scholarly journals Traditional Chinese Medicine for Stroke Treatment Inhibits Abnormal Amyloid Precursor Processing in Alzheimer’s Disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Tan ◽  
Zihui Xu ◽  
Jiani Zhang ◽  
Ke Yang ◽  
Fang He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Stroke Therapy ◽  
Stroke Treatment ◽  
App Processing ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits ◽  
Aβ Production ◽  
Bace1 Activity

Abstract Ethnopharmacological relevance: Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has a long history in oriental countries for its therapeutic benefits with stroke therapy, and improves cognitive deficits in those patients, but the potential impact on Alzheimer’s disease therapy remains unknown. Objective: To address this issue, in vitro, we have examined the effects of four types of TCMs selected from the ginsenoside family of drugs that are currently used in clinical stroke therapy on APP processing, DengZhanXiXin (D1), TongLuoJiuNao (T2), QingKaiLing (Q3) and HuangQinGan (H4). Materials and methods: APP, BACE1 and C99 stable transfected cells have been used to test the APP processing. The Aβ production, BACE1, NEP and γ-secretase activity were assessed by ELISA, RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Results: In this study, D1 increases Aβ production but reduces the ratio of Aβ42/Aβ40 by up-regulating BACE1 activity; T2 reduces Aβ production and Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio by down-regulating BACE1 activity and modulating γ-secretase expression; Q3 reduces Aβ production by down-regulating BACE1 activity; H4 does not change Aβ production by the compromising effects on down-regulating BACE1 and NEP activity. Conclusion: These studies suggest that these four anti-stroke TCMs show different mechanisms on APP processing, and have the potential to be used in Aβ clearance; particularly, T2 with relatively simple components and evident effects in APP processing may be a promising candidate for the treatment of AD.

scholarly journals Neuronal aging potentiates beta-amyloid generation via amyloid precursor protein endocytosis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Burrinha ◽  
Ricardo Gomes ◽  
Ana Paula Terrasso ◽  
Cláudia Guimas Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Amyloid Precursor Protein ◽  
Precursor Protein ◽  
App Processing ◽  
Early Endosomes ◽  
Primary Mouse ◽  
Β Amyloid ◽  
Aβ Production

AbstractAging increases the risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). During normal aging synapses decline and β-Amyloid (Aβ) accumulates. An Aβ defective clearance with aging is postulated as responsible for Aβ accumulation, although a role for increased Aβ production with aging can also lead to Aβ accumulation. To test this hypothesis, we established a long-term culture of primary mouse neurons that mimics neuronal aging (lysosomal lipofuscin accumulation and synapse decline). Intracellular endogenous Aβ42 accumulated in aged neurites due to increased amyloid-precursor protein (APP) processing. We show that APP processing is up-regulated by a specific age-dependent increase in APP endocytosis. Endocytosed APP accumulated in early endosomes that, in turn were found augmented in aged neurites. APP processing and early endosomes up-regulation was recapitulated in vivo. Finally, we found that inhibition of Aβ production reduced the decline in synapses in aged neurons. We propose that potentiation of APP endocytosis by neuronal aging increases Aβ production, which contributes to aging-dependent decline in synapses.SummaryHow aging increases the risk of Alzheimer’s disease is not clear. We show that normal neuronal aging increases the intracellular production of β-amyloid, due to an upregulation of the amyloid precursor protein endocytosis. Importantly, increased Aβ production contributes to the aging-dependent synapse loss.

Acupuncture plus Herbal Medicine for Alzheimer’s Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (07) ◽  
pp. 1327-1344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simin Zhou ◽  
Lanlan Dong ◽  
Yuan He ◽  
Hong Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Chinese Herbal Medicine ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
World Population ◽  
Chinese Herbal ◽  
Significant Difference

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is associated with the unprecedented aging tendency in our world population and has become a significant health issue. The use of Traditional Chinese Medicine to treat AD has been increasing in recent years. The objective of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the effectiveness of combining acupuncture with herbal medicine to treat AD. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of acupuncture plus herbals versus treatment with western drugs for AD were retrieved from 11 databases. The data were extracted by two authors; dichotomous data were expressed as odds ratio (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), while continuous data were calculated by mean differences (MDs) with 95% CIs. Although the combined analysis of the score of Activity of Daily Life (ADL) scale MD was [Formula: see text]3.59 (95% CI [Formula: see text]7.18–0.01, [Formula: see text]), which indicates there was no statistically significant difference between the two treatments at reducing the ADL scale score, the pooled results of 12 trials indicated that acupuncture plus Chinese herbal medicine was better than western drugs at improving the effectiveness rate (OR 2.24, 95% CI 1.40–3.56), the combined evidence of 11 articles showed that acupuncture plus Chinese herbal medicine was more effective than western drugs at improving the scores for the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) scale (2.10, 95% CI 0.69–3.51, [Formula: see text]) and the traditional Chinese medicine symptom (MD 5.07, 95% CI 3.90–6.25, [Formula: see text]). From the current research results, acupuncture plus herbal medicine may have advantages over western drugs for treating AD. Nevertheless, well-designed RCTs with a larger sample size are required in the future.

Anti-acetylcholinesterase activities of traditional Chinese medicine for treating Alzheimer's disease

2008 ◽  
Vol 175 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 352-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.Q. Lin ◽  
Michelle T. Ho ◽  
Lesley S. Lau ◽  
Kelvin K. Wong ◽  
P.C. Shaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine

scholarly journals History and Experience: A Survey of Traditional Chinese Medicine Treatment for Alzheimer's Disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Liu ◽  
Mingwang Kong ◽  
Shihe Yuan ◽  
Junfeng Liu ◽  
Ping Wang
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Chinese Herb ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Single Target ◽  
Cognitive Benefits ◽  
Target Regulation ◽  
Chinese Medicine Treatment

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is practiced in the Chinese health care system for more than 2,000 years. In recent years, herbal medicines, which are used to treat Alzheimer's disease (AD) in China based on TCM or modern pharmacological theories have attracted considerable attention. In this paper, we discuss etiology and pathogenesis of AD, TCM therapy, and herbal extracts for the treatment of AD. There is evidence to suggest that TCM therapy may offer certain complementary cognitive benefits for the treatment of AD. Chinese herb may have advantages with multiple target regulation compared with the single-target antagonist in view of TCM.

scholarly journals Ligand-Based and Structure-Based Investigation for Alzheimer’s Disease from Traditional Chinese Medicine

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Hsin Liao ◽  
Kuen-Bao Chen ◽  
Wen-Yuan Lee ◽  
Mao-Feng Sun ◽  
Cheng-Chun Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Amyloid Beta ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Hydrocarbon Chain ◽  
Tau Proteins ◽  
Structure Stability ◽  
Ligand Interaction

Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disease that was conventionally thought to be related to the sedimentation of beta-amyloids, but drugs designed according to this hypothesis have generally failed. That FKBP52 can reduce the accumulation of tau proteins, and that Tacrolimus can reduce the pathological changes of tau proteins are new directions away from the long held amyloid-beta-centric concept. Therefore, the screening of traditional Chinese medicine compounds for those with higher affinity towards FKBP52 than Tacrolimus may be a new direction for treating Alzheimer’s disease. This study utilizes ligand-based and structure-based methods as the foundation. By utilizing dock scores and the predicted pIC50 from SVM, MLR, and Bayesian Network, several TCM compounds were selected for further analysis of their protein-ligand interactions. Daphnetoxin has higher affinity and complex structure stability than Tacrolimus; Lythrancine II exhibits the most identical trends in FKBP52 interactions as Tacrolimus, and 20-O-(2′E,4′E-decadienoyl)ingenol may be further modified at its hydrocarbon chain to promote interaction with FKBP52. In addition, we observed the residue Tyr113 of FKBP52 may play a key role in protein-ligand interaction. Our results indicate that Daphnetoxin, 20-O-(2′E,4′E-decadienoyl)ingenol, and Lythrancine II may be starting points for further modification as a new type of non-amyloid-beta-centric drug for Alzheimer’s disease.

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