scholarly journals Practice of Coronavirus Disease-19 Prevention Methods and Associated Factors in Three Zones of Southwest Ethiopia: Community based cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wondimagegn Wondimu ◽  
Amare Genetu Ejigu ◽  
Mengistu Ayenew Mekonen ◽  
Angesom Weldu ◽  
Wondwossen Niguse Asmare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Good Practice ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Southwest Ethiopia ◽  
History Of ◽  
Prevention Methods ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Background Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is an emerging contagious respiratory infection that brings a big puzzle to global health. In Ethiopia, the number of cases and related deaths are increasing exponentially. Prevention is currently available effective management, and its implementation has not been assessed adequately.Objective To assess the COVID-19 prevention practices in three zones of Southwest Ethiopia.Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the Bench Sheko, Kafa, and West Omo zones. A multistage sampling technique was employed to select 845 study participants. The data collection tool was adapted from the WHO resources and related literature. SPSS version 20 was used to analyze the data. Participants who scored at least a mean score of practice questions were categorized as having good practice. Binary logistic regression was fitted to identify factors associated with the practice.Results In this study, 803 participants participated. About two-thirds (64.7%) of the respondents had a history of going to crowded places, while only 30.3% of the participants had a history of wearing a mask when leaving home. Two-thirds of the respondents had a history of maintaining their distance at 2 meters (64.4%) and washing their hands with soap and water or using alcohol-based hand sanitizers (64.8%). Generally, less than two-thirds (59.4%) of study participants had a good practice of COVID-19 prevention methods. Urban residence, good knowledge, positive attitude, intention to seek care, and perceived mortality were positively associated with good practice.Conclusion The proportion of individuals who had good COVID-19 prevention practices was inadequate. For such highly infectious diseases, prevention should be the priority intervention, and improving its implementation needs further effort. Community-based interventions such as risk communication and mass education should center on scaling up community knowledge and practice by prioritizing vulnerable groups such as rural residents.

scholarly journals Magnitude and associated factors for attitude and practice of Southern Ethiopian residents toward COVID-19 and its preventions: A community based cross sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simeneh Mola ◽  
Zemedu Aweke ◽  
Bedru Jemal ◽  
Robel Hussein ◽  
Sileshi Hailu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Illness ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chronic Medical Illness ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Good Attitude

Abstract Background: COVID-19 first broke out in china, Hubei province on December 29, 2019. Since then it took more than hundred thousand lives worldwide. Although all countries are taking varying degree of measures to curb the dissemination, the virus is still spreading rapidly in all part of the world. Adherence of peoples for COVID-19 precautions measures is one of the most important factors which determine the effectiveness of curbing the spread. However without having good attitude adherence of people toward precaution measures could be challenging. Therefore the aim of this study is to assess the attitude, practice and associated factors of southern Ethiopian residents toward COVID-19 and its prevention. Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted among 585 Southern Ethiopian residents. Bivariate and multivariate binary logistic regression was used to determine association between dependent and independent variables. Adjusted odds ratio with their 95% CI was used show the strength of association. P-value < 0.05 was used to decide statistically significant association.Result: Most of the study participants (90.3%) have good attitude toward COVID-19 and its prevention. Being younger age group, having chronic medical illness, using television as a source of information and having good knowledge were significantly associated with good attitude toward COVID-19.On other hand; only 20% of the study participants have good practice toward COVID-19 prevention. Educational status, occupation and having chronic medical illness, uses of religious teaching as information sources are associated factors for good practice against COVID-19 infection. Conclusion: We conclude that despite the presence good attitude in majority of respondents much work needed to improve rare practice of COVID-19 preventive measures.

scholarly journals Prevalence and associated factors of hypertension in Amhara regional state city and its’ surrounding rural districts: a community-based cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 2580-2590
Author(s):  
Tadesse Dagget Tesfaye ◽  
Worku Animaw Temesgen ◽  
Ayele Semachew Kasa ◽  
Yeshaneh Seyoum Yismaw
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural Districts ◽  
Regional State ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Nowadays, among non-communicable diseases hypertension is a growing public health important disease both in developed and developing nations. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated factors of hypertension in Amhara Regional State city and its’ surrounding rural districts, Ethiopia. Method: Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the urban and rural communities living in Amhara Regional State city and its’ surrounding rural districts administrations in 2015. The WHO Stepwise approach was used for data collection.Result: A total of 1405 subjects participated and the response rate was 95.5%. The overall prevalence of hypertension was 11.4% either previously diagnosed or undiagnosed and was higher in older ages. Whereas the prevalence of hypertension was 13% for urban and 10% for rural residents. Nearly half of them (46.3%) were newly diagnosed. A family history of hypertension, being underweight, overweight, obese, and raised fasting blood sugar were found to be significantly associated with raised blood pressure.Conclusion: One among every three (37.4 %) and one among every nine study participants were found to have pre-hypertension and hypertension respectively.Keywords: Prevalence of hypertension, blood pressure, Bahir Dar.

scholarly journals Low prevalence of active trachoma and associated factors among children aged 1–9 years in rural communities of Metema District, Northwest Ethiopia: a community based cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kessete Ayelgn ◽  
Tadesse Guadu ◽  
Atalay Getachew
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Active Trachoma ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Background Trachoma is an infectious disease of the eye caused by Chlamydia trachomatis and transmitted via contact with eye discharge from infected persons and leading to blindness worldwide. Children less than 9 years of age affected more seriously. The disease is common where access to water and sanitation are limited. Objective To determine the prevalence of active trachoma and associated factors among children aged 1–9 years in rural communities of Metema District, West Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia. Method A community based cross-sectional study design was used to collect data from 792 children aged 1–9 years old in Metema district from April to May 2018. Multistage sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Pretested interviewer-administered structured questionnaire and eye examination using binocular loupe to differentiate trachoma cases was the data collection methods and tools. The bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression model was employed for analysis. P-value < 0.05 was considered to declare statistical significance. Results A total of 752 children aged l-9 years were enrolled in this study with response rate of 94.9%. The overall prevalence of active trachoma among the study participants was 11.8% (95% CI, 9.5–13.9). Unprotected source of water (AOR = 4.7; 95% CI: 2.5–8.9), lower household water consumption (AOR = 2.8; 95% CI: 1.3–6.0), improper latrine utilization (AOR = 3.2; 95% CI: 1.5–6.7), and frequency of face washing once per day (AOR = 5.3; 95% CI: 1.2–26.6) were the factors significantly associated with active trachoma. Conclusion The current study revealed a lower overall prevalence of active trachoma (11.8%) than the WHO threshold prevalence (20%) used to declare it as a severe public health problem. All residents and health professional should collaborate on trachoma prevention by implementing the WHO SAFE strategy- surgery for trichiasis, antibiotics, facial cleanliness and environmental improvement for further trachoma elimination.

scholarly journals Assessment on awareness towards preventive measures of COVID-19 in Sheka, Southwestern Ethiopia: Community based cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Assaye Belay Gelaw ◽  
Solomon Abebaw Andargie
Keyword(s):  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Critical Element ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Southwestern Ethiopia ◽  
Prevention Methods ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and it is the most important of public health problem worldwide. A critical element in tackling the COVID-19 crisis is personal behavioral change; however, there is a paucity of evidence about peoples’ awareness towards COVID-19 pandemic. Hence, the aim of this was to assess the community’s awareness status towards COVID-19 in Sheka, Southwestern Ethiopia.Methods: Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted 10th to 21th April 2020. Four hundred-nineteen individuals participated during the study. Both univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify significant factors of awareness status, and variables with p-value<0.05 indicated it significantly influences the awareness status of the individuals towards COVID-19.Results: According to the study’s results, nearly half (49.4 %) of the participants had awareness about COVID-19 pandemic. Factors such being female equal (AOR: 0.476, 95%CI: 0.293, 0.772),education being secondary and above(AOR:2.178,95%CI:1.323,3.586),and prevention methods being fully used (AOR,8.127,95%CI: 1.273, 51.871)were significantly influencing the awareness status of the community towards COVID-19 pandemic than their counterparts.Conclusion: The study showed that there is a low awareness status among people towards COVID-19.Hence, programs to improve awareness towards COVID-19 pandemic is essential to prevent and control the pandemic.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Onchocerciasis and Associated Factors among Adults Aged ≥ 15 Years in Semen Bench District, Bench Maji Zone, Southwest Ethiopia: Community Based Cross-Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bedilu Kifle ◽  
Kifle Woldemichael ◽  
Mamo Nigatu
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Southwest Ethiopia ◽  
Bivariate Logistic Regression

Background. Though onchocerciasis control and elimination through community directed treatment with ivermectin were conducted for the last fifteen years, prevalence of onchocerciasis and factors associated with it in the study area are yet not known. The aim of the current study is to assess prevalence of onchocerciasis and associated factors among adults aged greater than or equal to fifteen years in Semen Bench district, Bench Maji zone, southwest Ethiopia: community based cross-sectional study 2018. Methods. Community based cross-sectional study was conducted on 553 study participants selected by multistage sampling in April 2018. Data were collected using a pretested interviewer-administered questionnaire. Data were entered using EpiData version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 20 for statistical analysis. Descriptive statistics were done to summarize dependent and independent variables. Bivariate logistic regression was done to select candidate variables. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify independent predictors of onchocerciasis infection. Adjusted odds ratios with 95% CI were calculated to assess association and statistical significance, respectively. Confidence interval was used to declare statistical significance. Result. The overall prevalence of onchocerciasis infection in the study area was 6.32%. Age category of 35-44 years (AOR: 13.48, 95%CI: 3.51, 51.76), age of 45 years and above (AOR: 9.41, 95% CI: 2.26, 39.06), male sex (AOR 4.568, 95% C.I: 1.622, 12.861), not being compliant with ivermectin treatment (AOR: 3.804, 95%CI: 1.524, 9.49), and residing at less than 2Km from the river (AOR: 9.15, 95%CI: 3.9, 21.49) were significantly associated with onchocerciasis infection. Conclusion and Recommendation. After more than a decade of treatment with ivermectin, onchocerciasis in the study area is still hypoendemic. Zonal health department and other stakeholders should evaluate therapeutic coverage and community directed treatment with ivermectin in the study area. Zonal health department with other stokeholds should give community based information education communication, giving due attention to older ages, male residents, and those living near the rivers. Further community based study should also be done to identify factors hindering the community compliance with the treatment.

Factors influencing breast cancer awareness: a cross-sectional study in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 679-689
Author(s):  
Na Liu ◽  
Ping Li ◽  
Jie Wang ◽  
Ping-ping Guo ◽  
Xue-hui Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Information Literacy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cancer Awareness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breast Cancer Awareness ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Participants

Aim: This study aimed to explore the factors that influence breast cancer awareness. Materials & methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted between January and April 2019 in Changchun, Jilin Province, China. Results: A total of 274 women were recruited for this cross-sectional study. Participants had a moderate level of breast cancer awareness (median = 76.50 [68.75, 84.00]). Women in the action/maintenance stages reported higher breast cancer awareness (p = 0.044). Women's breast cancer awareness was positively associated with high health information literacy level, husbands' higher educational degrees, seeing doctors after detecting abnormal breast changes and living within a short distance from the nearest hospital. Conclusion: History of screening and higher health information literacy levels are important positive factors linked to higher breast cancer awareness.

scholarly journals Minimum Dietary Diversity and Associated Factors among Lactating Mothers in Ataye District, North Shoa Zone, Central Ethiopia: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Lemma Getacher ◽  
Gudina Egata ◽  
Tadesse Alemayehu ◽  
Agegnehu Bante ◽  
Abebaw Molla
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lactating Mothers ◽  
History Of ◽  
Minimum Dietary Diversity

Background. Low dietary diversity superimposed with poor-quality monotonous diets is a major problem that often results in undernutrition, mainly micronutrient deficiencies. However, there is limited evidence on minimum dietary diversity and associated factors among lactating mothers in resource-poor settings, including the study area. Therefore, the objective of the study is to assess the prevalence of minimum dietary diversity and associated factors among lactating mothers in Ataye District, Ethiopia. Methods. A community-based cross-sectional study design was used among 652 lactating mothers aged 15–49 years from January 25 to April 30, 2018. Dietary diversity was measured by the minimum dietary diversity indicator for women (MDD-W) using the 24-hour dietary recall method. Data were entered into EpiData version 4.2.0.0 and exported to the statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 24 for analysis using the logistic regression model. Results. The prevalence of minimum dietary diversity among lactating mothers was 48.8% (95% CI: (44.7%, 52.9%). Having formal education ((AOR = 2.16, 95% CL: (1.14, 4.09)), a final say on household purchases ((AOR = 5.39, 95% CI: (2.34, 12.42)), home gardening practices ((AOR = 2.67, 95% CI: (1.49, 4.81)), a history of illness ((AOR = 0.47, 95% CI: (0.26, 0.85)), good knowledge of nutrition ((AOR = 5.11, 95% CI: (2.68, 9.78)), being from food-secure households ((AOR = 2.96, 95% CI: (1.45, 6.07)), and medium ((AOR = 5.94, 95% CI: (2.82, 12.87)) and rich wealth indices ((AOR = 3.55, 95% CI: (1.76, 7.13)) were significantly associated with minimum dietary diversity. Conclusion. The prevalence of minimum dietary diversity among lactating mothers was low in the study area. It was significantly associated with mothers having a formal education, final say on the household purchase, home garden, good knowledge of nutrition, history of illness, food-secure households, and belonging to medium and rich household wealth indices. Therefore, efforts should be made to improve the mother’s decision-making autonomy, nutrition knowledge, household food security, and wealth status.

scholarly journals Relationship of ABO and Rh blood groups with history of gastritis in the undergraduate medical and dental students: a cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 372-377
Author(s):  
Nilu Manandhar ◽  
Kushal Bhattarai
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Medical And Dental Students

Background & Objectives: The various ABO and Rh blood groups with different distribution frequencies in the general population have been found to be associated with different diseases, most notably gastritis. Many studies have claimed Rh groups to be indifferent to such association. Nonetheless, ABO group is found to linked with chronic gastritis. The aim of this study was to estimate the frequencies of ABO and Rh blood groups and the gastritis amongst the first and second year undergraduate medical and dental students; and to study their relationships. Materials & Methods: In a descriptive, cross-sectional study, 247 study participants were enrolled. After procuring clearance from the institutional review committee and the informed and written consent from the study participants, data collection was done on the variables, year of study (first or second year), gender, blood groups (ABO and Rh) and history of gastritis (present or absent).Results: Blood group O was the commonest (n=99; 40.1%) followed by group B (n=77; 31.2%). Similarly, 239 (96.8%) participants were Rh-positive as compared to 8 (3.2%) Rh-negative. Interestingly, 46 (18.6%) of the participants reported positive history of gastritis. Participants with blood group O had the greatest odds (OR=1.64) of having history of gastritis compared with those with other blood groups combined. Distribution of study participants based on gender and history of gastritis in either systems of blood grouping shoed no significant difference in their proportions (p>0.05). Conclusion: In light of the above findings, further longitudinal studies can be designed to better asses the relationship.

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