scholarly journals A Breeding Program for Cornus florida that Uses Molecular Markers and Seedling Tissue Culture

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 588c-588
Author(s):  
R.N. Trigiano ◽  
K.M. Kaveriappa ◽  
S.E. Schlarbaum ◽  
M.T. Windham ◽  
W. Witte
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Adventitious Roots ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Dna Amplification ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Cornus Florida ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
Regeneration Potential ◽  
Woody Plant Medium ◽  
Putative Hybrids

DNA amplification fingerprinting (DAF) was Used to characterize both parents (different cultivars) in breeding experiments with Cornus florida. Putative hybrids were fingerprinted and true crosses identified by finding unique male parent products in amplification profiles. Both manual and honey bee mediated pollinations successfully produced hybrid seed. Axillary buds from seedlings were used to initiate proliferating shoot cultures on woody plant medium with 4.5 μm BA. Initiation and development of adventitious roots were dependent on IBA (4.1 μm), sucrose (0–2%), and agar (0.2–0.6%) concentrations. About 40–50% of the microshoots produced roots and were acclimatized to greenhouse conditions. Cultures have been maintained without loss of regeneration potential for over 2 years. Clonal material can be reentered into the breeding program or used to evaluate horticultural characteristics in different environments and locales.

Period of harvest, sprouting ability of cuttings, and in vitro plant regeneration in Fraxinus excelsior

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conceição Eneida Silveira ◽  
Alain Cottignies
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Adventitious Roots ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Fraxinus Excelsior ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Apical Bud ◽  
Woody Plant Medium

Propagation by stem cuttings and in vitro culture of apical bud explants were studied on Fraxinus excelsior L. Stem cuttings from 4- to 7-year-old trees growing under natural conditions sprouted only when cuttings were taken from dormant material. Only 6% of those that had sprouted developed roots by the 7th month of culture. Similarly, only apical bud explants harvested during the dormant period sprouted in vitro. Up to 87% of these sprouts developed two to four branching adventitious roots after 5 months of culture. During the initial phase of in vitro culture, the Quoirin and Lepoivre medium and the woody plant medium favoured sprout lengthening. During the phase of multiplication, up to three sprouts per explant developed with the woody plant medium in the presence of a combination of high 6-benzylaminopurine (3.0–4.0 mg∙L−1) and low indole-3-butyric acid (0.01–0.03 mg∙L−1) concentrations. Rooting was obtained in a medium without any growth regulators. Microscopic analysis showed a direct connection between the vascular elements of adventitious roots and stem of plantlet. Chromosome number in root apices of ash plantlets and ash trees grown under natural conditions was 2n = 46. Key words: chromosome number, Fraxinus excelsior L., in vitro plants, micropropagation, stem cuttings.

Manipulation of desiccation-sensitive axes of wampee (Clausena lansium) to facilitate increased dehydration tolerance

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-400
Author(s):  
J.R. Fu ◽  
X.M. Huang ◽  
S.Q. Songa
Keyword(s):  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Adventitious Roots ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Dehydration Tolerance ◽  
Woody Plant Medium ◽  
Napthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Pre Treatment

AbstractThe plumules of newly-excised wampee embryos, which are more sensitive to dehydration than the roots, became more resistant to water loss when axes were allowed to sprout on woody plant medium [WPM; McCown and Lloyd (1981) Hortscience16, 453] before being dried. Pre-treatment of sprouting axes (seedlings) with sucrose incorporated in the WPM enhanced survival. Although the roots withered following further dehydration of seedlings cultured on WPM containing 60% sucrose, excised plumules were capable of generating adventitious roots when a combination of 10 mM α-napthaleneacetic acid and 10 mM indole-3-butyric acid was used during subsequent in vitro incubation.

scholarly journals Plantlets from encapsulated shoot buds of Catalpa ovata G. Don

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-186
Author(s):  
Halina Wysokińska ◽  
Katarzyna Lisowska ◽  
Katarzyna Floryanowicz-Czekalska
Keyword(s):  
Woody Plant ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
Shoot Buds ◽  
Catalpa Ovata ◽  
Alginate Capsules ◽  
Woody Plant Medium ◽  
The Media ◽  
In Vitro Shoot Cultures

Shoot buds isolated from in vitro shoot cultures of <em>Catalpa ovata</em> G. Don were encapsulated using 3% sodium alginate with sucrose (3%) and 50 mM calcium chloride. The morphogenic response of encapsulated buds was affected by such factors, like composition of the media and the presence of growth regulators. The highest frequency of plantlet germination from encapsulated buds (70% within 4 weeks) was obtained on Woody Plant medium (WP) (Lloyd and McCown 1980) containing indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) (1 mg/l). The process was substantially inhibited by cold-storage (4<sup>o</sup>C) of encapsulated buds. In this case, the frequency response ranged from 3% to 22% dependent on storage period (28 or 42 days) and the presence of the paraffin coat covering the alginate capsules. The plantlets developed from both unstored and stored encapsulated buds of <em>C. ovata</em> were transplanted to soil and grew in pots to phenotypically normal plants.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF MEDIA CULTURES AND BENZYLADENINE (BA) CONCENTRATIONS IN MICROPROPAGATION OF THREE TYPES OF CHERRY ROOTSTOCK (ESTABLISHMENT AND MULTIPLICATION)

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (Special) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bani & et al.
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Shoot Tips ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Nodal Segment ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Shoot Number ◽  
Woody Plant Medium ◽  
Department Faculty ◽  
All Treatment

This expereament was carried out in plant tissue culture laboratory of the Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Duhok, Iraq, during 2014, using two types of explants (Shoot tips and nod segments) in the establishment stage. The highest percentage of shoot /explant (100%) was obtained from Stockton Morello rootstock on both media, while 96.88% was recorded with WPM (Woody plant medium) from nodal segment in F12/1 Mazzard and (87.5%) was observed from shoot tip in Mohaleb. While the highest shoot number with three rootstocks (24.50, 24.38 and 22.25 shoot /explant) with Stockton Morello, F12/1 Mazzard and Mahaleb respectively, were recorded from nodal segment with WPM. While the lowest number of shoots (19.63 shoots /explant) was formed when the shoot tips were cultured on MS medium. At the multiplication stage, the maximum number of shoot per explant (9.50 and 9.17 shoots /explant) in Stockton Morello rootstock was recorded with WPM and MS medium provided with 3mg l-1 BA. The interaction of Stockton Morello with WPM and MS medium having 1.5 mg l-1 BA produced an average of shoot length (3.58 and 3.52 cm) and the increased of shoot length was significantly compared with all treatment without the treatment in combination of Stockton Morello rootstock in WPM medium supplemented with 3 mg l-1 BA. Also the highest length of shoot per explant with three rootstocks 3.58 and 2.98 cm in Stockton Morello and F12/1 Maazard were recorded in WPM having 1.5mg l-1 BA and in Mahaleb rootstock (2.92 cm) was recorded on MS medium containing 1.5mg l-1 BA.

scholarly journals In Vitro Colonization of Micropropagated Pieris floribunda by Ericoid Mycorrhizae. I. Establishment of Mycorrhizae on Microshoots

HortScience ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 353-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark C. Starrett ◽  
Frank A. Blazich ◽  
Steven R. Shafer ◽  
Larry F. Grand
Keyword(s):  
Root Development ◽  
Adventitious Roots ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Hymenoscyphus Ericae ◽  
Ericoid Mycorrhizae ◽  
Woody Plant Medium ◽  
In Vitro Establishment ◽  
Shoot Necrosis

Selected isolates of Hymenoscyphus ericae (Read) Korf and Kernan, Oidiodendron griseum Robak, O. maius Barron, and a second O. Robak species were evaluated as inocula for in vitro establishment of micropropagated plantlets of Pieris floribunda (Pursh ex Sims) Benth. and Hook. Severity of shoot necrosis on microshoots differed for each isolate of Oidiodendron. Inoculation of micropropagated plantlets with isolates of H. ericae benefited initial shoot and root development on agar-solidified Woody Plant Medium (WPM) supplemented with sucrose and covered by a layer of autoclaved 1 peat: 1 vermiculite (v/v). Inoculation of microshoots with H. ericae or isolates of Oidiodendron did not stimulate production of adventitious roots.

scholarly journals Micropropagation of the Endangered Shrub Pondberry (Lindera melissifolia [Walt.] Blume)

HortScience ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 407-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy S. Hawkins ◽  
Nathan M. Schiff ◽  
Emile S. Gardiner ◽  
Theodor Leininger ◽  
Margaret S. Devall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Woody Plant ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Bottomland Hardwoods ◽  
Mississippi Alluvial Valley ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
In Vitro Proliferation ◽  
Woody Plant Medium

A micropropagation protocol using shoot cultures is described for Lindera melissifolia, a federally listed endangered shrub endemic to the southeastern United States. Stock plants were harvested from native L. melissifolia populations growing in the lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley. In vitro proliferation was on woody plant medium supplemented with 1 μm zeatin. After 6 weeks, zeatin level was increased to 5 μm. Treatment of micropropagated shoots with a liquid auxin (2 indole-3-butyric acid : 1 1-naphthalenacetic acid) resulted in a low mean rooting percentage (≤44%) compared with rooting in the absence of auxins and on a pure peat medium ex vitro, which increased rooting to ≥80%. Time to rooting was 8 weeks. Plants were acclimatized for 2 weeks, then potted in a 2 peat : 1 perlite medium supplemented with superphosphate, 10N–10P–10K, and Milorganite. Micropropagated L. melissifolia stecklings have been successfully outplanted in both controlled and field studies at the Center for Bottomland Hardwoods Research (Stoneville, Miss.).

scholarly journals In vitro establishment and proliferation of red currant cultivars

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 21-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Sedlák ◽  
F. Paprštein
Keyword(s):  
Woody Plant ◽  
Adventitious Bud ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Shoot Number ◽  
Adventitious Bud Formation ◽  
Woody Plant Medium ◽  
In Vitro Establishment ◽  
Red Currant

The goal of this study was to investigate in vitro multiplication protocols for use with red currant cultivars grown in the Czech Republic. Cultivars Detvan, Vitan and Rotte H&ouml;llandische were successfully established in vitro using mercuric chloride in a concentration of 0.15% as a sterilization solution. The overall rate of contamination was 25.7%. Two proliferation media Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) and McCown woody plant medium (WPM) containing 1 or 2&nbsp;mg/l of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) were tested. Initial explants produced new plants in the form of rosettes. Rosettes arose from the base of the initial explants in the form of adventitious bud formation. The shoot number was relatively low and varied between 1.0 and 2.1. Generally, the highest number was obtained for cultivar Rotte Holl&auml;ndische that produced 2.1 &plusmn; 0.1 new rosettes on MS medium containing lower concentration 1 mg/l BAP. In contrary, Vitan cv. had significantly lower shoot number ranging from 1.0 to 1.3. WPM medium with a lower concentration of mineral salts proved to be unsuitable for the multiplication of tested cultivars.

scholarly journals Ex Vitro Rooting of American Chestnut Improves Acclimatization Survival and Plantlet Quality

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 75-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison D Oakes ◽  
Tyler R. Desmarais ◽  
William A. Powell ◽  
Charles A. Maynard
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Keystone Species ◽  
Ex Vitro Rooting ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Regulatory Review ◽  
Survival Percentage ◽  
Virus Indexing

Tissue culture of plants has many applications, from producing genetically identical horticultural varieties, to production of secondary metabolites, to virus indexing, and most relevantly, developing novel traits by genetic transformation. Using Agrobacterium-mediated transformation on somatic embryos, blight-resistant American chestnuts [Castanea dentata (Marsh.) Borkh.] have been developed as shoot cultures in plant tissue culture. Rooting tissue-cultured shoots and acclimatizing the rooted plantlets are key steps in tree production. In this study, in vitro and ex vitro rooting methods were compared. The ex vitro method resulted in a lower initial rooting percentage but an overall higher survival percentage, resulting in higher potted plant production. The higher survival was likely due to partial acclimatization taking place before the plantlets were transplanted into potting mix. After 8 weeks, plantlets rooted via the ex vitro method were taller, and had more, and larger, leaves than the in vitro-rooted plantlets. These trees are currently in high demand for inoculation studies for federal regulatory review and eventually for restoration of this keystone species to its native habitat.

SHOOT TISSUE CULTURE OF APPLE: COMPARATIVE RESPONSE OF FIVE CULTIVARS TO CYTOKININ AND AUXIN

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 689-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. D. LANE ◽  
J. M. McDOUGALD
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Acute Treatment ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
Shoot Tissue ◽  
Shoot Production ◽  
Comparative Response ◽  
Apple Cultivars ◽  
Rooting Response ◽  
Scion Cultivar

Shoot cultures of five apple cultivars, M.27, M.9, M.26, MM.111 and Macspur, a strain of McIntosh, were established in vitro and their response to different concentrations of cytokinin (benzyladenine, BA) and auxin (naphtheleneacetic acid, NAA) were measured. At the three BA concentrations tested (1.0, 5.0 and 10 μM) cultivars differed in the number of shoots produced and in their requirements for BA for optimum shoot production. M.27 produced the most shoots followed by Macspur, M.9 and M.26. The best concentration of BA for shoot production was 5.0 μM for Macspur and M.26 but slightly higher for M.27 and M.9. Rooting response was tested at NAA concentrations of 0.1, 0.33, 1.0, 3.3, 10 and 33 μM. The range of concentrations in which rootstock cultivars rooted was broader than for the scion cultivar Macspur and the percent rooting of rootstocks (about 85%) was higher than Macspur (58%). The most rooting occurred at 1.0 or 3.3 μM NAA. M.9 produced callus, which prevented rooting, when chronically exposed to NAA so a procedure of acute treatment was used. This allowed root initials to form but avoided callogenesis. Possible reasons for the different responses of the cultivars to cytokinin and auxin are discussed.

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