acid ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

In vitro culture conditions were experimented for the relatively sensitive, but very esthaetic "Caribe" variety of carnation with uniformly dark violet flowers. Regeneration of new plants from shoot apex meristems can be significantly improved by the combined addition of very low amounts of indolebutiric acid, benzyladenine and gibberelic acid, dissolved in the Murashige-Skoog nutrient medium. Callus formation as a prerequisite for the induction of somaclonal variability can be achieved successfully with certain molar ratios between 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and benzyladenine. Acclimation of the obtained mericlones to the ex vitro conditions was also evaluated.  

scholarly journals A Two Step Process for the Regeneration of Arachis spp. by Shoot Tip Culture of Greenhouse-Grown Plants

1990 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Q. Chen ◽  
B. Johnson ◽  
J. L. Sherwood
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Growth ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Shoot Tips ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Lateral Buds ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Murashige Skoog ◽  
Modified Ms Medium

Abstract Shoot-tips of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivars Florunner and Pronto grown in the greenhouse, and the tips of A. villosulicarpa Hoehne from in vitro cultured plants were used for in vitro regeneration of peanut. The terminal and lateral buds excised from greenhouse grown plants were surface sterilized with 70% ethanol for 3 min followed by 0.525% sodium hypochlorite for 5 min. Shoot-tips (0.5–3 mm long) were isolated from the buds, transferred to a modified Murashige Skoog (MS) agar medium, and maintained at 26 C with a 16-h photoperiod. The modified MS medium contained MS mineral salts, B5 vitamins, and the hormones 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 6-benzyladenine (BA). The best growth of meristems (0.5–1 mm) was induced with 5.0 μM NAA and 5.0 μM BA. Rooting was induced with 5.0 μM NAA. Both shoot growth and rooting occurred on medium that contained 5.0 μM NAA when large tips (1–3 mm) were cultured. Plantlets regenerated from the tips were successfully transferred to pots and grown to maturity.

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