scholarly journals Photoperiod and Temperature Affect Lamium, Scaevola, Verbena, and Calibracoa Development and Propagation

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 466C-466
Author(s):  
A. Cutlan ◽  
J.E. Erwin ◽  
H. Huntington ◽  
J. Huntington
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Continuous Light ◽  
Flower Induction ◽  
Photoperiodic Flower Induction ◽  
Incandescent Lamps

Lamium maculatum L. `White Nancy', Scaevola aemula R. `New Blue Wonder', Verbena × hybrida Groenl. & Ruempl. `Tapian Blue', and Calibracoa × hybrida `Cherry Pink' were placed under different photoperiod treatments at constant 15, 20, 25, or 30 ± 2°C air temperature. Photoperiod treatments were 9 hr, ambient daylight (≈8 hr) plus night interruption lighting (2200–0200 hr, 2 μmol·m–2·s–1 from incandescent lamps), or ambient daylight plus continuous light (100 μmol·m–2·s–1 light from high-pressure sodium lamps). Data on plant development and rootability of cuttings from each environment was collected. Days to anthesis was lowest when plants were grown under the continuous lighting treatment across species. Verbena and Calibracoa stem elongation was greatest when grown under 30°C under continuous lighting. Species were classified as to photoperiodic flower induction groups. Implications of these data with respect to propagating and finishing these crops are discussed.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Flowering of Asclepias spp.

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 467A-467
Author(s):  
G. Nordwig ◽  
J.E. Erwin
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Continuous Light ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Plant Habit ◽  
Incandescent Lamps ◽  
Potential Use

Asclepias sp. seed were germinated and placed under different photoperiod treatments at constant 15, 20, or 25 ± 2°C. Photoperiod treatments were 8 hr, 8 hr plus night interruption lighting (2200–0200 hr, 2 μmol·m–2·s–1 from incandescent lamps), day extension lighting 1700–2000 HR (100 μmol·m–2·s–1 from highpressure sodium lamps), or daylight plus continuous light (100 μmol·m–2·s–1 light from high-pressure sodium lamps) treatments. Treatments were terminated at anthesis or after 15 weeks. Variation in plant habit and flowering were documented. Also, temperature/photoperiod effects/interactions on plant development are discussed. Lastly, species were classified into appropriate photoperiodic groups and evaluated for potential use as new floriculture crops.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Flowering of Hibiscus spp.

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 466E-466
Author(s):  
R. Warner ◽  
J.E. Erwin
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Continuous Light ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Plant Habit ◽  
Incandescent Lamps

Hibiscus spp. seed were germinated and placed under different photoperiod treatments at 15, 20, or 25± 2°C. Photoperiod treatments were 9 hr, ambient daylight (≈9 hr) plus night interruption lighting (2200–0200 hr, 2 μmol·m–2·s–1 from incandescent lamps), or ambient daylight plus continuous light (100 μmol·m–2·s–1 light from high-pressure sodium lamps). Treatments were terminated at anthesis or after 20 weeks. Variation in flowering form and plant habit were documented and will be discussed. Temperature/photoperiod effects/interactions on plant development will be presented. Species were classified into appropriate photoperiodic groups. Those species with potential as new commercial floriculture crops will be presented.

scholarly journals Photoperiod and Temperature Interact to Affect Viola × wittrockiana Gams. Development

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 466D-466
Author(s):  
J.E. Erwin ◽  
R. Warner ◽  
T. Smith ◽  
R. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Continuous Light ◽  
Flower Induction ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Ambient Light ◽  
Internode Elongation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Incandescent Lamps

Viola × wittrockiana Gams. cvs `Delta Pure Rose' and `Sorbet Yellow Frost' were grown under different photoperiod and temperature treatments (12–24 ± 2°C) for different lengths of time at different stages of development during the first 6 weeks after germination. Plants were grown with ambient light (≈9 hr) at 16°C before and after treatments. Days to anthesis and leaf number were lowest when plants were grown under night interruption from 2200–0200 hr (2 μmol·m–2·s–1 from incandescent lamps) and daylight plus continuous light (100 μmol·m–2·s–1 from high-pressure sodium lamps) for `Sorbet Yellow Frost' and `Delta Pure Rose', respectively. Days to anthesis decreased as temperature increased from 12 to 24°C. Plant height and internode elongation were greatest and least in the night interruption and continuous light treatments, respectively. Branching decreased as temperature increased from 12 to 24°C. Implications of these data with respect to classification of Viola × wittrockiana flower induction and development of prefinished seedlings is discussed.

scholarly journals Photoperiod and Temperature Interact to Affect Gomphrena globosa L. and Salvia farinacea Benth. Development

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 502B-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Warner ◽  
J.E. Erwin ◽  
R. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Continuous Light ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Internode Elongation ◽  
Night Temperature ◽  
Gomphrena Globosa ◽  
Delayed Flowering ◽  
Incandescent Lamps

Gomphrena globosa L. `Gnome Pink' and Salvia farinacea Benth. `Victoria Blue' were grown under different photoperiod treatments with day and night temperatures ranging from 15 to 30°C ± 1°C air temperature for 14 weeks after germination or until anthesis. Days to anthesis and leaf number were lowest when plants were grown under 9 hr of daylight and daylight plus 4-hr day extension from 1700–2100 HR (100 μmol·m–2·s–1 from high-pressure sodium lamps) for Gomphrena and Salvia, respectively. Days to anthesis decreased as temperature increased from 15 to 25°C with Gomphrena. Further increasing night temperature from 25 to 30°C delayed flowering and increased leaf number below the first flower of Gomphrena, but hastened flowering of Salvia. Plant height and internode elongation were greatest and least in the night interruption (2 μmol·m–2·s–1 from incandescent lamps from 2200–0200 HR) and continuous light (daylight plus 100 μmol·m–2·s–1 from high-pressure sodium lamps) treatments, respectively. Implications of these data with respect to classification of Gomphrena and Salvia flower induction are discussed and revised production schedules are presented.

scholarly journals Variation in Floral Induction Requirements of Hibiscus sp.

2001 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 262-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan M. Warner ◽  
John E. Erwin
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Floral Induction ◽  
Ambient Light ◽  
Short Day ◽  
Long Day ◽  
Flower Diameter ◽  
Plant Form ◽  
Incandescent Lamps ◽  
Ornamental Species

Thirty-six Hibiscus L. species were grown for 20 weeks under three lighting treatments at 15, 20, or 25 ± 1.5 °C air temperature to identify flowering requirements for each species. In addition, species were subjectively evaluated to identify those species with potential ornamental significance based on flower characteristics and plant form. Lighting treatments were 9 hour ambient light (St. Paul, Minn., November to May, 45 °N), ambient light plus a night interruption using incandescent lamps (2 μmol·m-2·s-1; 2200 to 0200 hr), or ambient light plus 24-hour supplemental lighting from high-pressure sodium lamps (100 μmol·m-2·s-1). Five day-neutral, six obligate short-day, six facultative short-day, three obligate long-day, and one facultative long-day species were identified. Fifteen species did not flower. Temperature and lighting treatments interacted to affect leaf number below the first flower and/or flower diameter on some species. Hibiscus acetosella Welw. ex Hiern, H. cisplatinus St.-Hil., H. radiatus Cav., and H. trionum L. were selected as potential new commercially significant ornamental species.

scholarly journals Photoperiod and Temperature Interact to Affect Petunia × hybrida Vilm. Development

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 502A-502
Author(s):  
J.E. Erwin ◽  
R. Warner ◽  
G.T. Smith ◽  
R. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Petunia Hybrida ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
Continuous Light ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Ambient Light ◽  
Internode Elongation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Incandescent Lamps

Petunia × hybrida Vilm. cvs. `Purple Wave', `Celebrity Burgundy', `Fantasy Pink Morn', and `Dreams Red' were treated with temperature and photoperiod treatments for different lengths of time at different stages of development during the first 6 weeks after germination. Plants were grown with ambient light (≈8–9 hr) at 16°C before and after treatments. Flowering was earliest and leaf number below the first flower was lowest when plants were grown under daylight plus 100 μmol·m–2·s–1 continuous light (high-pressure sodium lamps). Flowering did not occur when plants were grown under short-day treatment (8-hr daylight). Plants grown with night interruption lighting from 2200–0200 HR (2 μmol·m–2·s–1 from incandescent lamps) flowered earlier, and with a reduced leaf number compared to plants grown with daylight + a 3-hr day extension from 1700–2000 HR (100 μmol·m–2·s–1 using high-pressure sodium lamps). Plant height and internode elongation were greatest and least in night interruption and continuous light treatments, respectively. `Fantasy Pink Morn' and `Purple Wave' were the earliest and latest cultivars to flower, respectively. Flowering was hastened as temperature increased from 12 to 20°C, but not as temperature was further increased from 20 to 24°C. Branching increased as temperature decreased from 24 to 12°C. Implications of data with respect to classification of petunia flower induction and pre-fi nishing seedlings are discussed.

scholarly journals Development of Microencapsulation Method of Gamma-Decalactone

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Jolanta Małajowicz ◽  
Aleksandra Jedlińska ◽  
Katarzyna Samborska ◽  
Amr Edris
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Final Stage ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Gum Arabic ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Food Additive ◽  
Stable Emulsion ◽  
Valuable Method ◽  
Microencapsulation Method

Microencapsulation is a technique that is increasingly used to encapsulate fragrances. It offers a valuable method to protect aromas against degradation in technological processes and during storage, which extends the usefulness of the aroma in the production and processing of food products. The aim of this research was to develop a microencapsulation method of gamma-decalactone, a cyclic ester with the scent of peach, which is used as a food additive. The carrier used for microencapsulation was an emulsion consisting of rapeseed oil, maltodextrin and gum Arabic. In this work, optimization of the carrier composition was performed in order to obtain a stable emulsion. The effect of inlet air temperature (80 °C, 180 °C) during spray drying on the powder quality parameters was then analyzed. In the final stage, the gamma-decalactone content in the obtained powders was evaluated. The results showed that emulsions based on colza oil and gum Arabic are a good carrier for the microencapsulation of gamma-decalactone. The use of high pressure during homogenization results in better fragmentation and homogenization of the emulsion. Drying at a higher inlet air temperature (180 °C) contributes to a more efficient microencapsulation process in that more aroma is encapsulated inside the capsules with less adhering to their surface.

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