PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THREE GROWTH TYPES

The objective was to study selected physiological characteristics of the canopy and examine changes in dry matter partitioning between the root and shoot in two genetically reduced size growth types (dwarf and pillar) relative to the standard growth type. The dwarf phenotype had reduced leaf/root ratio, less allocation of dry matter to woody tissue and more to leaf tissue, high net photosynthesis, and lower leaf respiration compared to the standard and pillar phenotypes. The dwarf and pillar types had greater resistance to water flow than the standard type. Genetic changes in growth habit significantly alter many physiological parameters of peach tree growth and structure.

Download Full-text

Source - sink differences in genotypes and water regimes influencing sucrose accumulation in sugarcane stalks

Crop and Pasture Science ◽

10.1071/cp08272 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 60 (4) ◽

pp. 316 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

N. G. Inman-Bamber ◽

G. D. Bonnett ◽

M. F. Spillman ◽

M. L. Hewitt ◽

Jingsheng Xu

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Supply And Demand ◽

Leaf Tissue ◽

Biomass Accumulation ◽

Net Photosynthesis ◽

Extension Rate ◽

Sucrose Content ◽

Dry Matter Partitioning ◽

Physiological Basis ◽

High Sucrose

Relatively little is known about the physiological basis for variation in sucrose content among sugarcane clones despite substantial research at the molecular and biochemical levels. We used irrigation and continuous monitoring of photosynthesis and plant extension rate to modify dry matter partitioning in four clones differing widely in sucrose content. Three pot experiments were conducted on two low sucrose content clones, KQ97-2599 and KQ97-2835, and two high sucrose content clones, Q117 and KQ97-5080, in a temperature-controlled glasshouse. As expected, sucrose content on a dry mass basis of whole stalks was greater in high (55% maximum) than in low sucrose clones (40% maximum), but sucrose content in the two clones selected for low sucrose reached 55% in some internodes. Differences between clones in whole-plant net photosynthesis and aerial biomass accumulation were small. However, biomass was distributed over fewer stalks in the high sucrose clones (4–7 stalks per pot) than in the low sucrose clones (9–11 stalks per pot). The high sucrose clones also allocated a considerably greater proportion of dry matter to the stalk (70% maximum) than the low sucrose clones (60% maximum). It is suggested that the relatively large amount of new leaf tissue produced by the high tillering, low sucrose clones placed an additional demand for structural photo-assimilate in these clones and delayed the accumulation of sucrose in the stalk. The results indicated that there is little direct genetic control on the maximum amount of sucrose that can accumulate in stalk tissue and that genetic contrasts in sucrose content reside more in the morphology of the plant and responses to ripening stimuli such as mild water stress, and how these traits influence supply and demand for photo-assimilate.

Download Full-text

Dry Matter Distribution of Three Peach Growth Types

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.29.12.1481 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 29 (12) ◽

pp. 1481-1483 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Daniela Giovannini ◽

D. Michael Glenn ◽

Ralph Scorza ◽

W.V. Welker

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Prunus Persica ◽

Leaf Tissue ◽

Woody Tissue ◽

Dry Matter Partitioning ◽

Dry Matter Distribution ◽

High Productivity ◽

Management Techniques ◽

Peach Trees ◽

Size Controlled

Our objective was to evaluate the dry-matter partitioning between the roots and shoots of two genetically size-controlled peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] types, dwarf and pillar, compared to a full-sized standard peach type. Compared to the pillar and standard types, the dwarf type had a reduced leaf: root ratio, less allocation of dry matter to woody tissue and more to leaf tissue. Genetically size-controlled peach trees have a smaller root system, but a lower leaf: root ratio and may require modified soil and water management techniques to ensure high productivity.

Download Full-text

Growth and physiological characteristics of the weed false johnsongrass ( Sorghum arundinaceum (Desv.) Stapf)

Revista CERES ◽

10.1590/0034-737x201663010003 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 63 (1) ◽

pp. 16-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Deborah Amorim Martins ◽

Adriano Jakelaitis ◽

Isabella Sichierski Cardoso ◽

Alan Carlos Costa ◽

Juliana de Fátima Sales

Keyword(s):

Stomatal Conductance ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Weight Ratio ◽

Co2 Concentration ◽

Growth Cycle ◽

Physiological Characteristics ◽

Photochemical Quenching ◽

Initial Growth ◽

Dry Matter Partitioning

ABSTRACT Sorghum arundinaceum (Desv.) Stapf is a weed that belongs to the Poaceae family and is widespread throughout Brazil. Despite the frequent occurrence, infesting cultivated areas, there is little research concerning the biology and physiology of this species. The objective of this research was to evaluate the growth, carbon partitioning and physiological characteristics of the weed Sorghum arundinaceum in greenhouse. Plants were collected at regular intervals of seven days, from 22 to 113 days after transplanting (DAT). In each sample, we determined plant height, root volume, leaf area and dry matter, and subsequently we perfomed the growth analysis, we have determined the dry matter partitioning among organs, the accumulation of dry matter, the specific leaf area, the relative growth rate and leaf weight ratio. At 36, 78 and 113 DAT, the photosynthetic and transpiration rates, stomatal conductance, CO2 concentration and chlorophyll fluorescence were evaluated. The Sorghum arundinaceum reached 1.91 in height, with slow initial growth and allocated much of the biomass in the roots. The photosynthetic rate and the maximum quantum yield of FSII are similar throughout the growth cycle. At maturity the Sorghum arundinaceum presents higher values of transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and non-photochemical quenching coefficient (NPQ).

Download Full-text

Influence of High Temperature Stress on Net Photosynthesis, Dry Matter Partitioning and Rice Grain Yield at Flowering and Grain Filling Stages

Journal of Integrative Agriculture ◽

10.1016/s2095-3119(13)60278-6 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 603-609 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Guo-hua LÜ ◽

Yong-feng WU ◽

Wen-bo BAI ◽

Bao MA ◽

Chun-yan WANG ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Temperature Stress ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Net Photosynthesis ◽

Grain Filling ◽

High Temperature Stress ◽

Rice Grain ◽

Dry Matter Partitioning

Download Full-text

CANOPY PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND DRY MATTER PARTITIONING OF ALFALFA INFESTED BY THE ALFALFA BLOTCH LEAFMINER (Agromyza frontella (Rondani))

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps87-062 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 67 (2) ◽

pp. 433-443 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

PAUL F. DALEY ◽

JEREMY N. McNEIL

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Net Photosynthesis ◽

Canopy Photosynthesis ◽

Dry Matter Partitioning ◽

Growth Cycles ◽

Medicago Sativa L ◽

The Impact ◽

Alfalfa Blotch Leafminer ◽

Agromyza Frontella ◽

Experimental Plots

The impact of the alfalfa blotch leafminer, Agromyza frontella (Rondani) on alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. ’Saranac’) was evaluated during three growth cycles in 1982 and 1983 when experimental plots were treated with either carbofuran, acephate, or water. No significant differences in forage accumulation, canopy apparent or net photosynthesis were detected between treatments and controls, even though highly significant differences in A. frontella densities were evident. The results are discussed with respect to the questionable pest status of this insect in the alfalfa ecosystem.Key words: Alfalfa, photosynthesis, growth analysis, alfalfa blotch leafminer

Download Full-text