scholarly journals Utilization of Biotechnology, Neurotransmitter and Cytogenetic Indices in Selecting Pigeon Breeds

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed El-Sayed ◽  
N. S. Ibrahim ◽  
Heba A.E.M. Assi ◽  
Mona E. Abdel Gwwad ◽  
W. S. Fouad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Dna Polymorphism ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
The Body ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Drd4 Gene ◽  
Acid Structure ◽  
Amino Acid Structure

Abstract The DNA polymorphism LDH-A and DRD4 gene, some neurotransmitter and cytogenetic indices of three sexed pigeon breeds; non-racing pigeons (wild rock), racing long and short distances pigeons (e.g: Gan aarden) and (e.g: Gansen) have been performed. The long-distance pigeon demonstrated the highest levels of neurotransmitters in brain tissues. Long distance male pigeons have a unique LDH-A polymorphism, so A changed to G, which means that changes in gene expression resulted in differences in amino acid structure K(lys) was converted to E(glu) in the LDH-A gene only in long distance male pigeons compared to other breeds. In addition to this, the DRD4 polymorphism of long distance male pigeons in which A changed to C and A changed to T indicates the presence of a unique diversity in this breed. This means that changes in gene expression resulted in overall amino acid structure differences only in long distance male pigeons when compared to other breeds, where R(arg) and L(leu) were converted to S(ser) and F(phe). Neurotransmitters are synthesised in the body from these amino acids. It concluded that measurements would be useful indices for the differentiation, genetic characterization, provide a foundation for conservation programs of the breeding and selecting racing pigeon breeders.

scholarly journals Study of amino-acid structure Lemna minor L

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 74-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Nikiforov ◽  
M. V. Belousov ◽  
N. S. Fursa
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Lemna Minor ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Highly Effective ◽  
First Time ◽  
Acid Structure ◽  
Amino Acid Structure

For the first time qualitative and quantitative amino-acid structure Lemna minor L. is studied with use of a highly effective liquid chromatography. Presence 18 proteinogennic amino acids, including 8 irreplaceable is established. The sum of replaceable amino acids of a duckweed small is presented monoaminocarboxylic,monoaminodicarboxylic, diaminomonocarboxylic and heterocyclic acids. Irreplaceable amino acids are presented monoaminomonocarboxylic and diaminomonocarboxylic by acids.

Synthesis and Fungicidal Activity of Lipophylic N- and O-Acyl Derivatives of β-Hydroxy ᴅʟ-α-Amino Acids

2003 ◽  
Vol 58 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 366-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nijole Dirvianskytė ◽  
Juozapas Straukas ◽  
Valdemaras Razumas ◽  
Eugenius Butkus
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Verticillium Dahliae ◽  
Fungicidal Activity ◽  
Growth Of Fungi ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Acyl Derivatives ◽  
Acid Structure ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Amino Acid Structure

Abstract Synthesis of N- and O-acyl derivatives of ᴅʟ-serine and threo-ᴅʟ-phenylserine was accomplished by a regioselective acylation of the corresponding amino acid. The residues introduced into amino acid structure contain hydrophobic long chain or aromatic, namely lauroyl, myristoyl and phenylacetyl moieties. The fungicidal activity against six strains of fungi was studied. Several compounds were found to be effective against growth of fungi, and Omyristoyl- ᴅʟ-serine 2 and N-phenylacetyl-threo-ᴅʟ-phenylserine 8 completely inhibited the growth of the mycelium of the fungus Verticillium dahliae.

N-Benzoyl amino acids as LFA-1/ICAM inhibitors 1: amino acid structure–activity relationship

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1015-1018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Burdick ◽  
Ken Paris ◽  
Kenneth Weese ◽  
Mark Stanley ◽  
Maureen Beresini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Structure Activity Relationship ◽  
Activity Relationship ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Acid Structure ◽  
Amino Acid Structure

scholarly journals Regulation of rat magnocellular neurosecretory system by D-aspartate: evidence for biological role(s) of a naturally occurring free D-amino acid in mammals

2000 ◽  
Vol 167 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Wang ◽  
H Wolosker ◽  
J Pevsner ◽  
SH Snyder ◽  
DJ Selkoe
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Physiological Function ◽  
Neurosecretory System ◽  
Milk Ejection ◽  
Magnocellular Neurons ◽  
Rat Hypothalamus ◽  
Naturally Occurring

Little evidence is available for the physiological function of D-amino acids in species other than bacteria. Here we demonstrate that naturally occurring freed -aspartate (D-Asp) is present in all magnocellular neurons of rat hypothalamus. The levels of this naturally occurring D-amino acid were elevated during lactation and returned to normal thereafter in the magnocellular neurosecretory system, which produces oxytocin, a hormone responsible for milk ejection during lactation. Intraperitoneal injections of D-Asp reproducibly increased oxytocin gene expression and decreased the concentration of circulating oxytocin in vivo. Similar changes were observed in the vasopressin system. These results provide evidence for the role(s) of naturally occurring free D-Asp in mammalian physiology. The findings argue against the conventional concept that only L-stereoisomers of amino acids are functional in higher species.

Root uptake and xylem transport of cadmium in wheat and triticale as affected by exogenous amino acids

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 415 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Khodamoradi ◽  
A. H. Khoshgoftarmanesh ◽  
S. A. M. Mirmohammady Maibody
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Xylem Sap ◽  
Root Uptake ◽  
Plant Roots ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Long Distance

Organic acids exuded from plant roots significantly modify uptake and long-distance translocation of metals. Little is known about the effect of amino acids on metal ion uptake by plant roots. The present study investigated the effects of exogenous amino acids (histidine and glycine) in a nutrient solution on root uptake and xylem sap transport of cadmium (Cd) in triticale (× Triticosecale cv. Elinor) and bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Back Cross Rushan). Plant seedlings were grown in a Cd-free modified Hoagland nutrient solution to which 1 µm Cd was added with either 50 µm histidine or 50 µm glycine or without amino acids at 4 weeks after germination. A control treatment consisted of a nutrient solution free of Cd and amino acids. In bread wheat, addition of histidine to the Cd-containing nutrient solution resulted in a higher operationally defined symplastic Cd fraction but a lower apoplastic one in the roots. In triticale, addition of either amino acid decreased the symplastic Cd fraction but increased the apoplastic one. Addition of histidine to the nutrient solution increased Cd concentration in wheat xylem sap but had no significant effect on Cd concentration in triticale xylem sap. Compared with the Cd-only treatment, the glycine-containing treatment led to significantly reduced Cd concentrations in xylem sap of both plant species. Wheat plants supplied with histidine and Cd accumulated greater amounts of Cd in their shoots than those supplied with Cd alone. Glycine had no significant effects on the Cd content of wheat shoots but decreased it in triticale shoots. Results indicate that the effects of amino acids on plant root uptake and xylem sap translocation of Cd depend on the type of amino acid supplemented. This finding is of great importance for selecting and/or breeding cultivars with Cd-toxicity tolerance.

scholarly journals Genetic characterization and phylogenetic study of Indonesian indigenous catfish based on mitochondrial cytochrome B gene

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-103
Author(s):  
Dorothea Vera Megarani ◽  
Herjuno Ari Nugroho ◽  
Zahrah Prawita Andarini ◽  
Yura Dwi Risa B. R. Surbakti ◽  
Rini Widayanti
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Cytochrome B ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Phylogenetic Study ◽  
Cyt B ◽  
Phylogenetic Structure ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome B ◽  
Sperata Seenghala ◽  
Cyt B Gene

Aim: This study aimed to determine the genetic characterization and phylogenetic structure of Indonesian indigenous catfish using cytochrome B (Cyt B) sequences. Materials and Methods: The genomes of 26 catfishes caught from nine rivers from nine different geographical locations around Indonesia were analyzed. The tissue isolation method was used to isolate the total genome of the fishes. Furthermore, polymerase chain reaction was done to amplify the mtDNA Cyt B using the CytBF and CytBR primers. Following sequencing, the analysis of genetic variation and the phylogenetic relationship was performed using MEGA version X software. Results: Cyt B gene sequencing attained a total of 1139 nucleotides encrypting 379 amino acids for all samples. The ClustalW alignment program using MEGA X software revealed 395 substituted nucleotides, which then translated into 63 amino acid variation sites among all 26 samples. No amino acids in catfish BB were different compared to catfish PM, MP, and KR2,3. Catfish MS had one modified amino acid; KR1 and KS had two different amino acids; BF had 38 different amino acids; EM had 31 different amino acids; and BSBJ had 26 different amino acids compared to catfish BB. The most significant alteration of amino acids was between catfish EM and BF (49 amino acids). Conclusion: Indonesian catfish were divided into five clades based on the Cyt B gene. Samples KR and MP (Sumatra); MS and BB (Kalimantan); and PM (Java) were clustered with Hemibagrus nemurus and Hemibagrus wyckioides (Bagridae family). Samples from Kalimantan (KS) and one sample of KR (KR1) from Sumatra were clustered with Sperata seenghala and Hemibagrus spilopterus (Bagridae family). Samples from Java (BSBJ) were clustered with Pseudolais pleurotaenia (Pangasiidae family). Samples EM (Java) were together with Mystus cavasius (Bagridae family). Samples from West Papua were clustered with Potamosilurus latirostris (Ariidae family).

scholarly journals Unusual Aggregation Properties of Single Amino Acid L-Lysine Hydrochloride

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bharti Koshti ◽  
Ramesh Singh ◽  
Vivekshinh Kshtriya ◽  
Shanka Walia ◽  
Dhiraj Bhatia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Self ◽  
Single Amino Acid ◽  
Maple Syrup ◽  
Self Assembling

<p>.<br></p><p>The self-assembly of single amino acids is very important topic of research since there are plethora of diseases like phenylketonuria, tyrosinemia, hypertryptophanemia, hyperglycinemia, cystinuria and maple syrup urine disease to name a few which are caused by the accumulation or excess of amino acids. These are in-born errors of metabolisms (IEM’s) which are caused due to the deficiency of enzymes involved in catabolic pathways of these enzymes. Hence, it is very pertinent to understand the fate of these excess amino acids in the body and their self-assembling behaviour at molecular level. From the previous literature reports it may be surmised that the single amino acids like Phenylalanine, Tyrosine, Tryptophan, Cysteine and Methionine assemble to amyloid like structures, and hence have important implications in the pathophysiology of IEM’s like phenylketonuria, tyrosinemia, hypertryptophanemia, cystinuria and hypermethioninemia respectively. In this manuscript we report the self-assembly of lysine hydrocholride to fiber like structures in deionized water. It could be observed that lysine assemble to globular structures in fresh condition and then gradually changes to fiber like morphologies by self-association over time after 24 hours. These fibers gradually change to tubular morphologies after 3 day followed by fractal irregular morphologies in 10 and 15 days respectively. Notably, lysine exists as positively charged amino acid at physiological pH and the amine groups in lysine remain protonated. Hence, the self-assembling properties of lysine hydrochloride in deionized water is also pertinent and give insights into the fate of this amino acid in body in case it remains unmetabolized. Further, MTT assays were done to analyse the toxicities of these aggregates and the assay suggest their cytotoxic nature on SHSY5Y neural cell lines. Hence, the aggregation of lysine may be attributed to the pathological symptoms caused in diseases like hyperlysinemia which is associated with the neurological problems like seizures and short-term memory as observed in case of amyloid diseases like Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s to name a few.</p>

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