scholarly journals What Drives Energy Efficiency in Africa? Insights from 12 Selected Countries Using Incremental Decomposition Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Alemzero ◽  
Sun Huaping
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Final Energy ◽  
Final Energy Consumption ◽  
Primary Energy Supply ◽  
Transmission And Distribution ◽  
Efficiency Indicators

Abstract This paper examines why Africa, and Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) in particular, has some of the worse energy efficiency indicators in the world. It examines the relationship between total primary energy supply (TPES), final energy consumption, and transmission and distribution (T&D) losses on the continent. We apply the Sun-Shaley incremental decomposition method of logarithmic mean divisia index (LMDI to twelve (12) African countries using data from 2000 to 2016 to decompose TPES into the effects of changes in final energy consumption (FEC), population change (POP), carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, and economic activity measured by gross domestic product (GDP), and their impact on energy efficiency. The method provides a precise decomposition analysis and incremental results that can be added to study the long-run impacts without any information missing in between. The findings show that the study countries have worsening energy efficiency indicators with energy intensity (EI) as high as 55%, coupled with an inefficient transformation of primary energy supply to final consumption, culminating in significant systems losses. It was further discovered that countries that have more significant proportions of renewables sources in their energy mix have lower transmission and distribution losses. This study serves as a guide to the policy discourse regarding the energy efficiency situation in Africa.

Decoupling Analysis of Economic Growth and Total Primary Energy Supply for the BRICS: 1971-2008

2011 ◽  
Vol 84-85 ◽  
pp. 765-769
Author(s):  
He Ming Wang ◽  
Qiang Yue ◽  
Zhong Wu Lu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Resource Consumption ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Decoupling Analysis ◽  
Primary Energy Supply ◽  
Total Resource

The decoupling conditions of GDP and Total Primary Energy Supply (TPES) for the BRICS in the period 1971-2008 were analyzed. It is concluded that in the studied period, the decoupling indicators of China and Russia are relatively higher than that of Brazil, South Africa and India. The BRICS’s decoupling distribution is similar to China, because China accounts for most part of TPES and GDP of the BRICS. To restrain the total resource or energy consumption from increasing too fast, it is suggested to match the indicators of GDP growth and the decreasing rate of resource consumption per unit of GDP appropriately.

Quantitative Assessment of Advanced Energy Efficiency Retrofitting for Hospitals in India

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lakshman Ravi Teja Pedamallu ◽  
Vivek Kumar Singh ◽  
Alvaro Peixoto Filipe Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
System Modeling ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
World Health ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Final Energy ◽  
Final Energy Demand

Achieving energy efficiency in buildings is an important factor in developed and as well in developing countries in order to meet its energy demand. Over the past few years, a number of reports have been emerged stating that the buildings sectors are responsible for approximately 31% of global final energy demand. Buildings account for 35% of total final energy consumption in India and building energy consumption is growing about 8% per years. Final energy demand in Indian building sector will grow up-to five times by the end of this century, driven by rapid income and population growth. Hospitals are institutions for the care of people with health problems and are usually functional 24hrs a day, all year around, which demands a lot of energy. Health sector is one of the largest and fastest growing sectors in India. By 2020, it is expected to become a $ 280 billion industry. In India hospitals contribute 23% of total energy consumption and the hospital building growth rate 12–15% in last decade. The World Health Organization estimated that India need 80,000 additional hospital beds every year to meet the demands of India’s population. The aim of this study is to assess the energy demand, energy savings & reduced greenhouse gas emissions by increasing the energy efficiency using advanced retrofitting. Bottom-Up Energy Analysis System (BUENAS) is an end use energy demand projection model for Hospital buildings in India, to normalize the assessment of energy-saving models also going to fill the gap in energy demand reduction by energy system modeling and decomposition analysis. Energy efficiency retrofitting of existing buildings plays a major role in developing country like India in order improve its energy security and minimizing the greenhouse gases. The positive effects of retrofitting of energy efficiency and need the policies and target base proposal for government intention to achieve the potential for energy efficiency are discussed.

scholarly journals 100% Renewable Energy for Austria’s Industry: Scenarios, Energy Carriers and Infrastructure Requirements

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1819
Author(s):  
Roman Geyer ◽  
Sophie Knöttner ◽  
Christian Diendorfer ◽  
Gerwin Drexler-Schmid ◽  
Verena Alton
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Energy Carriers ◽  
Final Energy ◽  
Industrial Energy ◽  
Final Energy Consumption

The need for decarbonization raises several questions. How can renewable energy supply for the industrial sector be realized in the long term? Furthermore, how must the existing energy system be transformed to achieve the ambitious climate targets in place? In Austria, the share of renewable energy supplying industrial energy demand currently accounts for only 45% of final energy consumption. This clearly shows that a conversion of industrial energy systems is necessary. Different ambitious perspectives for a renewable energy supply for the Austrian industrial sector are calculated for three defined scenarios (base, efficiency, transition) in this paper. In addition, corresponding requirements for the energy infrastructures are discussed. The scenario results show a range of industrial final energy consumption from 78 TWh (efficiency) to 105 TWh (transition) through decarbonizing the industrial energy supply (cf. 87 TWh in 2019). Decarbonization requires an increasing shift towards electrical energy, especially in the transition scenario, whereas in the base and efficiency scenarios, biogenic fuels play an important role. Comprehensive decarbonization and the associated substitution of energy carriers in industry pose significant challenges for the existing energy infrastructure, its expansion, and optimization.

scholarly journals Assessment of the potential for a biofuels industry in Ukraine

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 83-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Zulauf ◽  
Olena Prutska ◽  
Eleonora Kirieieva ◽  
Natalia Pryshliak
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Foreign Currency ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Policy Options ◽  
Domestic Markets ◽  
Export Orientation ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Primary Energy Supply

Ukraine is the only major agricultural country whose production of biofuels has declined since 2010. Nevertheless, it has set a target of 11.5 percent of primary energy supply from biomass, biofuels and waste by 2035. Agricultural land needed to produce biofuels feedstock is calculated for two scenarios based on its current 11.5 percent target and previous 5.0 percent target specified as a share of transport energy consumption. The export orientation of Ukraine’s crop sector and resulting foreign currency earnings pose trade-offs if crops are diverted from exports to biofuel feedstocks. Given these trade-offs, policy options for developing a biofuels industry while satisfying Ukraine’s export and domestic markets are to (1) bring land not currently cultivated into production and (2) increase yield. Both options are found to have substantial potential.

scholarly journals Analysis of Energy Consumption and Energy Efficiency in Government Office Buildings of Bengkulu, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2111 (1) ◽  
pp. 012052
Author(s):  
I A Rahardjo ◽  
M Djaohar ◽  
M Subekti ◽  
Parjiman ◽  
I Zakir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Office Buildings ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Final Energy ◽  
Final Energy Consumption ◽  
Consumption Intensity

Abstract This article aimed to analyze the energy consumption and energy efficiency in government office buildings of Bengkulu, Indonesia. This research was conducted using a quantitative descriptive method. The research step begins by observing the initial conditions of Energy Consumption Intensity (ECI) to determine the category of buildings that are efficient or not in terms of energy use, then collecting data on the profile of the use of the building and its rooms, recapitulation of the use of energy sources (both electrical energy and other chemical energy), a list of equipment that consumes electrical energy (lighting, air conditioning, and others). Furthermore, measuring the performance of systems and equipment that consumes energy and conducting efficiency analysis to then make recommendations with operating settings, to replace inefficient equipment with more efficient equipment. The final step is to draw conclusions about the final Energy Consumption Intensity (ECI) obtained based on the results of the analysis and recommendations obtained on the previous Energy Consumption Intensity (ECI) value. It can be concluded that the final Energy Consumption Intensity (ECI) of government office buildings of Bengkulu based on the results of the analysis and recommendations such as performing preventive maintenance on air conditioners, the temperature of the air conditioner is set to always be at 24°C, replacing the type of lamp in the artificial lighting system that still uses TLD lamps with LED lamps, and efforts in organizing energy management systems will decrease around 13 percent from the previous Energy Consumption Intensity (ECI) or down from 40.9 kWh/m2/year to be 35.6 kWh/m2/year.

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