scholarly journals Analysis of Energy Consumption and Energy Efficiency in Government Office Buildings of Bengkulu, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2111 (1) ◽  
pp. 012052
Author(s):  
I A Rahardjo ◽  
M Djaohar ◽  
M Subekti ◽  
Parjiman ◽  
I Zakir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Office Buildings ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Final Energy ◽  
Final Energy Consumption ◽  
Consumption Intensity

Abstract This article aimed to analyze the energy consumption and energy efficiency in government office buildings of Bengkulu, Indonesia. This research was conducted using a quantitative descriptive method. The research step begins by observing the initial conditions of Energy Consumption Intensity (ECI) to determine the category of buildings that are efficient or not in terms of energy use, then collecting data on the profile of the use of the building and its rooms, recapitulation of the use of energy sources (both electrical energy and other chemical energy), a list of equipment that consumes electrical energy (lighting, air conditioning, and others). Furthermore, measuring the performance of systems and equipment that consumes energy and conducting efficiency analysis to then make recommendations with operating settings, to replace inefficient equipment with more efficient equipment. The final step is to draw conclusions about the final Energy Consumption Intensity (ECI) obtained based on the results of the analysis and recommendations obtained on the previous Energy Consumption Intensity (ECI) value. It can be concluded that the final Energy Consumption Intensity (ECI) of government office buildings of Bengkulu based on the results of the analysis and recommendations such as performing preventive maintenance on air conditioners, the temperature of the air conditioner is set to always be at 24°C, replacing the type of lamp in the artificial lighting system that still uses TLD lamps with LED lamps, and efforts in organizing energy management systems will decrease around 13 percent from the previous Energy Consumption Intensity (ECI) or down from 40.9 kWh/m2/year to be 35.6 kWh/m2/year.

scholarly journals Evaluasi Penggunaan Listrik dengan Metode Konservasi Energi untuk Efisiensi Energi di Gedung FKIP UNTIRTA

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-21
Author(s):  
Fahrizal Tunjung Kresnadi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy Audit ◽  
Building Area ◽  
Led Lights ◽  
Consumption Intensity ◽  
Area Data

Knowing the level of intensity of energy consumption (IKE) in the FKIP Untirta building using the energy audit method for achieving energy efficiency. The data used in data collection in the form of electricity usage data, building area data and observations made by researchers. Analysis of the data used in this study is to use the formula of energy consumption intensity. The results showed the IKE value of the CB FKIP Untirta building was 254.5 kWh/m2. With these results, it can be seen that the IKE value in the CB FKIP Untirta building is still inefficient. This is based on ASEAN-USAID parameters which range at 240 kWh/m2. Based on electrical energy consumption in the CB FKIP Untirta building there is an opportunity for energy saving or energy saving solutions that are replacing TL lamps with Led lights or by replacing TL lamps that are smaller watts and in terms of air conditioning or air conditioning load replacing R32 refrigerant with R32 refrigerant mixture and The R290 has proven to be quite efficient in terms of savings and energy efficiency. And the duration of use of electrical energy.

Relationship between Energy Consumption and Service Level: A Survey of Class a Office Buildings in Shanghai

2014 ◽  
Vol 953-954 ◽  
pp. 1545-1549
Author(s):  
Liang Zhang ◽  
Peng Xu ◽  
Zheng Wei Li
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Average Energy ◽  
Service Level ◽  
Office Buildings ◽  
Occupancy Rate ◽  
Class A ◽  
Base Section ◽  
Consumption Intensity

There has been a boom of Class A office buildings in Shanghai in recent years. Due to the high requirements of indoor environment in Class A office buildings, these buildings typically consume larger energy than other office buildings. To have a picture of how these buildings perform in terms of energy, a survey was conducted recently. This survey was targeted at investigating monthly energy consumption, occupancy rate, and Indoor Environment Quality of twenty Class A office buildings in Shanghai in two consecutive years (2009 and 2010). The results show that average energy consumption intensity of surveyed buildings amounts 230.52 kWh/m2. The energy consumption intensity of the base section (including energy use for public services) is about two times higher than that of the tenant section (energy use in tenant space), suggesting that base section has larger energy saving potential than tenant section. The results also indicate that energy consumption of Class A office buildings has no direct relationship with occupancy rate and IEQ. However, the LEED certified green buildings do bring higher rent in average to building owners.

scholarly journals What Drives Energy Efficiency in Africa? Insights from 12 Selected Countries Using Incremental Decomposition Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Alemzero ◽  
Sun Huaping
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Final Energy ◽  
Final Energy Consumption ◽  
Primary Energy Supply ◽  
Transmission And Distribution ◽  
Efficiency Indicators

Abstract This paper examines why Africa, and Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) in particular, has some of the worse energy efficiency indicators in the world. It examines the relationship between total primary energy supply (TPES), final energy consumption, and transmission and distribution (T&D) losses on the continent. We apply the Sun-Shaley incremental decomposition method of logarithmic mean divisia index (LMDI to twelve (12) African countries using data from 2000 to 2016 to decompose TPES into the effects of changes in final energy consumption (FEC), population change (POP), carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, and economic activity measured by gross domestic product (GDP), and their impact on energy efficiency. The method provides a precise decomposition analysis and incremental results that can be added to study the long-run impacts without any information missing in between. The findings show that the study countries have worsening energy efficiency indicators with energy intensity (EI) as high as 55%, coupled with an inefficient transformation of primary energy supply to final consumption, culminating in significant systems losses. It was further discovered that countries that have more significant proportions of renewables sources in their energy mix have lower transmission and distribution losses. This study serves as a guide to the policy discourse regarding the energy efficiency situation in Africa.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KONSUMSI ENERGI LISTRIK UNTUK PENCAPAIAN EFISIENSI ENERGI DI KANTOR DEWAN PERWAKILAN RAKYAT DAERAH KABUPATEN TOJO UNA-UNA

Foristek ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Duldes S. Lambey ◽  
Nurhani Amin ◽  
Yulius S. Pirade ◽  
Rudi Santoso
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
House Of Representatives ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Consumption Intensity

Audit of Electrical Energy at the Regional House of Representatives of the Tojo Una-Una District is a comprehensive method in examining energy use in a building to find the value of Energy Consumption Intensity (IKE) and Energy Saving Opportunities (PHE) that can be obtained to reduce energy waste so that the consumption of electrical energy is more effective and efficient. The audit of Electrical Energy is carried out according to SNI 03-6196-2000 concerning Energy audit procedures in buildings and the Regulation of the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources of the Republic of Indonesia Number 13 of 2012 concerning Savings Electricity Consumption. The results of the evaluation of the Energy Consumption Intensity Calculation conducted at the Office of the Regional House of Representatives of Tojo Una-Una District known that there are 16 rooms with the criteria for the Energy Consumption Intensity (IKE) value, namely an office building with air conditioning has efficient enough 8 rooms, wasteful 3 rooms and based on office buildings without Air-conditioning is quite efficient in 3 rooms and wasteful in 2 rooms. The results of Energy Saving Opportunities (PHE) that have been identified by using air conditioning and energy-saving lamps, reducing hours of use without reducing the quality of service in the office can save electricity consumption of 2.339,5165 kWh/month or save electricity bill payments of IDR. 3.379.899,60/month.

scholarly journals Audit Energi Listrik Berbasis Hasil Pengukuran dan Monitoring Besaran Listrik pada Gedung A Fakultas Teknik Unila

Electrician ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
Dikpride Despa ◽  
Gigih Forda Nama ◽  
Trisya Septiana ◽  
Muhammad Bayu Saputra
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Energy Audit ◽  
Periodic Maintenance ◽  
Efficient Level ◽  
Energy Audits ◽  
Consumption Intensity

Intisari — Gedung A Fakultas Teknik Unila berlokasi di Jalan S. Brojonegoro No. 1 Bandar Lampung. Penggunaan energi listrik pada gedung A ini tidak tercatat secara pasti karena memang belum tersedia kWh Meter tersendiri pada Gedung, sehingga tidak dapat dipastikan apakah penggunaan energi sudah efisien atau belum. Untuk itu perlu dilakukan audit penggunaan energi listrik guna mengetahui nilai Intensitas Konsumsi Energi (IKE) yang memberikan informasi tingkat efisiensi penggunaan energinya. Pengukuran konsumsi energi secara langsung adalah metode audit yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan nilai aktual dan peluang dalam rangka konservasi dan efisiensi energi. Dari hasil pengukuran diperoleh nilai IKE adalah 9,487kWh/m2/bulan dan termasuk kategori efisien untuk gedung ber AC menurut Peraturan Menteri ESDM No.13 Tahun 2012, namun demikian beberapa peralatan penggunaannya masih boros energi sehingga dimungkinkan adanya peluang yang dapat dilakukan untuk menjadi lebih efisien. Rekomendasi yang diberikan berkenaan dengan hasil audit dan temuan di lapangan adalah dengan menggunakan peralatan peralatan hemat energi, mengatur suhu ruangan yang tidak melebihi 10% lebih rendah dari suhu diluar ruangan, melakukan perawatan berkala terhadap peralatan listrik, menutup jendela ketika AC sedang nyala, memasang door closer pada pintu utama serta disiplin dalam pengoperasian peralatan listrik. Rekomendasi ini dapat menurunkan nilai IKE menjadi 8,424 kwh/m2/bulan (sangat efisien).Kata kunci — Audit Energi, IKE, Bangunan Gedung FT-Unila, Efisiensi Energi Abstract — A building Faculty of Engineering Unila is located at Jalan S. Brojonegoro No. 1 Bandar Lampung. The use of electrical energy in A building is not recorded definitively because it’s not available kwh meter in building it’s own, so it can’t be ascertained whether the use of energy is efficient or not. Therefore, it is necessary to audit the use of electrical energy in order to know the value of Energy Consumption Intensity (IKE) that provides information on the level of energy efficiency. Energy audits on buildings not only provide efficient level of information, but also provide  recommendations for actions that can be taken to achieve efficient value without compromising the sense of comfort in conducting activities in the space in each audited building. Direct measurement of energy consumption is an audit method conducted in this research to obtain actual value and opportunities in the framework of energy conservation and efficiency. From the measurement obtained IKE value is 9,487kwh/m2/month and belongs to the efficient category for air-conditioned buildings according to Regulation of the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources No.13 of 2012, but nevertheless some equipment use is still wasteful of energy so that there are possible opportunities that can be done to be more efficient. Recommendations given with regard to the results of audits and findings in the field are to use energy efficient equipment, regulate room temperature that does not exceed 10% lower than the outdoor temperature, perform periodic maintenance of electrical equipment, close windows when the air conditioner is on, install door closers on the main door and discipline in the operation of electrical equipment. This recommendation can reduce the value of IKE to 8,424 kwh/m2/month (very efficient).Keywords— Energy Audit, IKE, the building of FT-Unila, energy eficiency

scholarly journals Evaluation of Energy Efficiency Potential for the Building Sector in the Arab Region

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 4279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moncef Krarti
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Existing Buildings ◽  
Building Sector ◽  
Arab Region ◽  
Final Energy Consumption ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Current Energy

The paper overviews the current energy demand trends in the building sector for the Arab region using reported historical energy consumption. Moreover, the paper describes the current energy efficiency policies and regulations for all the Arab countries specific to both residential and commercial buildings. Finally, the paper evaluates potential benefits for large-scale energy efficiency programs specific to new and existing building stocks within the Arab region using a bottom-up analysis approach. The analysis of the available energy consumption for all the Arab countries has shown that the Arab region presents a significant variation in energy consumption levels between its sub-regions and countries. Indeed, the Arab region includes oil-producing countries such as Saudi Arabia with the largest energy use per capita in the World with over 9000 kWh/person of electricity used annually in buildings. However, the same region has the least developed countries such as Sudan and Yemen with the lowest energy use per capita in the World with barely 100 kWh/person/year of electrical consumption. The review of the existing regulations has indicated that several Arab countries have not implemented any energy efficiency codes and standards for building envelope, lighting, heating and cooling equipment, and appliances. A cost-effectiveness analysis has indicated that the Arab region can incur significant benefits in upgrading the energy efficiency of its new and existing buildings especially its households. Specifically, the adoption and the enforcement of stringent energy efficiency codes for new residential and commercial buildings can result in a reduction of 12.7 TWh/year in final annual energy consumption for the Arab region. Moreover, retrofit programs targeting existing buildings can save up to 470 TWh or a third of the building sector final energy consumption per year after 2030. Combining comprehensive energy efficiency requirements for new buildings and extensive retrofit programs for existing buildings would reduce the total final energy consumption of the building sector in the Arab region by 600 TWh by 2030 and by 900 TWh by 2050 if all the energy programs start to be implemented by 2020.

scholarly journals Audit Kelistrikan pada Gedung Administrasi Niaga (AB) dan Akuntansi (AC) Politeknik Negeri Malang

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
Ahmad Hermawan ◽  
Budi Eko Prasetyo ◽  
Chandra Wiharya ◽  
Roby Try Satya Hutama
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Safety Equipment ◽  
Load Current ◽  
Consumption Intensity ◽  
Average Consumption

This study aims to analyze the average consumption of electrical energy and the Intensity of Energy Consumption (IKE) and the effect of temperature of electrical equipment in the main panel of the AB and AC buildings on the applicable electrical standards in the AB and AC buildings of Politeknik Negeri Malang. From the research, the results of the average consumption of electrical energy in each building are 2591.96 kWh and 1799.74 kWh per month, the value of Energy Consumption Intensity (IKE) is 34.55 kWh / m2 and 34.11 kWh / m2, both results fall into the category of energy use. very efficient, all the equipment in the panels of the two buildings is in good condition according to the PLN SK DIR 520 2014 book, the highest temperature value of the safety equipment is 32.8 ᵒC at NH Fuse T. this is due to the current flowing of 34.29A, the value of the equipment with the lowest temperature of 27.8 C on MCB C16 with a maximum standard of 45 C, the current conductive capacity is still in accordance with using a 2.5 mm2 cable with KHA 46 A, while the load current for each branch is protected by MCB 10 A. For cooling in rooms that use AC The split is 28,000 BTU / hour and it is still below the standard of 38,000 BTU / hour.

scholarly journals Evaluation of CO2 emissions and energy use with different container terminal layouts

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Arif Budiyanto ◽  
Muhammad Hanzalah Huzaifi ◽  
Simon Juanda Sirait ◽  
Putu Hangga Nan Prayoga
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Container Terminal ◽  
Container Terminals ◽  
Future Planning ◽  
Container Handling

AbstractSustainable development of container terminals is based on energy efficiency and reduction in CO2 emissions. This study estimated the energy consumption and CO2 emissions in container terminals according to their layouts. Energy consumption was calculated based on utility data as well as fuel and electricity consumptions for each container-handling equipment in the container terminal. CO2 emissions were estimated using movement modality based on the number of movements of and distance travelled by each container-handling equipment. A case study involving two types of container terminal layouts i.e. parallel and perpendicular layouts, was conducted. The contributions of each container-handling equipment to the energy consumption and CO2 emissions were estimated and evaluated using statistical analysis. The results of the case study indicated that on the CO2 emissions in parallel and perpendicular layouts were relatively similar (within the range of 16–19 kg/TEUs). These results indicate that both parallel and perpendicular layouts are suitable for future ports based on sustainable development. The results can also be used for future planning of operating patterns and layout selection in container terminals.

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