Civil Military Relations and the San Diego Case Study

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. BUsch
Keyword(s):  
San Diego ◽  
Civil Military Relations ◽  
Military Relations

Neither Victors nor Victims

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Whetham
Keyword(s):  
First Century ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Civil Military Relations ◽  
High Street ◽  
National Survival ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Military Relations ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Realistic Goal

Between 2007 and 2011, Wootton Bassett, a small Wiltshire town in the UK, became the focus of national attention as its residents responded to the regular repatriations of dead soldiers through its High Street. The town’s response came to symbolize the way that broader attitudes developed and changed over that period. As such, it is a fascinating case study in civil–military relations in the twenty-first century. Success may be the same as victory, but victory, at least as it has been traditionally understood, is not a realistic goal in many types of contemporary conflict. Discretionary wars—conflicts in which national survival is not an issue and even vital national interests may not be at stake—pose particular challenges for any government which does not explain why the cost being paid in blood and treasure is ‘worth it’.

Erosion of Civilian Control in Democracies: A Comprehensive Framework for Comparative Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 001041402198975
Author(s):  
Polina Beliakova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Civilian Control ◽  
Intrastate Conflict ◽  
Civil Military Relations ◽  
Large N ◽  
Military Relations ◽  
Comprehensive Framework ◽  
The Military ◽  
New Framework

Civilian control of the military is a fundamental attribute of democracy. While democracies are less coup-prone, studies treating civilian control as a dependent variable mostly focus on coups. In this paper, I argue that the factors predicting coups in autocracies, weaken civilian control of the military in democracies in different ways. To capture this difference, I advance a new comprehensive framework that includes the erosion of civilian control by competition, insubordination, and deference. I test the argument under conditions of an intrastate conflict—a conducive environment for the erosion of civilian control. A large-N analysis confirms that while intrastate conflict does not lead to coups in democracies, it increases the military’s involvement in government, pointing to alternative forms of erosion taking place. Further case study—Russia’s First Chechen War—demonstrates the causal logic behind the new framework, contributing to the nuanced comparative analysis of civil-military relations across regimes.

scholarly journals No wings attached? Civil–military relations and agent intrusion in the procurement of fighter jets

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-85
Author(s):  
Yf Reykers ◽  
Daan Fonck
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Management ◽  
Strategic Information ◽  
Agent Model ◽  
Civil Military Relations ◽  
Principal Agent Model ◽  
Defence Procurement ◽  
Information Advantage ◽  
Military Relations

This article studies civil–military relations in defence procurement. Applying insights from the principal–agent model, we argue that decision-making about defence procurement is inherently vulnerable to agency problems. Given the technical nature of these dossiers, governments and parliaments are often heavily dependent upon military expertise, creating leeway for defence administrations to steer decision-making towards their preferences. By means of a case study of the replacement of the F-16 fighter jets in Belgium, we examine whether and how complex defence procurement dossiers allow for exploitation of expertise through strategic information management from the defence administration to the Minister of Defence. In addition, empirics reveal a to date unexplored phenomenon of agent intrusion. It captures the situation in which an agent takes a prominent formal advisory position within the decision-making apparatus of its political principal, providing additional means to outplay its information advantage over the principal in favour of its own interests.

Civil–military relations in natural disasters: a case study of the 2010 Pakistan floods

2011 ◽  
Vol 93 (884) ◽  
pp. 1085-1105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay Madiwale ◽  
Kudrat Virk
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Kashmir Earthquake ◽  
Civil Military Relations ◽  
Humanitarian Response ◽  
Complex Emergency ◽  
2005 Kashmir Earthquake ◽  
Military Relations ◽  
Successes And Challenges

AbstractIn 2010, Pakistan was struck by devastating floods, the latest in a series of disasters to strike the country in recent years. As it had during the 2005 Kashmir earthquake, the Pakistan military played a significant operational and co-ordination role in the humanitarian response that followed. Its role raised important questions about civil–military relations between humanitarian actors and national (as opposed to international) militaries. This article looks at the interaction between the humanitarian community and the Pakistan military in responding to the 2010 floods in order to identify key successes and challenges. It also highlights a number of issues that emerged in the context of Pakistan but that may also be relevant to civil–military relations – particularly between the humanitarian community and the national military of an affected state – in other natural disaster and complex emergency settings.

scholarly journals Triple relations: The society, armed forces and civil authority in the context of political transition: The case of Syria

Vojno delo ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-43
Author(s):  
Jelisaveta Blagojević
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Ruling Elite ◽  
Security Services ◽  
Civil Military Relations ◽  
The Social ◽  
Civil Authority ◽  
Military Relations ◽  
The Impact

The study of civil-military relations, from the standpoint of political science, gains particularly relevance in the periods of transition, i.e. the attempt to change the existing regime through protests or rebellion of the dissatisfied masses. How the armed forces will react, i.e. whether they will remain loyal to the regime or take the demonstrators' part, depends, inter alia, on the closeness of the ties between the armed forces and society. The ethnic, national, religious and other structure of the armed forces, their main mission, the position in relation to the security services, as well as participation in the implementation of repressive measures, are some of the indicators of the relation between the armed forces and society. The objective of this paper is to study the impact of the social structure of the armed forces on their decision to (not) support the protests, based on the following hypothesis: If the structure of the armed forces is mostly composed of members of the ruling ethnic, sectarian, tribal and similar groups, it is more likely that they will support the regime. The hypothesis was tested on the case of Syria, where the armed forces decided to stay with Bashar al-Assad, which was analyzed through their sectarian-Alawite character, i.e. the identity of the Alawites religious sect, the main features of the Assad rule and the armed forces position in that regime. Using the case study method, it can be concluded that the case of Syria shows that if the social structure of the armed forces is a reflection of the structure of the ruling elite, they remain loyal to the regime because their survival depends on that regime.

scholarly journals Governance and Recurrent Military Takeover Prospects: A Case Study of Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol IV (I) ◽  
pp. 62-70
Author(s):  
Shaukat ◽  
Zahir Shah ◽  
Afzaal Amin
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Agency Theory ◽  
The State ◽  
Principal Agent ◽  
Military Interventions ◽  
Central Concern ◽  
Civil Military Relations ◽  
Constitutional State ◽  
Military Relations

Civil-military relations in developing countries are at the heart of a central concern of democracy. In Pakistan, the same has not only been turbulent throughout our history; it has also been an uneasy relationship with frequent military interventions. However, in Pakistan military has come to identify itself with the state rather than just one of the key components of a constitutional state. The Agency Theory, based on Principal-Agent relation, has been applied by many to explain the 1999 Musharraf takeover in Pakistan. The intervention is justified on many grounds. But what is more interesting is the fact it is welcomed in a country where people at large long for democracy and cherish democratic ideals.

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