scholarly journals EFFECT OF THE GULF CRISIS ON THE GREENERY OF KUWAIT AND PLANS FOR ITS FURTHER ENHANCEMENT

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 675b-675
Author(s):  
Dr. Mahdi Abdal ◽  
Mr. Dave Kater
Keyword(s):  
Ornamental Plant ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Master Plan ◽  
Adverse Impacts ◽  
Entire Country ◽  
Gulf Crisis ◽  
Sand Movement ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Harsh Conditions ◽  
Ornamental Species

The August 1990 invasion and subsequent occupation of Kuwait brought about approximately nine (9) months of “forced neglect”, resulting in losses of entire areas of greenery. In this study, random sites representative of 550 hectares of existing greenery were monitored to gather information on species susceptibility to “forced neglect” under harsh conditions. While the environment, water availability and sand movement have always been formidable obstacles to ornamental plant production here, they have greatly exaggerated the broad adverse impacts under these conditions of “forced neglect”. Nevertheless, certain genotypes from many of the ornamental species were found to exhibit substantial tolerance to drought and fluctuating temperatures. At the time of the invasion, efforts had been under-way to develop an over-all Master Plan for beautifying the entire country. The impact of the crisis on the greening strategy, the plant pallette and the unique cultivars that will be needed will be discussed.

scholarly journals Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of ornamental species: A review

Genetika ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 1149-1164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Snezana Milosevic ◽  
Aleksandar Cingel ◽  
Angelina Subotic
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Ornamental Plant ◽  
Plant Tolerance ◽  
Transformation Techniques ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Stresses ◽  
Agrobacterium Mediated Transformation ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ornamental Species ◽  
Ornamental Plant Breeding

Integration of desirable traits into commercial ornamentals using genetic engineering techniques is a powerful tool in contemporary biotechnology. However, these techniques have had a limited impact in the domain of ornamental horticulture, particularly floriculture. Modifications of the color, architecture or fragrance of the flowers as well as an improvement of the plant tolerance/resistance against abiotic and biotic stresses using plant transformation techniques, is still in its infancy. This review focuses on the application of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, a major plant genetic engineering approach to ornamental plant breeding and the impact it has had to date.

scholarly journals Vermicompost and biochar substrates can reduce nutrients leachates on containerized ornamental plant production

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
José M Alvarez ◽  
Claudio Pasian ◽  
Rattan Lal ◽  
Rafael López ◽  
Manuel Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Water Contamination ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Ornamental Plant ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Mixed Substrates ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Growing Media ◽  
Environmental Challenges ◽  
Ornamental Species

ABSTRACT Containerized ornamental plant production is facing several environmental challenges. One of them is to replace the widely used, but with questionable sustainability, peat based substrates and another is to avoid water contamination by chemicals leaching from the nursery. Therefore, as have been verified that petunia and pelargonium plants can be produced in peat-based growing media partially replaced by vermicompost (V) and biochar (B) without decreasing commercial quality, this study has focused on analyzing the leachate from a standard peat-based substrate as a control, used for producing these two ornamental species, and those from the same substrate to which different proportions in volume of V (10% and 20%) and B (4% and 12%) have been added. The amount of nitrogen leached from the mixed substrates was reduced compared to the control one in both species (on average 37%). Nitrogen was leached mainly as nitrate-nitrogen (89% in Petunia and 97% in Pelargonium). In Petunia phosphorous leaching was also decreased (30%) for the treatment with 10% V and 4% B, while potassium leaching in substrate containing 20% V and 12% B increased by 100%. Our results show that these two organic materials tested (V and B) can help producers to reduce the use of peat and chemical fertilizers as well as the risk of contamination by chemicals, mainly nitrate.

Impact of merger on efficiency and productivity : a case study of commercial banks in Malaysia

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Mahadzir Ismail ◽  
Saliza Sulaiman ◽  
Hasni Abdul Rahim ◽  
Nordiana Nordin
Keyword(s):  
Efficiency Score ◽  
Malmquist Productivity Index ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Master Plan ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Domestic Banks ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Efficiency And Productivity

The Financial Master Plan (2001- 2010) aims to enhance the capacity of banking industry so that higher effic iency and productivity can be reaped in the future. This study seeks to determine the impact of merger on the efficiency and productivity ofcommercial banks in Malaysia for the period 1995 until 2005. The study uses a non-parametric approach, nam ely DEA (data envelopment analysis?) to estimate the efficiency scores and to construct the Malmquist productivity index. To enable this estimation, three bank inputs and outputs are used. Amongst the findings are those banks exhibit higher efficiency score after the merger and thefo reign banks are more efficient than the local banks. Productivity of the banks is calculated in both periods, before and after the merger: The results show that, it is the local banks that have improved the most after the merger. The main source of productivity is technical change or innovation. The findings support the existing policy of having larger domestic banks in term of size.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Popular Diets Applied by Endurance Athletes on Sports Performance: Beneficial or Detrimental? A Narrative Review

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 491
Author(s):  
Aslı Devrim-Lanpir ◽  
Lee Hill ◽  
Beat Knechtle
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Endurance Performance ◽  
Endurance Athletes ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Nutritional Strategy ◽  
Current Perspective ◽  
Vegetarian Diets ◽  
Fat Diets ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Harsh Conditions

Endurance athletes need a regular and well-detailed nutrition program in order to fill their energy stores before training/racing, to provide nutritional support that will allow them to endure the harsh conditions during training/race, and to provide effective recovery after training/racing. Since exercise-related gastrointestinal symptoms can significantly affect performance, they also need to develop strategies to address these issues. All these factors force endurance athletes to constantly seek a better nutritional strategy. Therefore, several new dietary approaches have gained interest among endurance athletes in recent decades. This review provides a current perspective to five popular diet approaches: (a) vegetarian diets, (b) high-fat diets, (c) intermittent fasting diets, (d) gluten-free diet, and (e) low fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAP) diets. We reviewed scientific studies published from 1983 to January 2021 investigating the impact of these popular diets on the endurance performance and health aspects of endurance athletes. We also discuss all the beneficial and harmful aspects of these diets, and offer key suggestions for endurance athletes to consider when following these diets.

scholarly journals Managing pH of Organic Matrices and New Commercial Substrates for Ornamental Plant Production: A Methodological Approach

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 851
Author(s):  
Sonia Cacini ◽  
Sara Di Lonardo ◽  
Simone Orsenigo ◽  
Daniele Massa
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Buffering Capacity ◽  
Ornamental Plant ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Climatic Chamber ◽  
Step Procedure ◽  
Coir Dust ◽  
Organic Matrices ◽  
Substrate Mixtures

Professional peat-free substrates for ornamental plant production are increasingly required by nursery growers. Most promising materials are green compost, coconut coir dust, and woody fibre, used alone or in mixtures. One of the major concerns is pH, usually higher than optimal. In this work, a method based on a three-step procedure was adopted to acidify three organic matrices alone or in mixtures and to individuate the most suitable product, between iron(II) sulphate 7-hydrate and elemental sulphur chips. Firstly, the determination of the buffering capacity by dilution with sulphuric acid was carried out to determine dosages. Afterwards, an incubation trial of 84 (iron(II) sulphate) or 120 days (sulphur chips) was conducted on matrices and substrate mixtures with calculated doses in a climatic chamber maintained at 21 °C. Iron(II) sulphate resulted not suitable because it caused a rapid, but not lasting, pH lowering and an excessive electrical conductivity (EC) increase. Sulphur chips could instead guarantee an adequate and lasting pH lowering. These results were then validated in the open field trial on matrices and substrates. The proposed acidification methodology could be considered in developing new substrates, but the rapidity of pH acidification and EC increase on plant and mineral nutrition should be further investigated.

scholarly journals The impact of super-spreader cities, highways, and intensive care availability in the early stages of the COVID-19 epidemic in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel A. L. Nicolelis ◽  
Rafael L. G. Raimundo ◽  
Pedro S. Peixoto ◽  
Cecilia S. Andreazzi
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Geographic Spread ◽  
Boomerang Effect ◽  
Entry Points ◽  
Entire Country ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Care Availability

AbstractAlthough international airports served as main entry points for SARS-CoV-2, the factors driving the uneven geographic spread of COVID-19 cases and deaths in Brazil remain mostly unknown. Here we show that three major factors influenced the early macro-geographical dynamics of COVID-19 in Brazil. Mathematical modeling revealed that the “super-spreading city” of São Paulo initially accounted for more than 85% of the case spread in the entire country. By adding only 16 other spreading cities, we accounted for 98–99% of the cases reported during the first 3 months of the pandemic in Brazil. Moreover, 26 federal highways accounted for about 30% of SARS-CoV-2’s case spread. As cases increased in the Brazilian interior, the distribution of COVID-19 deaths began to correlate with the allocation of the country’s intensive care units (ICUs), which is heavily weighted towards state capitals. Thus, severely ill patients living in the countryside had to be transported to state capitals to access ICU beds, creating a “boomerang effect” that contributed to skew the distribution of COVID-19 deaths. Therefore, if (i) a lockdown had been imposed earlier on in spreader-capitals, (ii) mandatory road traffic restrictions had been enforced, and (iii) a more equitable geographic distribution of ICU beds existed, the impact of COVID-19 in Brazil would be significantly lower.

IMPACT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON STUDENTS’ LIVELINESS AND ACADEMIC PROGRESS: AN E-SURVEY BASED ANALYSIS IN INDIA

Ensemble ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol SP-1 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-71
Author(s):  
KANCHAN PAIRA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Transmission ◽  
First Century ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Adverse Impacts ◽  
Negative Thoughts ◽  
Standard Level ◽  
Spanish Flu ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

COVID-19 infectious disease is now considered as the first major climacteric invasion on humankind of the twenty-first century since the ‘Spanish flu’ of the twentieth. The virus has not only alarmed the mental and physical health of humankind, but its direct impact has severely damaged the economy of maximum nations of the world, and India is no exception to that. Education also was not left out either from the impact. In India, educational institutions had to shut down to break the chain of virus transmission. Instead of offline, the digital mode of classes for colleges and universities has been organized by the Institutional Authorities by getting the direction from University Grants Commission (UGC) of India. However, the regional imbalances and inequalities in families' economic conditions hinder the successful implementation of that. As a result, the students having a standard level of awareness about the COVID-19 disease are affected by its various adverse impacts produced directly or indirectly. Anxiety, negative thoughts, boredom, and future academic uncertainty are engulfing them. This paper describes the students' awareness level about COVID-19. It focuses on the pandemic’s impact on the students' academic swing and mental health and prescribes the possible ways to assuage the impact of the pandemic on students.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Impact of the Informal Economy on Businesses in South East Europe: Some Lessons from the 2009 World Bank Enterprise Survey

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Hudson ◽  
Colin Williams ◽  
Marta Orviska ◽  
Sara Nadin
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Informal Economy ◽  
Employment Relations ◽  
East Europe ◽  
South East Europe ◽  
Adverse Impacts ◽  
World Bank Enterprise Survey ◽  
Enterprise Survey ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Targeted Approach

Evaluating the Impact of the Informal Economy on Businesses in South East Europe: Some Lessons from the 2009 World Bank Enterprise SurveyThe aim of this paper is to evaluate the variable impacts of the informal economy on businesses and employment relations in South East Europe. Evidence is reported from the 2009 World Bank Enterprise Survey which interviewed 4,720 businesses located in South East Europe. The finding is not only that a large informal sector reduces wage levels but also that there are significant spatial variations in the adverse impacts of the informal economy across this European region. Small, rural and domestic businesses producing for the home market and the transport, construction, garment and wholesale sectors are most likely to be adversely affected by the informal economy. The paper concludes by calling for similar research in other global regions and for a more targeted approach towards tackling the informal economy.

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