scholarly journals CHILLING REQUIREMENTS OF HAZELNUT CULTIVARS

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1106f-1106
Author(s):  
Shawn A. Mehlenbacher
Keyword(s):  
Southern Italy ◽  
Corylus Avellana ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Chilling Requirements ◽  
Very High ◽  
Female Flowers

Chilling requirements of 44 genotypes of Corylus avellana L. were estimated by cutting shoots in the field at weekly intervals and forcing them in a warm greenhouse for four weeks. The chilling requirements of catkins, female flowers, and leaf buds were assumed to have been met when development occurred on more than half of the respective plant parts. Chilling requirements were lowest for catkins and highest for leaf buds, and ranged from <100 to 860 hours for catkins, 290-1550 hours for female flowers, and 365-1395 hours for leaf buds. The lowest chilling requirements were observed for the leading cultivars of Turkey and southern Italy. The yellow-leafed ornamental C. avellana var. aure a had very high chilling requirements for all plant parts.

Catch Neuter Release and Pet Overpopulation Management in Southern Italy

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-100
Author(s):  
Dorothea Friz
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
The Public ◽  
Constant Control ◽  
Stray Dog ◽  
Very High

Abstract A stray dog problem is not necessarily due to animals not owned. In fact, it can be caused by owned dogs allowed to roam and reproduce freely around the whole territory. And if the authorities limit themselves to the policy of catching the dogs and keeping them in shelters, the problem will never be solved. Instead, the shelters will soon be very overcrowded, with tremendous animal welfare issues for the imprisoned animals and at a very high cost for the public. Spay/neuter and return projects will instead reduce the number of dogs in the territory and are an essential way of keeping constant control. This is what my experience in Southern Italy taught me.

scholarly journals Review article: Brief history of volcanic risk in the Neapolitan area (Campania, southern Italy): a critical review

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 3097-3112
Author(s):  
Stefano Carlino
Keyword(s):  
Southern Italy ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Maximum Growth Rate ◽  
Campi Flegrei ◽  
Volcanic Risk ◽  
Campania Region ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
Systematic Strategy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Very High

Abstract. The presence of three active volcanoes (Vesuvius, Campi Flegrei and Ischia island) along the coast of Naples did not contain the huge expansion of the urbanized zones around them. In contrast, since the Greco-Roman era, volcanoes have featured among the favourite sites for people colonizing the Campania region. The stable settlements around Vesuvius, Campi Flegrei caldera and Ischia were progressively enlarged, attaining a maximum growth rate between 1950 and 1980. Between 1982 and 1984, Neapolitans faced the last and most dramatic volcanic crises, which occurred at Campi Flegrei (Pozzuoli) without an eruption. Since that time, volcanologists have focused their attention on the problem of risks associated with eruptions in the Neapolitan area, but a systematic strategy to reduce the very high volcanic risk of this zone is still lacking. A brief history of volcanic risk in the Neapolitan district is narrated here in an effort to provide new food for thought for the scientific community that works for the mitigation of volcanic risk in this area.

scholarly journals Review article: Brief history of volcanic risk in Neapolitan area (Campania, Southern Italy): a critical review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Carlino
Keyword(s):  
Southern Italy ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Maximum Growth Rate ◽  
Campi Flegrei ◽  
Volcanic Risk ◽  
Campania Region ◽  
Systematic Strategy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Very High ◽  
Island Of Ischia

Abstract. The presence of three active volcanoes (Vesuvius, Campi Flegrei and Ischia Island) along the coast of Naples did not constrained the huge expansion of the urbanized zones around them. On the contrary, since Greek-Roman era, volcanoes have been an attractor for people who colonized Campania region. Stable settlements around Vesuvius, Campi Flegrei caldera and the Island of Ischia were progressively enlarged, reaching the maximum growth-rate between 1950 and 1980. Between 1982 and 1984, Neapolitan people faced the last and most dramatic volcanic crises, occurred at Campi Flegrei (Pozzuoli), without an eruption. Since that time, volcanologists have focused the attention on the problem of risk associated to eruptions in Neapolitan area, but a systematic strategy to reduce the very high volcanic risk of this area still lacks. A brief history of volcanic risk in Neapolitan district is here reported, trying to obtain new food for thought for the scientific community which works to the mitigation of volcanic risk of this area.

In disentangling two species limits of Hechtia (Bromeliaceae: Hechtioideae) from Sierra Madre Occidental, a new species is discovered from Durango, Mexico

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 523 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-72
Author(s):  
IVÓN RAMÍREZ-MORILLO ◽  
PABLO CARRILLO-REYES ◽  
JOSÉ LUIS TAPIA-MUÑOZ ◽  
CLAUDIA J. RAMÍREZ-DÍAZ
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Sierra Madre Occidental ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Western Mexico ◽  
Sierra Madre ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Female Flowers ◽  
Iucn Criteria

Epitypes are proposed for two species of Hechtia: H. subalata and H. jaliscana, both endemic to Western Mexico. The holotypes of both species consist of fruiting specimens. While the female flowers of both species are extremely similar, the staminate ones are noticeable different: we select staminate vouchers as epitypes to clearly circumscribe both taxa. As a result of the delimitation of the concept Hechtia subalata and its geographical distribution, we identify a new species from Durango, Mexico, previously misidentified as Hechtia subalata: Hechtia marthae. We provide images portraying plant parts of all species, as well as photographs in habitat. Finally, assessments of the conservation status of the three species sensu IUCN criteria are included.

Plant nitrogen distribution in wheat cultivars

1979 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 779 ◽  
Author(s):  
GM Halloran ◽  
JW Lee
Keyword(s):  
Mature Plant ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Plant Nitrogen ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Total Head ◽  
Translocation Efficiency ◽  
Total Plant ◽  
Grain Nitrogen ◽  
Plant Translocation ◽  
Very High

Five wheat cultivars were examined for patterns of nitrogen uptake and distribution to the aboveground plant parts at 10 different stages throughout growth up to ripeness. Patterns in the proportionate allocation of total plant nitrogen in the mature plant of each cultivar were found to differ significantly. Significant differences existed between cultivars in the nitrogen percentages of culm, glume and rachis tissue in the mature plant. Translocation efficiency, expressed as the proportion of total plant nitrogen in the head, ranged from c. 36 to 60% in the cultivars, while the proportion of total grain to total plant nitrogen ranged from c. 25 to 52%. Within-head translocation efficiency, as total grain nitrogen to total head nitrogen, ranged from c. 75 to 94%. The cultivars Argentine IX and Petit Rojo possessed comparatively high values for all three translocation estimates. Their very high values for within-head translocation of nitrogen to grain could have been due, partly at least, to more complete translocation of glume nitrogen to grain than in the other cultivars. Speculations are made on how the wheat phenotype might be structurally modified through breeding to bring about a greater efficiency of nitrogen translocation to the grain.

Assessing the potential of Arabidopsis halleri ssp. gemmifera as a new cadmium hyperaccumulator grown in hydroponics

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Abul Kashem ◽  
Bal Ram Singh ◽  
Hiroshi Kubota ◽  
Reiko Sugawara Nagashima ◽  
Nobuyuki Kitajima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Arabidopsis Halleri ◽  
Cd Accumulation ◽  
Suitable Candidate ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Very High

Arabidopsis halleri ssp. gemmifera is a plant recently found in the heavy metal contaminated areas of Japan, and it contained a significant amount of Cd in its shoots. In this study, the potential of A. halleri ssp. gemmifera to accumulate Cd was investigated using hydroponics. The plants were grown for 21 d after Cd (control, 10, 100 and 400 µM) treatment. No reduction in shoot and root dry weight (DW) was observed when plants were grown in a nutrient solution containing up to 400 µM Cd. Cadmium concentrations in the plant parts increased significantly with Cd application rates, and reached a maximum of about 5641, 6643 and 15 967 µg g-1 in the leaves, stems and roots, respectively, at 400 µM Cd in the nutrient solution. Similarly, maximum Cd accumulation (dry weight × concentration) of 17.7 and 10.8 mg plant-1 in the shoots and roots, respectively, was obtained at 400 µM Cd. The ratio of shoot Cd/root Cd decreased with increasing rates of Cd supply from 1.8 at 10 µ M to 0.40 at 400 µM. Cadmium translocation from root to shoot ranged from 61 to 89% of the total Cd, showing a very high mobility of Cd in plants. The outcomes of this study and the field and greenhouse data previously reported confirm that this plant is a suitable candidate for the phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soils. Furthermore, the concentration of Cd measured in the shoot indicates that A. halleri ssp. gemmifera could be considered a new potential Cd hyperaccumulator plant species. Key words: Cadmium, hyperaccumulator, hydroponics, phytoremediation, tolerance

scholarly journals Evaluation of Chilling and Heat Requirements in Japanese Apricot with Three Models

HortScience ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (12) ◽  
pp. 1826-1831 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhihong Gao ◽  
Weibing Zhuang ◽  
Liangju Wang ◽  
Jing Shao ◽  
Xiaoyan Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dormancy Breaking ◽  
Japanese Apricot ◽  
Flowering Date ◽  
Fruit Species ◽  
Chilling Requirements ◽  
Low Correlation ◽  
Growing Degree Hours ◽  
Heat Requirements ◽  
Chill Portions ◽  
Very High

Estimating chilling requirements is crucial for identifying appropriate cultivars for a given site, for timing applications of dormancy-breaking chemical agents, and for predicting consequences of climate change. For temperate-zone fruit species such as japanese apricot, productivity is reduced when chilling requirements are not adequately satisfied. In our study, we obtained chilling and heat requirements for flowering of six japanese apricot cultivars, which spanned the range of flowering times in this species for three successive years. Different methods for determining chilling requirements were evaluated and compared, and correlations among chilling requirements, heat requirements, and flowering date were established. The dynamic model proved to be the best for determining the chilling requirements of japanese apricot. The results showed a range of chilling requirements ranging from 26.3 to 75.7 chill portions and a narrow range of heat requirements, from 1017.7 to 1697.3 growing degree-hours (GDH). A very high correlation (R = 0.9797) between flowering date and chilling requirements and a low correlation (R = 0.4298) between flowering date and heat requirements suggest that flowering date in japanese apricot is mainly a consequence of the chilling requirements of the different genotypes, whereas heat requirements contribute a limited effect to the variation in flowering dates. Chilling requirements and heat requirements were positively related with a low correlation coefficient (R = 0.4211).

Estimation of Correlation Coefficients between 17 Quantitative Traits in Hazelnut

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 472b-472
Author(s):  
Qiang Yao ◽  
Shawn A. Mehlenbacher
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Corylus Avellana ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Data Points ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Female Flowers ◽  
Individual Seedling

Thirty-five hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) progenies and 41 parent genotypes were used to estimate phenotypic and genetic correlation coefficients among 17 nut, kernel, and phenological traits from 1994 to 1996. Correlation coefficients were large and positive for nut size traits (nut length, width, depth, nut weight and kernel weight). Phenological traits (days of opening of female flowers, time of catkin elongation and leafing out) were also highly correlated. But most other traits were uncorrelated with each other. Plots of progeny means and individual seedling values were inspected to verify which data points to have bigger effect on coefficients. These results and their application in the OSU hazelnut breeding program will be discussed.

Ochratoxin A in wine consumers in Italy: dietary profiles

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Gambelli ◽  
L. D'Addezio
Keyword(s):  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Multiple Correspondence Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Experimental Exposure ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
High Exposure ◽  
Low Exposure ◽  
Very High

The study was carried out on a group of wine consumers, healthy adults, living in one of the areas in Southern Italy, where the ochratoxin A (OTA) levels in wines were very high. OTA levels in consumed wine ranged from 0.2 to 2 ng/ml for 80% of the samples and from 2.10 to 5.40 ng/ml for the other 20%. OTA values in blood (exposure) were lower than 0.28 ng/ml for 30% of the subjects, ranged from 0.28 to 0.34 ng/ml for 43% of the subjects, and reached more than 0.34 ng/ml for 27% of the subjects. Mean OTA measured in urine was 0.43 ng/ml. No significant correlation was found between OTA concentration in blood and in consumed wine, neither between OTA in blood and ingestion levels. OTA levels were determined by HPLC. Individual food consumption habits, gathered in a questionnaire, were studied in association with experimental exposure by means of multiple correspondence analysis. Subjects consuming one or two glasses of red home-produced wine daily were characterised by medium exposure, while those consuming three glasses or half a litre per occasion showed a high exposure; low exposure was associated with weekly consumption of white commercial wine. High quantities of beer and daily consumption of bread and pasta characterised habitual wine consumers, while weekly consumption of beer, bread and chocolate characterised moderate wine consumers.

scholarly journals A factor on a wild third chromosome (IIIRa) that modifies the Segregation Distortion phenomenon in Drosophila melanogaster

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Trippa ◽  
A. Loverre
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Natural Population ◽  
Segregation Distortion ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Genetic Modifier ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Dominant Effect ◽  
Chromosome Iii ◽  
Very High

SUMMARYIIIRa is a genetic modifier of Segregation Distortion (SD) in Drosophila melanogaster, which was discovered in the same natural population from Ranna (Sicily) that carried SDRa. It is located at 49·7 ± 0·8 on chromosome III. IIIRa was found to have a dominant effect on segregation distortion which varied with the origin of the SD chromosome tested. Thus it enhanced the level of distortion caused by 14 SD chromosomes from seven natural populations in Southern Italy and Sicily, but decreased the level of distortion caused by SDR−1, a chromosome from a natural population near Rome. Moreover, IIIRa determined or enhanced the distorting effect of SDRa in males heterozygous for SDRa and various SD+ wild chromosomes differently sensitive to SDRa. The frequency of chromosomes having an effect like IIIRa chromosome was very high (around 70%) in samples from two natural populations of Southern Italy tested-those of Ranna and Corato. No effects of IIIRa other than its ability to modify SD have been detected.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document