scholarly journals Vapor Heat: A Potential Treatment to Disinfest Tropical Cut Flowers and Foliage

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
James D. Hansen ◽  
Arnold H. Hara ◽  
Victoria L. Tenbrink
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Potential Treatment ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Treatment Modification ◽  
Treated Plant ◽  
Plant Injury ◽  
Red Ginger

Vapor heat treatments to disinfest tropical cut flowers and foliage were evaluated using a commercial facility. Efficacy was determined for specific durations against representative Hawaiian quarantine pests on their plant hosts. Nymphs and adults of aphids, soft and armored scales, mealybugs, and thrips were killed after 1 hour at 46.6C, and both life stages of aphids and armored scales along with mealybug nymphs after 2 hours at 45.2C. Injury to several varieties of Hawaiian floral commodities (Araceae, Musaceae, Zingiberaceae, Heliconiaceae, Orchidaceae, Marantaceae, Lycopodiaceae, Agavaceae, Proteaceae) during these treatments was determined. Large heliconias, most red ginger, bird-of-paradise flowers and leaves, and most foliage were not damaged; anthuriums, pincushion protea, and orchid flowers and foliage were very sensitive to vapor heat. Treatment modification was needed to reduce plant injury to these commodities without losing efficacy. The number of shelf-life days of the treated plant material was estimated from the visual ratings.

scholarly journals Phytotoxic Reaction of Hawaiian Cut Flowers and Foliage to Hydrogen Cyanide Fumigation

HortScience ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
James D. Hansen ◽  
Harvey T. Chan ◽  
Arnold H. Hara ◽  
Victoria L. Tenbrink
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Hydrogen Cyanide ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Treated Plant ◽  
Red Ginger

Phytotoxicity from hydrogen cyanide (HCN) fumigation was measured in several varieties of Hawaiian cut flowers and foliage (Zingiberaceae, Heliconia, Orchidaceae, Marantaceae, Lycopodiaceae, Agavaceae, Proteaceae) as a potential disinfestation treatment. Concentrations tested were 2500, 3700, 4600, and 5500 ppm HCN for 30 min. All foliage and most heliconia were undamaged at fumigation levels of 5500 ppm HCN; most protea and `Midori' anthuriums were uninjured at 4600 pm HCN; red and pink ginger were uninjured at 3700 ppm HCN; and all pincushion protea showed phytotoxicity to HCN. Red ginger was quickly damaged when exposed to sunlight immediately after treatment at 2500 ppm HCN. No injury was observed in simulated shipment tests of red ginger and `Ozaki' anthuriums fumigated at 2500 ppm HCN. Wet, red ginger flowers longer than 6 cm were damaged at 2500 ppm HCN, whereas shorter flowers were uninjured. Wet `Ozaki' anthuriums showed phytotoxicity only at 4600 ppm HCN. Wet, treated lycopodium and bamboo orchid foliage was not injured. The number of marketable days and shelf life of the treated plant material were estimated from the visual ratings.

scholarly journals POSTHARVEST TREATMENTS FOR PESTS OF TROPICAL CUT FLOWERS AND FOLIAGE

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 630b-630
Author(s):  
Arnold H. Hara ◽  
Trent Y. Hata ◽  
Victoria L. Tenbrink ◽  
Benjamin K.S. Hu ◽  
Mike A. Nagao
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Postharvest Treatment ◽  
Postharvest Treatments ◽  
Red Ginger

Postharvest treatments significantly reduced or eradicated pests on various tropical cut flowers and foliage. Immersion in water at 49° C for 10 minutes killed armored scales on bird of paradise leaves, Strelitzia reginae Banks, as well as aphids and mealybugs on red ginger, Alpinia purpurata (Vieill.) K. Schum. Vapor heat treatment for 2 hours at 45.2° C provided quarantine security against armored scales on bird of paradise leaves. A 5 minute dip in fluvalinate combined with insecticidal soap eliminated aphids and significantly reduced mealybugs on red ginger. A 3 minute dip in fluvalinate, a 3 minute dip in chlorpyrifos, or a 3 hour fog with avermectin-B significantly reduced thrips on orchids, Dendrobium spp., without injury to the flowers. No postharvest treatment was both effective and nonphytotoxic on all commodities.

scholarly journals Identification of Xylem Occlusions Occurring in CutClematis(ClematisL., fam.RanunculaceaeJuss.) Stems during Their Vase Life

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Jedrzejuk ◽  
Julia Rochala ◽  
Jacek Zakrzewski ◽  
Julita Rabiza-Świder
Keyword(s):  
Water Uptake ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Vase Life ◽  
Cut Flower ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Bacterial Development ◽  
Growth Formation ◽  
New Treatments

During the vase life of cut stems obstruction of xylem vessels occurs due to microbial growth, formation of tyloses, deposition of materials in the lumen of xylem vessels and the presence of air emboli in the vascular system. Such obstructions may restrict water uptake and its transport towards upwards thus lowering their ornamental value and longevity of cut flowers.Clematisis a very attractive plant material which may be used as cut flower in floral compositions. Nothing is known about the histochemical or cytological nature of xylem blockages occurring in cut stems of this plant. This study shows that inclematis, tyloses are the main source of occlusions, although bacteria and some amorphic substances may also appear inside the vessels. A preservative composed of 200 mg dm−38-HQC (8-hydroxyquinolin citrate) and 2% sucrose arrested bacterial development and the growth of tyloses. This information can be helpful in the development of new treatments to improve keeping qualities of cutclematisstems.

PREHARVEST SOLAR HEAT TREATMENT FOR SUMMER BASIL (OCIMUM BASILICUM) AFFECTS DECAY DURING SHIPMENT AND SHELF LIFE

2010 ◽  
pp. 161-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Kenigsbuch ◽  
D. Chalupowicz ◽  
Z. Aharon ◽  
D. Maurer ◽  
A. Ovadia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Solar Heat

scholarly journals Effect of heat treatment on the preservation of Chaenomeles speciosa (Sweet) Nakai

2020 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 01012
Author(s):  
Rong Huang ◽  
Luping Zhao ◽  
Xiaoli Wang ◽  
Zhaosheng Wang ◽  
You Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Preservation Technology ◽  
Physiological Properties ◽  
Hot Water Dipping

Heat treatment was used to extend the shelf life of postharvest Chaenomeles speciosa (Sweet) Nakai (C. speciosa), its effects on the quality and physiological properties of C. speciosa were studied. The results showed that heat treatment reduced the weight loss, inhibited the decline of titratable acids (TA), maintained a higher activity of peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT), compared to untreated C. speciosa. Treatment in hot water dipping at 50℃ for 2-4 min maintained the better quality of postharvest C. speciosa stored at 0℃ for 120 days, which indicated that heat treatment is an effective preservation technology to prolong the shelf life of C. speciosa.

scholarly journals Assessing the impact of non-thermal and thermal treatment on the shelf-life of onion juice

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 480-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hande Demir ◽  
Mustafa Kemal Yıldız ◽  
İsmail Becerikli ◽  
Sevcan Unluturk ◽  
Zehra Kaya
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Colour Change ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Incident Intensity ◽  
Physicochemical Changes ◽  
Conventional Heat Treatment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Uv C

Onion (Allium cepa L.) juice is a marinating agent for meat and fish marination and readily usable sauce for any meal that has onion in its formulation. This study aims to assess the microbiological and physicochemical changes in the onion juice processed by UV-C irradiation (0.5 mm sample depth, 30 min exposure time, 7.5 mW/cm<sup>2</sup> UV incident intensity) and conventional heat treatment (74.5°C, 12 min) during its storage. Microbiological results showed processing by UV-C irradiation or heat treatment under optimum conditions extended the microbial shelf-life of untreated onion juice by minimum 6-times. Total colour change of heat-treated samples was lower than that of untreated and UV-C treated samples for 12 weeks. Also, pH, total titratable acidity, total soluble solids content, turbidity, NEBI and total phenolic content were monitored for 12 weeks. The results of this study will form scientific infrastructure for onion juice manufacturers to decide on the processing method with respect to its shelf-life.

Absorption, Translocation, and Metabolism of Aminocyclopyrachlor in Tall Fescue (Lolium arundinaceum)

Weed Science ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 348-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dustin F. Lewis ◽  
Rory L. Roten ◽  
Wesley J. Everman ◽  
Travis W. Gannon ◽  
Robert J. Richardson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Exudates ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
North Carolina State University ◽  
Treated Leaf ◽  
Pyridine Carboxylic ◽  
Plant Foliage ◽  
Dicotyledonous Plants ◽  
Plant Injury ◽  
Crown Roots

Synthetic auxin herbicides are commonly used in forage, pasture, range, and turfgrass settings for dicotyledonous weed control. Aminocyclopyrachlor (AMCP) is a newly developed pyrimidine carboxylic acid with a chemical structure and mode of action similar to the pyridine carboxylic acids—aminopyralid, clopyralid, and picloram. Injury to sensitive dicotyledonous plants has been observed following exposure to monocotyledonous plant material previously treated with pyridine compounds. The absorption, translocation, and metabolism of AMCP has been documented in susceptible broadleaf weeds; however, no information is available, to our knowledge, regarding AMCP fate in tolerant Poaceae, which may serve as the vector for off-target plant injury. Based on this premise, research was conducted to characterize absorption, translocation, and metabolism of AMCP in tall fescue.14C-AMCP was applied to single tiller tall fescue plant foliage under controlled laboratory conditions at North Carolina State University (Raleigh, NC). Radiation was quantified in leaf wash, treated leaf, foliage, crown, roots, and root exudates at 3, 12, 24, 48, 96, and 192 h after treatment (HAT).14C-AMCP was rapidly absorbed by tall fescue, reaching 38 and 68% at 3 and 48 HAT, respectively. Translocation of14C-AMCP was limited to the foliage, which reached maximum translocation (34%) at 96 HAT. Most of the recovered14C-AMCP remained in the leaf wash, treated leaf, or foliage, whereas minimal radiation was detected in the crown, roots, or root exudates throughout the 192-h period. No AMCP metabolism was observed in tall fescue through the 192 HAT. These data suggest AMCP applied to tall fescue can remain bioavailable, and mishandling treated plant material could result in off-target injury.

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