scholarly journals 032 Resistance to Papaya Ringspot Virus in Watermelon

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 446D-446
Author(s):  
E. Bruton Strange ◽  
Todd C. Wehner ◽  
Zvezdana Pesic-Van Esbroeck
Keyword(s):  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Ringspot Virus ◽  
Watermelon Mosaic Virus ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Papaya Ringspot Virus ◽  
Virus Diseases ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Effective Screening

Watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai] is a major crop in the southern U.S., where the most important virus diseases are papaya ringspot virus (PRSV), watermelon mosaic virus-2, and zucchini yellow mosaic. The most economical control of virus diseases of watermelon is probably through genetic resistance. Watermelon has not been screened extensively for resistance to PRSV. The objective of this research was to develop a suitable method for screening watermelons for resistance to PRSV and then to screen the USDA germplasm collection. To date, we have developed an effective method and have nearly completed the screening. Several of the 1283 accessions have shown resistance to the virus. Methods tests involved 10 isolates of PRSV, several watermelon accessions and multiple inoculation procedures. Seedlings were screened in greenhouse flats with six replications per test. Tests were rated visually on a 0 to 9 scale (0 = no damage, 9 = plant dead), as well as with ELISA to detect the presence of virus. The watermelon germplasm collection was screened in four separate runs of 1283 accessions with `Charleston Gray' as the susceptible check. This research will be useful for those interested in effective screening methods, and sources of resistance for development of improved watermelon cultivars.

scholarly journals Inheritance of Resistance to the Watermelon Strain of Papaya Ringspot Virus in Watermelon

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 811C-811
Author(s):  
Nihat Guner* ◽  
Zvezdana Pesic-VanEsbroeck ◽  
Todd Wehner
Keyword(s):  
New Hampshire ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Ringspot Virus ◽  
Inheritance Of Resistance ◽  
Papaya Ringspot Virus ◽  
Single Recessive Gene ◽  
Susceptible Parent ◽  
Sources Of Resistance

Sources of resistance to the watermelon strain of papaya ringspot virus (PRSV-W) have been identified within the watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) germplasm collection. Inheritance of resistance to papaya ringspot virus-watermelon strain was studied in three C. lanatus var. citroides accessions: PI 244017, PI 244019, and PI 485583. The susceptible parent lines `Allsweet', `Calhoun Gray', and `New Hampshire Midget' were crossed with resistant accessions to develop F1, F2, and BC1 generations for six families. A single recessive gene was found to control resistance to PRSV-W. The gene symbol `prv' is proposed for PRSV-W resistance in watermelon. Additional work is needed to determine whether the genes in PI 244017, PI 244019, and PI 485583 are allelic for resistance to PRSV-W.

scholarly journals Inheritance of Resistance to Papaya Ringspot Virus-Watermelon Strain in Watermelon

HortScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 624-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nihat Guner ◽  
Zvezdana Pesic-VanEsbroeck ◽  
Luis A. Rivera-Burgos ◽  
Todd C. Wehner
Keyword(s):  
New Hampshire ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Ringspot Virus ◽  
Papaya Ringspot Virus ◽  
Single Recessive Gene ◽  
Susceptible Parent ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Allelism Tests

Sources of resistance to the watermelon strain of papaya ringspot virus-watermelon strain (PRSV-W) have been identified within the watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) germplasm collection. Inheritance of the resistance to PRSV-W was studied in three Citrullus amarus (formerly C. lanatus var. citroides) PI accessions: PI 244017, PI 244019, and PI 485583. Three susceptible parent lines, ‘Allsweet’, ‘Calhoun Gray’, and ‘New Hampshire Midget’, were crossed with resistant PI accessions to develop F1, F2, and BC1 progenies in six families. A single recessive gene was found to control the resistance to PRSV-W in all three resistant PI accessions. Allelism tests indicated that the three PI accessions carry the same resistance allele to PRSV-W. The gene symbol ‘prv’ is proposed for PRSV-W resistance in PI 244017, PI 244019, and PI 485583 in watermelon.

scholarly journals Identificação sorológica de espécies de potyvirus em melancia, no estado de Roraima

2004 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 687-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardo A. Halfeld-Vieira ◽  
Najara F. Ramos ◽  
Francisco A.C. Rabelo Filho ◽  
M. Fátima B. Gonçalves ◽  
Katia L. Nechet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Ringspot Virus ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Watermelon Mosaic Virus ◽  
Papaya Ringspot Virus

No período de maio de 2003 a março de 2004, foram coletadas amostras foliares de plantas de melancia (Citrullus lanatus) de 21 campos de cultivo de cucurbitáceas, no Estado de Roraima. As amostras exibiam diferentes sintomas de vírus e foram levadas para o Laboratório de Virologia Vegetal da Universidade Federal do Ceará para serem testadas por "enzyme linked immunosorbent assay" (Elisa)-indireto, contra anti-soros específicos para Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Papaya ringspot virus estirpe melancia (PRSV-W), Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV) e Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV). Nos testes de Elisa, utilizou-se o conjugado universal, anti-imunoglobulina (IgG) de coelho produzida em cabra conjugada à enzima fosfatase alcalina. Todas as amostras foram testadas, também, por dupla difusão contra o anti-soro para Squash mosaic virus (SqMV). Os resultados indicaram a presença do PRSV-W em 84,2% das amostras coletadas em maio de 2003, em 7,1% das amostras coletadas em dezembro de 2003 e em 55,6% das amostras coletadas em março de 2004. A presença do ZYMV foi observada em 10,5% das amostras coletadas em maio de 2003, 21,4% das amostras coletadas em dezembro de 2003 e em 25,9% das amostras de março de 2004. O WMV foi detectado somente em oito das amostras coletadas em março de 2004 (29,6%). Os resultados desta pesquisa confirmam a ampla dispersão do PRSV-W em cultivos de cucurbitáceas no território brasileiro e a preocupante expansão do ZYMV em razão dos elevados prejuízos que o mesmo tem causado em outras partes do mundo.

scholarly journals Fontes de resistência em melancia aos principais potyvírus isolados de cucurbitáceas no Nordeste brasileiro

2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 589-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanuzia B. de Oliveira ◽  
Manoel Abilio de Queiroz ◽  
Albersio A. Lima
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Ringspot Virus ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Watermelon Mosaic Virus ◽  
Papaya Ringspot Virus

A melancia, Citrullus spp., pode ser infetada por várias espécies de vírus, dentre as quais se destacam as pertencentes à família Potyviridae. Visando identificar fontes de resistência a potyvírus, foi iniciado na UFC um programa de indexação do banco de germoplasma de melancia da Embrapa Semi-Árido. Foram utilizadas as espécies de potyvírus, isoladas de cucurbitáceas no Nordeste: Papaya ringspot virus type W (PRSV-W); Watermelon mosaic virus-2 (WMV-2) e Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV). Dos 50 acessos de melancia avaliados, 37 pertencem a Citrullus lanatus, 9 a C. lanatus var. citroides e 4 a C. colocynthis. Em casa-de-vegetação foram inoculadas 4 plantas envasadas de cada acesso com PRSV-W, 4 com WMV-2 e 4 com ZYMV, ficando 4 sem inoculação. As inoculações foram efetuadas 8 dias após o plantio, e 15 dias depois. As plantas assintomáticas foram reinoculadas. As plantas que persistiram sem sintomas, após um período de 25 dias após a primeira inoculação, foram testadas por ELISA contra os anti-soros correspondentes. Dentre os acessos avaliados, 5 mostraram-se resistentes aos 3 vírus, um resistente somente ao PRSV-W, 21 resistentes somente ao ZYMV e nenhum com resistência isolada ao WMV-2. No entanto, 45 acessos apresentaram resistência ao ZYMV isoladamente ou em combinação com outro potyvírus. Os acessos suscetíveis, apresentaram sintomas 10 dias após a primeira inoculação enquanto que os resistentes permaneceram sem sintomas após a segunda inoculação e com resultados negativos em ELISA. Alguns acessos poderão ser cruzados visando obter populações segregantes para a seleção de indivíduos homozigotos recessivos e, juntamente com os acessos com resistência tripla identificados, ampliar a variabilidade genética de fontes quanto a características de planta e fruto.

scholarly journals Efeitos da interação de potyvirus em híbridos de meloeiro, variedades de melancia e abobrinha

2003 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Najara F. Ramos ◽  
J. Albérsio A. Lima ◽  
M. Fátima B. Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Cucurbita Pepo ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Ringspot Virus ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Watermelon Mosaic Virus ◽  
Gold Mine ◽  
Papaya Ringspot Virus

Em razão da freqüente ocorrência de infecção mista, na natureza, o presente trabalho objetivou estudar o efeito da interação de diferentes espécies de potyvírus em meloeiro (Cucumis melo), melancia (Citrullus lanatus) e abobrinha (Cucurbita pepo). Foram usados os seguintes vírus da família Potyviridae, gênero Potyvirus: Papaya ringspot virus (PRSV); Watermelon mosaic virus, (WMV) e Zucchini yellow mosaic virus, (ZYMV). Os efeitos na sintomatologia das infecções duplas e simples de PRSV, WMV e ZYMV foram avaliados em três híbridos de meloeiro, duas variedades de melancia e abobrinha 'Caserta', em experimentos de casa de vegetação. Os três vírus, isoladamente ou em todas as duplas combinações possíveis, foram inoculados, em plantas dos híbridos de meloeiro Hy Mark, Gold Mine e Orange Flesh, variedades de melancia Crimson Sweet e Charleston Gray e abobrinha 'Caserta', usando-se dez plantas de cada híbrido ou variedade, por combinação de vírus. As inoculações foram efetuadas por meio de extratos de folhas com infecção simples dos respectivos vírus. As plantas inoculadas com cada vírus isoladamente e suas respectivas combinações foram observadas quanto ao aparecimento de sintomas durante 30 dias após as inoculações. Amostras foliares das plantas inoculadas foram, também, testadas por ELISA indireto contra os anti-soros correspondentes para cada vírus. As infecções duplas em meloeiro, melancia e abobrinha revelaram, através da avaliação sintomatológica, que existem interações sinérgicas entre PRSV, WMV e ZYMV. As infecções duplas envolvendo o ZYMV apresentaram alta severidade, exibindo sintomas não encontrados em infecções simples, apesar da severidade nas infecções isoladas do ZYMV.

Screening the Watermelon Germplasm Collection for Resistance to Papaya Ringspot Virus Type‐W

Crop Science ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 1324-1330 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Bruton Strange ◽  
Nihat Guner ◽  
Zvezdana Pesic‐VanEsbroeck ◽  
Todd C. Wehner
Keyword(s):  
Virus Type ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Ringspot Virus ◽  
Papaya Ringspot Virus

scholarly journals Problemas na premunização de melancia para o controle do mosaico causado pelo Papaya ringspot virus

2001 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 651-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
PAULO R. P. DIAS ◽  
JORGE A. M. REZENDE
Keyword(s):  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Ringspot Virus ◽  
Papaya Ringspot Virus

Neste trabalho estudou-se a proteção de melancia (Citrullus lanatus) com estirpes fracas do Papaya ringspot virus, estirpe melancia, em condições de casa de vegetação e em campo. Os resultados mostraram que a proteção foi eficiente em ambos os testes. Nos testes em campo porém, as plantas protegidas da cultivar Crimson Sweet tiveram uma redução no peso médio de frutos por planta de, aproximadamente, 50% e 10,8%, em comparação às plantas não protegidas que estavam sadias, no primeiro e no segundo teste, respectivamente. O mesmo fato ocorreu com a cultivar Crimson Tide, na qual se registrou uma redução de 36,4%, aproximadamente, em um único teste. Além da redução na produção, outro problema encontrado na premunização da melancia foi a necessidade de duas inoculações sucessivas das mudas, em dias consecutivos, para aumentar a freqüência de plantas infetadas.

scholarly journals On the evolution and molecular epidemiology of the potyvirus Papaya ringspot virus

2002 ◽  
Vol 83 (10) ◽  
pp. 2575-2585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion F. Bateson ◽  
Rosemarie E. Lines ◽  
Peter Revill ◽  
Worawan Chaleeprom ◽  
Cuong V. Ha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Ringspot Virus ◽  
Population Variation ◽  
Watermelon Mosaic Virus ◽  
Papaya Ringspot Virus ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
The Tropics

The potyvirus Papaya ringspot virus (PRSV) is found throughout the tropics and subtropics. Its P biotype is a devastating pathogen of papaya crops and its W biotype of cucurbits. PRSV-P is thought to arise by mutation from PRSV-W. However, the relative impact of mutation and movement on the structure of PRSV populations is not well characterized. To investigate this, we have determined the coat protein sequences of isolates of both biotypes of PRSV from Vietnam (50), Thailand (13), India (1) and the Philippines (1), and analysed them together with 28 PRSV sequences already published, so that we can better understand the molecular epidemiology and evolution of PRSV. In Thailand, variation was greater among PRSV-W isolates (mean nucleotide divergence 7·6%) than PRSV-P isolates (mean 2·6%), but in Vietnamese populations the P and W biotypes were more but similarly diverse. Phylogenetic analyses of PRSV also involving its closest known relative, Moroccan watermelon mosaic virus, indicate that PRSV may have originated in Asia, particularly in the Indian subcontinent, as PRSV populations there are most diverse and hence have probably been present longest. Our analyses show that mutation, together with local and long-distance movement, contributes to population variation, and also confirms an earlier conclusion that populations of the PRSV-P biotype have evolved on several occasions from PRSV-W populations.

scholarly journals Screening Methods and Further Sources of Resistance to Peanut Rust1

1980 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Subrahmanyam ◽  
R. W. Gibbons ◽  
S. N. Nigam ◽  
V. R. Rao
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Moderately Resistant ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract A germplasm collection of 6000 peanut entries was screened for resistance to rust at ICRISAT, India. Preliminary field screening was done during the 1977 rainy season when a natural epidemic of rust was in progress. The cultivars or lines which were rated between 2 and 5 on a 9-point scale during this screening were further tested during the 1977/78 dry season employing an infector row system of susceptible cultivars and spreader plants systematically interplanted with the test material. High relative humidity was maintained in the field by operating an overhead sprinkler irrigation system. Percentage leaf area damaged on the test material was estimated at 10 day intervals from approximately 90 days after their emergence until harvest. Each entry was also assessed on a scale proposed by Mazzani and Hinojosa. Two land races, NC.Ac. 17090 and EC. 76446 (292) were more resistant than either PI. 259747 or PI. 298115 which were reported resistant by other workers. In addition, NCAc. 17030, NCAc. 17132, NC.Ac. 17129, NC. Ac. 17135 and NC.Ac. 17124 were moderately resistant. Four cultivars or lines with different levels of resistance in the field were tested in the greenhouse at three different stages in development. The results indicated that resistance increased as the plants aged.

scholarly journals Resistance to Belly Rot in Cucumber Identified through Field and Detached-fruit Evaluations

1998 ◽  
Vol 123 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. Uchneat ◽  
Todd C. Wehner
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Plant Introduction ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Partial Control ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Horticultural Traits ◽  
Pickling Cucumbers

Belly rot, caused by the fungal pathogen Rhizoctonia solani Kühn., is a severe disease in many regions that produce cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). Annual crop loss to belly rot is commonly 5% to 10%, but losses as high as 80% can occur in individual fields. There are no resistant cultivars, so fungicides are used to provide partial control. Genetic resistance in an acceptable cultivar would be more desirable and economical. Studies were conducted in Summers 1991 and 1992 to screen promising germplasm for belly rot resistance using field and detached-fruit screening methods. In 1991, 105 cultigens (cultivars, breeding lines, and plant introduction accessions) were evaluated for belly rot resistance. The tests were repeated in 1992 with 63 cultigens, including the most resistant cultigens identified in 1991 and appropriate controls. Several cultigens were identified as potential sources of resistance genes. Pickling cucumbers showing resistance included PI 197085, PI 271328, and an F4 selection of PI 197087 × PI 280096. Slicing cucumbers with resistance included `Marketmore 76' and the F1 of Gy 14 × PI 197087. Belly rot resistance was not correlated with other horticultural traits measured, including fruit type, skin type, spine color, and firmness. The resistant cultigens identified should be useful for developing cucumber cultivars with enhanced resistance to Rhizoctonia solani.

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