Quantitative Assessment of Advanced Energy Efficiency Retrofitting for Hospitals in India

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lakshman Ravi Teja Pedamallu ◽  
Vivek Kumar Singh ◽  
Alvaro Peixoto Filipe Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
System Modeling ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
World Health ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Final Energy ◽  
Final Energy Demand

Achieving energy efficiency in buildings is an important factor in developed and as well in developing countries in order to meet its energy demand. Over the past few years, a number of reports have been emerged stating that the buildings sectors are responsible for approximately 31% of global final energy demand. Buildings account for 35% of total final energy consumption in India and building energy consumption is growing about 8% per years. Final energy demand in Indian building sector will grow up-to five times by the end of this century, driven by rapid income and population growth. Hospitals are institutions for the care of people with health problems and are usually functional 24hrs a day, all year around, which demands a lot of energy. Health sector is one of the largest and fastest growing sectors in India. By 2020, it is expected to become a $ 280 billion industry. In India hospitals contribute 23% of total energy consumption and the hospital building growth rate 12–15% in last decade. The World Health Organization estimated that India need 80,000 additional hospital beds every year to meet the demands of India’s population. The aim of this study is to assess the energy demand, energy savings & reduced greenhouse gas emissions by increasing the energy efficiency using advanced retrofitting. Bottom-Up Energy Analysis System (BUENAS) is an end use energy demand projection model for Hospital buildings in India, to normalize the assessment of energy-saving models also going to fill the gap in energy demand reduction by energy system modeling and decomposition analysis. Energy efficiency retrofitting of existing buildings plays a major role in developing country like India in order improve its energy security and minimizing the greenhouse gases. The positive effects of retrofitting of energy efficiency and need the policies and target base proposal for government intention to achieve the potential for energy efficiency are discussed.

scholarly journals Energy Use Efficiency Past-to-Future Evaluation: An International Comparison

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 3804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Nan Wang ◽  
Thi-Duong Nguyen ◽  
Min-Chun Yu
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
The United States ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Status ◽  
Energy Efficiency Evaluation

Despite the many benefits that energy consumption brings to the economy, consuming energy also leads nations to expend more resources on environmental pollution. Therefore, energy efficiency has been proposed as a solution to improve national economic competitiveness and sustainability. However, the growth in energy demand is accelerating while policy efforts to boost energy efficiency are slowing. To solve this problem, the efficiency gains in countries where energy consumption efficiency is of the greatest concern such as China, India, the United States, and Europe, especially, emerging economies, is central. Additionally, governments must take greater policy actions. Therefore, this paper studied 25 countries from Asia, the Americas, and Europe to develop a method combining the grey method (GM) and data envelopment analysis (DEA) slack-based measure model (SMB) to measure and forecast the energy efficiency, so that detailed energy efficiency evaluation can be made from the past to the future; moreover, this method can be extended to more countries around the world. The results of this study reveal that European countries have a higher energy efficiency than countries in Americas (except the United States) and Asian countries. Our findings also show that an excess of total energy consumption is the main reason causing the energy inefficiency in most countries. This study contributes to policymaking and strategy makers by sharing the understanding of the status of energy efficiency and providing insights for the future.

scholarly journals Energy and Emission Analysis of Residential Sector: A Case Study for Reshunga Municipality in Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 17-27
Author(s):  
Biswambhar Panthi ◽  
Nawraj Bhattarai
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Emission Analysis ◽  
Hilly Region ◽  
Ghg Reduction ◽  
Final Energy Demand

This paper presents energy consumption in a municipality within hilly region and also analyzes GHG emission under different scenario. For the purpose of study Reshunga municipality was taken, situated in Gulmi district of Nepal occupying an area of 82.74 sq.km. For collection of data, 368 houses were surveyed and the locals were interviewed on their annual consumption. The total energy consumption was 214.8 TJ where 78.25% was supplied by wood. LPG shared 16.14% of demand. Cooking (58%) and water boiling (26%) were the most demanding task. Most of the houses were equipped with ICS, with share 55% of energy demand in cooking. Four different scenario were studied viz. BAU, DSM, BSP and SDG. In, BAU scenario, the energy consumption will reach 245.3 TJ. In DSM scenario and BSP scenario the final energy demand will reduce to 230.7 TJ and 216.2 TJ. In SDG scenario, energy demand is reduced by 23.14%. The share of LPG increases to 22.36 % and electricity demand becomes more than doubles from reaching 10.64% in SDG. From year 2017-2030, there will be total accumulative increase of electricity requirement by 47.4 TJ, whereas total cumulative decrease of 433.5 TJ equivalents can be resulted in consumption of wood in SDG scenario. Cost-Benefit analysis study revealed that DSM will require an investment of 43.03K US$ for demand technologies and will reduce emission by 8.69 tCO2e. DSM will be cheapest in terms of cost per GHG reduction. SDG will cost 645.46K US$ and results in reduction of GHG by 47.79K tCO2e.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of the Energy Sector Development Trends and Forecast of Final Energy Demand in the Baltic States

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaclovas Miskinis ◽  
Arvydas Galinis ◽  
Inga Konstantinaviciute ◽  
Vidas Lekavicius ◽  
Eimantas Neniskis
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Baltic Region ◽  
Final Energy ◽  
Final Energy Consumption ◽  
Final Energy Demand ◽  
The Baltic

The paper provides a comparative analysis of economic growth in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania and discusses differences in development of the main sectors during the period 2000–2016. Based on detailed analysis of energy sector development, the driving factors influencing changes in primary energy consumption in each country and in the Baltic region are discovered. Increase of renewable energy sources (RES) consumption in the Baltic region over this period by 73.6% is emphasized. The paper presents valuable insights from analysis of trends in final energy consumption by sectors of the national economies, branches of the manufacturing sector, and by energy carriers. Long-term relationships between economic growth and final energy consumption are established. An econometric model was applied to predict final energy demand in the Baltic States for the 2020 horizon. It is emphasized that growing activities in the manufacturing and transport sectors will cause increase of final energy demand in all three countries. Based on detailed analysis of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions trends some positive shifts are shown and the necessity of new policies in the transport sector and agriculture is identified. Changes of emission intensity indicators are examined and a potential for decoupling of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from economic growth in Estonia is indicated.

scholarly journals Energy Efficiency Evaluation of Different Glazing and Shading Systems in a School Building

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 03052 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Khalaf ◽  
Touraj Ashrafian ◽  
Cem Demirci
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
School Building ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Lighting Energy ◽  
Energy Efficiency Evaluation

The energy conversations methods and techniques take a significant role in the energy performance of the buildings. Façade and shading systems are in continuous development, and recent studies are showing the importance of implementation of such systems to reduce energy consumption and enhance the effectiveness of the building performance. School buildings are mostly being used during daytime, hence, require active use of sunlight. A measure that is taken on a school building envelope can prevent overheating and overcooling and reduce the heating and cooling energy consumption but at the same time can increase the lighting energy consumption vice versa. Thus, it is necessary to optimise the energy required for climatisation of a building with lighting energy demand. The main aim of the paper is to provide analysis for façade and shading systems applied to a school building and study the effectiveness of it on energy consumption and conservation. The case study for this paper is a typical building project designed to be located in Istanbul, Turkey and has a traditional façade system which is clear double layer windows without any shading devices. The analyses of the energy efficiency of these systems will be presented. The different glazing types and shading systems alternatives will show the most efficient one to be used as some optimised alternatives for the systems. Findings indicate that proper glazing and shading systems can reduce the needed energy for heating and lightening and thus total energy consumption of a school building significantly.

scholarly journals What Drives Energy Efficiency in Africa? Insights from 12 Selected Countries Using Incremental Decomposition Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Alemzero ◽  
Sun Huaping
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Final Energy ◽  
Final Energy Consumption ◽  
Primary Energy Supply ◽  
Transmission And Distribution ◽  
Efficiency Indicators

Abstract This paper examines why Africa, and Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) in particular, has some of the worse energy efficiency indicators in the world. It examines the relationship between total primary energy supply (TPES), final energy consumption, and transmission and distribution (T&D) losses on the continent. We apply the Sun-Shaley incremental decomposition method of logarithmic mean divisia index (LMDI to twelve (12) African countries using data from 2000 to 2016 to decompose TPES into the effects of changes in final energy consumption (FEC), population change (POP), carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, and economic activity measured by gross domestic product (GDP), and their impact on energy efficiency. The method provides a precise decomposition analysis and incremental results that can be added to study the long-run impacts without any information missing in between. The findings show that the study countries have worsening energy efficiency indicators with energy intensity (EI) as high as 55%, coupled with an inefficient transformation of primary energy supply to final consumption, culminating in significant systems losses. It was further discovered that countries that have more significant proportions of renewables sources in their energy mix have lower transmission and distribution losses. This study serves as a guide to the policy discourse regarding the energy efficiency situation in Africa.

scholarly journals Energy performance of building heating - theory and reality on the example of educational buildings

2018 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
pp. 01018
Author(s):  
Piotr Lis ◽  
Anna Lis
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Final Energy ◽  
Theoretical Assumptions ◽  
Educational Buildings ◽  
Final Energy Demand ◽  
Actual Energy Consumption

The calculative methods, which are adopted in various fields of engineering, are usually a certain kind of theoretical approximation of reality. The deviations from a full consistency of actual conditions and theoretical assumptions occur also in case of building heating. This work presents the selected results of examinations connected with an annual energy consumption CH and annual final energy demand Qk,H for heating and conducted on the group of educational buildings. The presented analysis and its results regard the group including 46 of 50 educational buildings, which form a municipal group of the buildings of this type. The purpose of presented analysis was to examine the influence of possible occurrence and level of differences between the annual energy consumption CH and annual final energy demand Qk,H for heating of examined buildings. The realization of this purpose is the basis for further research and analysis aimed at determining the dominant reasons of mentioned differences, establishing their level and propose a calculative method for reducing the differences between the values "picturing" the thermal needs of educational buildings in actual (energy consumption CH) and theoretical (final energy demand Qk,H) conditions.

scholarly journals The Trends of the Energy Intensity and CO2 Emissions Related to Final Energy Consumption in Ecuador: Scenarios of National and Worldwide Strategies

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavio R. Arroyo M. ◽  
Luis J. Miguel
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Energy Matrix ◽  
Final Energy ◽  
A Value ◽  
Final Energy Consumption ◽  
Final Energy Demand

Climate change and global warming are related to the demand for energy, energy efficiency, and CO2 emissions. In this research, in order to project the trends in final energy demand, energy intensity, and CO2 emission production in Ecuador during a period between 2000 and 2030, a model has been developed based on the dynamics of the systems supported by Vensim simulation models. The energy matrix of Ecuador has changed in recent years, giving more importance to hydropower. It is conclusive that, if industrialized country policies or trends on the use of renewable energy and energy efficiency were applied, the production of CO2 emissions by 2030 in Ecuador would reach 42,191.4 KTCO2, a value well below the 75,182.6 KTCO2 that would be seen if the current conditions are maintained. In the same way, by 2030, energy intensity would be reduced to 54% compared to the beginning of the simulation period.

An analysis of energy consumption for a selection of countries in the Southern African Development Community

2010 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Merven ◽  
Alison Hughes ◽  
Stephen Davis
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Southern African Development Community ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
African Development ◽  
Final Energy ◽  
Final Energy Demand ◽  
Business As Usual

This paper examines the energy consumption, supply and resources of some of the countries in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) in 2005, the base year for this analysis. The region is rich in energy resources and currently enjoys relatively stable and affordable electricity. Except in the case of Botswana, Mauritius, Namibia and South Africa, final energy demand is dominated by the residential sector in the form of biomass. Energy consumption or final energy demand in Angola, Botswana, Mozambique, South Africa, Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe is projected to 2030 using a Long Range Energy Alternatives Plan-ning (LEAP) model in a ‘business as usual’ scenario, the other countries being left out because of poor quality data. The projections are carried out by relating historic sectoral GDP and population growth in each country to energy demand and then using the historical link and the projections of these drivers to project energy demand. The analysis under this ‘business as usual’ scenario seems to indicate that we can expect to see a large increase in consumption in these countries, especially in the form of biomass and electricity. In both cases, supply is a concern. Having established what the present resources are; what some of the supply elements are currently in place; what the base-year demand is; and some basic relationships between demand and socio-economic drivers, this paper sets the stage for further studies that include the future energy supply; regional trade; and scenario analysis using indicators of sustainable development for the region. However, further analysis of the regional energy system, is only valuable if it is supported by good data. A reliable energy balance is needed for the countries not modelled here, and in the case of the modelled countries, better data is also needed, especially in the use biomass.

scholarly journals Control Strategies for Daylight and Artificial Lighting in Office Buildings—A Bibliometrically Assisted Review

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3852
Author(s):  
Daniel Plörer ◽  
Sascha Hammes ◽  
Martin Hauer ◽  
Vincent van Karsbergen ◽  
Rainer Pfluger
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Future Trend ◽  
Office Buildings ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Integral Control ◽  
Artificial Lighting

A significant proportion of the total energy consumption in office buildings is attributable to lighting. Enhancements in energy efficiency are currently achieved through strategies to reduce artificial lighting by intelligent daylight utilization. Control strategies in the field of daylighting and artificial lighting are mostly rule-based and focus either on comfort aspects or energy objectives. This paper aims to provide an overview of published scientific literature on enhanced control strategies, in which new control approaches are critically analysed regarding the fulfilment of energy efficiency targets and comfort criteria simultaneously. For this purpose, subject-specific review articles from the period between 2015 and 2020 and their research sources from as far back as 1978 are analysed. Results show clearly that building controls increasingly need to address multiple trades to achieve a maximum improvement in user comfort and energy efficiency. User acceptance can be highlighted as a decisive factor in achieving targeted system efficiencies, which are highly determined by the ability of active user interaction in the automatic control system. The future trend is moving towards decentralized control concepts including appropriate occupancy detection and space zoning. Simulation-based controls and learning systems are identified as appropriate methods that can play a decisive role in reducing building energy demand through integral control concepts.

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