scholarly journals Testing the Effect of the Determinate Shoot Growth Allele on Cucumber Root Growth

HortScience ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 847-849
Author(s):  
Rebecca Grumet ◽  
Robert Duvall
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Cucumis Sativus ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Cucumber Root ◽  
Growth Differences ◽  
Lateral Branches ◽  
Root Growth Rate

The determinate allele (de) of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) causes shorter vine length and fewer and shorter internodes and lateral branches than the indeterminate allele (De). Four sets of cucumber inbreds carrying determinate or indeterminate alleles were compared with respect to root growth rate in the field and greenhouse using an herbicide banding method. Although the lines exhibited the expected differences in shoot growth, differences in root growth were not correlated with the differences in shoot growth. These results indicate that root growth was independent of the determinate shoot growth allele.

Early Root and Shoot Development of Nine Plant Species

Weed Science ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 289-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. L. Evetts ◽  
O. C. Burnside
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Emergence Rate ◽  
Shoot Growth Rate ◽  
Broadleaf Species ◽  
Root Growth Rate

The root growth rate index of velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrastiMedic.) was significantly greater than that of five other weed species. The root growth rate index of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench ‘RS-626’] was found to be significantly higher than that of soybeans [Glycine max(L.) Merr. ‘Ford’]. Shoot growth rate indexes of three perennial broadleaf species studied were significantly lower than shoot growth rate indexes of six annual species. Root weights of perennial broadleaf species were not significantly different from root weights of velvetleaf and soybeans. Soybeans were found to have a significantly higher shoot to root ratio than seven weed species but not higher than sorghum. All other species had larger leaf weights and leaf areas than the three broadleaf perennials. While there were significant differences in leaf weights among six species, there were no significant differences in leaf area. Seed weight was not significantly correlated with emergence rate index and root weight but was correlated to all other factors studied. Emergence rate index was correlated with root growth rate index but not with shoot growth rate index.

scholarly journals Response of Bromus valdivianus (Pasture Brome) Growth and Physiology to Defoliation Frequency Based on Leaf Stage Development

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2058
Author(s):  
Iván P. Ordóñez ◽  
Ignacio F. López ◽  
Peter D. Kemp ◽  
Daniel J. Donaghy ◽  
Yongmei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Water Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Stage Development ◽  
Defoliation Frequency ◽  
Root Growth Rate

The increase in drought events due to climate change have enhanced the relevance of species with greater tolerance or avoidance traits to water restriction periods, such as Bromus valdivianus Phil. (B. valdivianus). In southern Chile, B. valdivianus and Lolium perenne L. (L. perenne) coexist; however, the pasture defoliation criterion is based on the physiological growth and development of L. perenne. It is hypothesised that B. valdivianus needs a lower defoliation frequency than L. perenne to enhance its regrowth and energy reserves. Defoliation frequencies tested were based on B. valdivianus leaf stage 2 (LS-2), leaf stage 3 (LS-3), leaf stage 4 (LS-4) and leaf stage 5 (LS-5). The leaf stage development of Lolium perenne was monitored and contrasted with that of B. valdivianus. The study was conducted in a glasshouse and used a randomised complete block design. For Bromus valdivianus, the lamina length, photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, tiller number per plant, leaf area, leaf weights, root growth rate, water-soluble carbohydrates (WSCs) and starch were evaluated. Bromus valdivianus maintained six live leaves with three leaves growing simultaneously. When an individual tiller started developing its seventh leaf, senescence began for the second leaf (the first relevant leaf for photosynthesis). Plant herbage mass, the root growth rate and tiller growth were maximised at LS-4 onwards. The highest leaf elongation rate, evaluated through the slope of the lamina elongation curve of a fully expanded leaf, was verified at LS-4. The water-soluble carbohydrates (WSCs) increased at LS-5; however, no statistical differences were found in LS-4. The LS-3 and LS-2 treatments showed a detrimental effect on WSCs and regrowth. The leaf photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance diminished while the leaf age increased. In conclusion, B. valdivianus is a ‘six-leaf’ species with leaf senescence beginning at LS-4.25. Defoliation at LS-4 and LS-5 was optimum for plant regrowth, maximising the aboveground plant parameters and total WSC accumulation. The LS-4 for B. valdivianus was equivalent to LS-3.5 for L. perenne. No differences related to tiller population in B. valdivianus were found in the different defoliation frequencies.

scholarly journals Root Morphology of Eight Hybrid Oil Palms Under Iron (Fe) Toxicity

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 013
Author(s):  
Aprilia Ike Nurmalasari ◽  
Eka Tarwaca Susila Putra ◽  
Prapto Yudono
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Root Morphology ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Root Volume ◽  
Oil Palms ◽  
Fe Toxicity ◽  
Root Growth Rate

The research aims to study the change of morphology root characters of eight hybrid oil palms under iron toxicity (Fe). Field experiment done in arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) two factors and three blocks as replications. The first factor was Fe concentration. It consists of two levels which are concentration 0µ.g-1 and concentration 600 µg.g-1 Fe. The second factor is the hybrid of oil palms which consists of eight hybrid oil palms as Yangambi, Avros, Langkat, PPKS 239, Simalungun, PPKS 718, PPKS 540 and Dumpy. Fe was applied by pouring FeSO4 solvent for 600 µg.g-1 500 ml.-1plant.-1day-1 on two months of plants after transplanting in the main nursery. Data were collected on root morphology and plant dry weight The data were analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 5% significanly, followed by Duncan's multiple range test (DMRT). The relationships by among variables were determined by correlation analysis. The results showed that Fe concentration 600 µg.g-1 inhibits relatively root growth rate, narrows surface area, reduces the diameter, and shrinks root volume of all hybrid oil palms tested. The slowing relatively root growth rate, narrowing of root surface area and root diameter also root volume shrinkage due to Fe stress. It was also shown that the dry weight of plants was inhibit by existing of Fe toxicity.

Statistical analysis of root growth rate determinations

1980 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Cox ◽  
Henry T. Davis ◽  
Morton W. Miller ◽  
Dominique Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Root Growth Rate

scholarly journals The Influence of Aqueous Ferns Extracts on Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Root Growth

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Liliana Cristina Soare ◽  
Irina Fierăscu ◽  
Radu Claudiu Fierăscu ◽  
Codruța Mihaela Dobrescu ◽  
Andra Maria Niculae ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Cucumis Sativus ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Cucumber Root

In this study, we aimed to establish the influence of aqueous ferns extracts on the growth in length of the cucumber root. [...]

Dependence of Root Growth Rate on Holoploid DNA Content

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 257-260
Author(s):  
N. V. Zhukovskaya ◽  
E. I. Bystrova ◽  
N. F. Lunkova ◽  
V. B. Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Dna Content ◽  
Root Growth Rate

Biological studies of soils in paired old and new land sites growing sugarcane

1997 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 451 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. Blair ◽  
R. C. Magarey ◽  
J. I. Bull ◽  
E. J. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Major Contributor ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Biological Community ◽  
Root Pathogens ◽  
Biological Studies ◽  
Growth Constraints ◽  
Growth Differences

Summary. The growth of sugarcane in soils from land monocultured with sugarcane, and from land which had either never been cropped with sugarcane, or just recently cropped, was compared under glasshouse conditions. In general, cane growth in new land soils was greater than in monocultured soil (shoot growth 7.4%, root growth 21.4%). Responses to soil pasteurisation were investigated in some soils and were greater in monocultured soils suggesting that root growth constraints were larger in the monocultured soil (210% response in monocultured soils v. 64% in new land soils). Assays for sugarcane root pathogens suggested that Pachymetra chaunorhiza was a major contributor to the old/new land growth responses, but it is unlikely that Pythium spp. were factors in the growth differences. Monitoring of other groups of organisms in soil from one site suggested that sugarcane monoculture may affect populations in the broader biological community.

Root Growth Rate of Soybean as Affected by Drought Stress 1

1987 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 607-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerrit Hoogenboom ◽  
M. G. Huck ◽  
Curt M. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Root Growth Rate

Maturation of the tracheary elements in the roots of Pinus banksiana and Eucalyptus grandis

2001 ◽  
Vol 79 (7) ◽  
pp. 844-849
Author(s):  
J H Taylor ◽  
C A Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Tracheary Element ◽  
Reliable Indicator ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Tracheary Elements ◽  
Fluorescent Tracer ◽  
Root Growth Rate

Tracheary elements of the xylem are responsible for the longitudinal (axial) transport of water and ions that have moved radially across the root. These vessel members and (or) tracheids mature some distance behind the root tip, and it is generally believed that this distance is directly related to root growth rate. To test this idea, the distances behind the root tip at which tracheary elements of pouch-grown Pinus banksiana Lamb. and Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden mature were examined. From each species, three root tip types (white, brown, and ectomycorrhizal short lateral) were assessed. Unlike previous studies of this topic, two methods of testing tracheary element maturity were employed concurrently. The first was anatomical and involved visualizing the deposition of lignin in the walls of the tracheids or vessel members. The second was functional and consisted of determining the capability of the tracheary elements to conduct a fluorescent, tracer dye. The distance behind the root tip at which the conductive xylem cells mature varied from 0.16 to 1.6 mm and was highly dependent on species and root type. No significant correlation was found between growth rate and proximity of tracheary element maturation to the tip for white roots. The presence of lignin in the tracheary element wall was not a reliable indicator of the cell's functional maturity.Key words: conductivity, development, roots, tracheary elements, xylem.

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