scholarly journals Isozyme Variation in Cymbidium Species (Orchidaceae)

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Obara-Okeyo ◽  
K. Fujii ◽  
S. Kako
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Malate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Isozyme Variation ◽  
Enzyme Systems ◽  
Cymbidium Goeringii ◽  
Cymbidium Ensifolium ◽  
Cymbidium Sinense

Eight enzyme systems were used to study electrophoretic variability among 12 species of Cymbidium Swartz and to assess phylogenetic relationships among them. The species could be easily distinguished by two enzyme systems, malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and phosphoglucose isomerase (GPI), although other enzyme combinations were also diagnostic. Genetic similarity index data indicated considerable genetic variability among the 12 species. Isozyme data supported the current taxonomic placement of the investigated species. The terrestrials [Cymbidium goeringii (Rchb. f.) Rchb. f., Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Swartz, and Cymbidium sinense (Jackson) Wild.], which are all members of the subgenus Jensoa (Rafin.) Seth & Cribb., were the most closely related.

Intraspecific genetic variability of isozymes in the ectomycorrhizal fungus Suillus tomentosus

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 588-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Zhu ◽  
Kenneth O. Higginbotham ◽  
Bruce P. Dancik ◽  
Stan Navratil
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Host Selection ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Habitat Isolation ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Enzyme Systems ◽  
Forest Regions ◽  
Starch Gel

Mycelial extracts of 43 isolates of Suillus tomentosus (Kauffm.) Singer, Snell & Dick collected from four boreal forest regions in Alberta were subjected to starch gel electrophoresis. A total of 21 bands was resolved from eight different enzyme systems presumably representing 13 loci. Six loci were polymorphic among these isolates. Cluster and principal components analyses demonstrated that intraspecific genetic variability of this fungus existed among and within forest regions. Polymorphic loci of acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase exhibited the greatest genetic similarity among the isolates within forest regions. Habitat isolation and host selection could be the major sources of genetic variation among forest regions.

scholarly journals ISOZYME VARIATION AND GENETICS IN ASPARAGUS OFFICINALIS

HortScience ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 715A-715
Author(s):  
Thomas S. Brettin ◽  
Ken C. Sink
Keyword(s):  
Malate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Triosephosphate Isomerase ◽  
Asparagus Officinalis ◽  
Isozyme Analysis ◽  
Isozyme Variation ◽  
Shikimate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Enzyme Systems ◽  
Fusion Products

We have used isozyme techniques (SGE) to assess variation and begin construction of a genetic map of the Asparagus officinalis genome. Isozyme extraction buffers, electrophoretic buffer systems, and isozyme stability during storage were evaluated. Isozyme expression under different environmental conditions was also examined. Thirty-four enzymes were evaluated for their usefulness as genetic markers in A. officinalis. Of these 34, 13 had sufficient activity and resolution on the gels for isozyme analysis. Of the 13 enzyme systems resolved, polymorphisms were observed in aconitase, endopeptidase, malate dehydrogenase, phosphoglucomutase, and shikimate dehydrogenase. Segregation of putative alleles is presented for ACON, END, MDH, PGM and SKDH isozymes. Co-segregation data showed linkage between a SKDH locus and a PGM locus. The isozyme analysis also included Asparagus densiflorus `Sprengeri' and revealed that aspartate aminotransaminase, endopeptidase, and triosephosphate isomerase would be potentially useful for verification of cell fusion products between the two species.

scholarly journals Isozyme Variation in Cultivars of Purple Loosestrife (Lythrum sp.)

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark S. Strefeler ◽  
Elizabeth Darmo ◽  
Roger L. Becker ◽  
Elizabeth J. Katovich
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Malate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Purple Loosestrife ◽  
Isozyme Variation ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Isozyme Markers ◽  
Species Origin ◽  
Cultivar Differentiation

Isozyme markers were used to identify several cultivars of purple loosestrife (Lythrum spp.) and interspecific hybrids. There were three zones of activity for phosphoglucomutase (PGM) and phosphoglucoisomerase (PGI) and two zones for malate dehydrogenase (MDH) in purple loosestrife cultivars. Allelic constitution could not be characterized due to the polyploid nature of purple loosestrife and the possibility of intergenic dimerization. Coefficients of genetic similarity were used to estimate the degree of relationship between purple loosestrife cultivars. Cluster analysis indicated that seven cultivars originating from L. salicaria L. were not distinguishable from eight cultivars originating from L. virgatum L., indicating possible limitations of isozyme analysis for cultivar differentiation based on species origin. All but two cultivars (`Morden Gleam' and `Morden Rose') could be distinguished from one another by isozyme phenotype. This result suggests that isozymes may be useful for cultivar fingerprinting if additional isozyme systems could be resolved. `Robert' appeared morphologically heterogeneous, and plants could be differentiated based on isozyme banding patterns. Also, two putative clones of `Stichflamme' (one marketed under its English synonym `Fire Candle') possessed distinct isozyme phenotypes, indicating a lack of clonal integrity.

scholarly journals GENETIC ESTIMATION OF SNAIL LYMNAEA STAGNALIS POPULATIONS FROM REGIONS WITH DIFFERENT ANTHROPOGENIC LOAD AS A FIRST STEP IN GENETIC MONITORING

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-31
Author(s):  
Oksana Yu Koneva
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Lymnaea Stagnalis ◽  
Population Analysis ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Anthropogenic Load ◽  
Snail Population ◽  
Genetic Typing

The paper deals with carrying out molecular-genetic typing of populations of snail Lymnaea stagnalis from regions with a different ecological load (the lake Perstok and zatoka of the river Pripyat, Belarus). By means of interpopulation analysis of frequencies of RAPD-fragments, frequencies of zero alleles of RAPD-loci and genetic similarity index we established that these populations are genetically identical because there are no significant distinctions of genetic variability neither between individuals within a population, nor between populations. Results of the cluster analysis and the population analysis also have confirmed that populations of snails are genetically closely related. However the snail population of the lake Perstok is genetically more homogeneous.

scholarly journals Isozyme Variation in Lychee (Litchi chinensis Sonn.)

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 796A-796
Author(s):  
F. Zee ◽  
K.M. Aradhya ◽  
R.M. Manshardt
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Diversity Analysis ◽  
Isozyme Variation ◽  
Litchi Chinensis ◽  
Genetic Diversity Analysis ◽  
Germplasm Collections ◽  
Enzyme Systems ◽  
Clonal Identity

A genetic diversity analysis involving 49 Iychee (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) accessions using eight enzyme systems encoding 12 loci (Idh-1, Idh-2, Mdh-2, Per-1, Pgi-2, Pgm-1, Pgm-2, Skdh, Tpi-1, Tpi-2, Ugpp-1, and Ugpp-2) revealed moderate to high levels of genetic variability. Cluster analysis of the isozyme data from 40 genetically different accessions of the total 49 identified three groups at the 50% level of genetic similarity, the largest of which contained 32 of the 40 accessions distributed in three sub-groups. The groups including the three subgroups differed in frequency and composition of alleles at different loci. Polymorphism was observed in 77% of the loci, with an overall mean of 2.2 alleles per locus and an observed heterozygosity of 0.387. The unbiased genetic identities (I) between groups ranged from 0.809 to 0.937. Summing over all 11 polymorphic loci, 16% of gene diversity was due to differentiation between groups and 84% within groups. Comparison of isozyme fingerprints revealed that some accessions with identical names, particularly of `No mai tsz', `Kwai mi', and `Hak ip', possessed different isozyme genotypes, while other accessions with different names displayed identical isozyme genotypes. Isozyme fingerprinting will be useful in revealing and resolving questions of clonal identity, which are common in Iychee germplasm collections.

scholarly journals A comparative study of eleven protein systems in tamarins, genus Saguinus (Platyrrhini, Callitrichinae)

1997 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Meireles ◽  
Iracilda Sampaio ◽  
Horacio Schneider ◽  
Stephen F. Ferrari ◽  
Adelmar F. Coimbra-Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Neighbor Joining ◽  
Taxonomic Relationships

The genetic variability of six tamarin taxa, genus Saguinus, was analyzed comparatively using protein data from eleven systems coded by 15 loci. S. fuscicollis weddelli and S. midas midas were the most polymorphic taxa, and S. bicolor the least. The results of the phylogenetic analyses (UPGMA and neighbor-joining) and the genetic distances between taxa were generally consistent with their geographic and probable phylogenetic relationships. Analyses of the S. bicolor and S. midas populations suggested that they represent no more than three subspecies of a single species, S. midas, with the bicolor forms belonging to a single subspecies, S. midas bicolor. If supported by additional studies, this would have important implications for the conservation of the bicolor form, which is endangered with extinction. The genetic similarity of S. fuscicollis and S. mystax was also consistent with their geographical and morphological proximity, although more data from a larger number of taxa will be required before the taxonomic relationships within the genus can be defined.

Phylogenetic relationships of five morphological groups of hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell.) based on RAPD analysis

Genome ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 724-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenguang Cao ◽  
G Scoles ◽  
P Hucl ◽  
R N Chibbar
Keyword(s):  
Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Similarity Coefficients ◽  
Morphological Classification ◽  
Wild Wheat

The genetic relationships among the five groups of hexaploid wheat: common, spelta, macha, vavilovii, and semi-wild wheat (SWW) are not clear. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was used to assess phylogenetic relationships among these five morphological groups of hexaploid wheat. RAPD data were analyzed using the NTSYS-PC computer program to generate Jaccard genetic similarity coefficients. A dendrogram based on RAPD analysis grouped 15 accessions into five distinct clusters. These results are in agreement with those based on morphological classification, suggesting that common wheat is most closely related to SWW, followed by spelta, vavilovii, and macha.Key words: RAPD, macha, spelta, vavilovii, semi-wild wheat, phylogenetic relationships.

Inheritance of isozymes in seed and bud tissues of blue and Engelmann spruce

Genome ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. G. Ernst ◽  
D. E. Keathley ◽  
J. W. Hanover
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Malate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase ◽  
Blue Spruce ◽  
Mating Design ◽  
Engelmann Spruce ◽  
Enzyme Systems ◽  
Segregation Ratios ◽  
Mode Of Inheritance

Thirteen loci from 11 enzyme systems were identified among full-sib and half-sib progeny of blue and Engelmann spruce. Eleven of the loci were expressed in bud, embryo, and megagametophyte tissue; the remaining two loci were expressed only in embryo and megagametophyte tissue. There were no mobility differences observed between loci expressed in seed and bud tissues. The mode of inheritance for 10 of the loci was confirmed based on progeny genotypic distributions. For the two loci not expressed in bud tissue, acid phosphatase (Acp-2) and diaphorase (Dia-2), inheritance was inferred from pooled segregation ratios of megagametophytes from open-pollinated seed from heterozygous females. The inheritance of glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (Got-3) was also inferred from segregation ratios and diploid embryo phenotypes of open-pollinated progeny owing to a lack of variability at this locus among the 40 parents in the mating design. Two loci, aldolase (Ald) and malate dehydrogenase (Mdh-2), were monomorphic among the 20 parents of both species. Key words: isozymes, Engelmann spruce, blue spruce, Picea.

scholarly journals Genetic structure and gene flow of Eugenia dysenterica natural populations

2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 975-980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Imaculada Zucchi ◽  
José Baldin Pinheiro ◽  
Lázaro José Chaves ◽  
Alexandre Siqueira Guedes Coelho ◽  
Mansuêmia Alves Couto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Jaccard Similarity ◽  
Eugenia Dysenterica

This study was carried out to assess the genetic variability of ten "cagaita" tree (Eugenia dysenterica) populations in Southeastern Goiás. Fifty-four randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) loci were used to characterize the population genetic variability, using the analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA). A phiST value of 0.2703 was obtained, showing that 27.03% and 72.97% of the genetic variability is present among and within populations, respectively. The Pearson correlation coefficient (r) among the genetic distances matrix (1 - Jaccard similarity index) and the geographic distances were estimated, and a strong positive correlation was detected. Results suggest that these populations are differentiating through a stochastic process, with restricted and geographic distribution dependent gene flow.

scholarly journals Evaluating the genetic variability of rubber hybrid progenies of the two crosses PB260 x RO44/71 and PB260 x RO62/54 by RAPD technique

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
Thien Minh Nguyen ◽  
Tien Thi My Pham
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Polymorphic Bands

The agronomic values of this population have been evaluated in the field experiments based on their phenotypic performance of agronomic traits, but the genetic variability of this population needs to be evaluated via techniques based on genetic material - DNA. In this study, the genetic variability in the investigated population of 71 hybrids and their parents was evaluated by RAPD technique, using eight selected arbitrarily primers; Genetic parameters and dendrogram expressing the genetic relationships among the investigated population were analyzed by GenALEx 6.1, Popgene 1.31 and NTSYSpc 2.1 softwares. Eight primers were used to generate the amplify products on each individual in the investigated population. From 74 genotypes, a total of 109 fragments were generated, among which, there were 89 polymorphic bands representing 81.65% with an average of 11 polymorphic bands/primer. Genetic similarity coefficient among the investigated population, based on DICE coefficient, ranged from 0.560 (LH05/0822 and PB260) to 0.991 (LH05/0781 and LH05/0841) with an average of 0,796, meaning that the genetic distance among ranged from 0.009 to 0.440 with an average of 0.231. The Shannon index and mean heterozygosity values were 0.328 and 0,176, respectively. This indicated that the progenies of the two investigated crosses possessed a relatively high range of genetic variability. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that genetic variation within population represented 62%, while genetic variation among two different crosses contributes 38% to the total genetic variability. Dendrogram based on DICE’s genetic similarity using UPGMA method showed that the hybrids divide into two major genetic groups (0.75), but the crosses were scattered independently of the hybrid.

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