scholarly journals ReTain™ Affects Maturity and Ripening of `Bartlett' Pear

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 1294-1299 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Clayton ◽  
W.V. Biasi ◽  
S.M. Southwick ◽  
E.J. Mitcham
Keyword(s):  
Cold Storage ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Fruit Maturation ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Commercial Harvest ◽  
Harvest Maturity ◽  
And Control

ReTain™, a commercial derivative of aminoethoxyvinylglycine, was applied as a single application at 124 g·ha-1 a.i. to `Bartlett' pear (Pyrus communis L.) trees 28, 21, 14, or 7 days prior to initial commercial harvest and at 62 g·ha-1 a.i. in combination with naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) at 92 g·ha-1 a.i. 14 days prior to initial commercial harvest. Maturity and quality of treated fruits at harvest and following storage were compared with those of nontreated pears in 1996 and 1997. Ethylene production by mature green pears at harvest was not significantly affected by ReTain™ treatments, although softening, loss of chlorophyll, and starch clearance were usually inhibited by the 14- or 7-day treatment. ReTain™ suppressed ethylene production, softening and loss of chlorophyll in ripening pears and mature green pears cold-stored for 4 months, although loss of chlorophyll did not differ in the cold-stored fruit in 1997. ReTain™ had little effect on softening during a ripening period of 6 days after 4 months of cold storage. Application at 14 or 7 days prior to initial harvest appeared most effective, often with little difference between the two timings, and the 28- or 21-day treatment or combined ReTain™ and NAA treatment were seldom more effective. ReTain™ applied 14 or 7 days before initial harvest delayed fruit maturation by 4-10 days depending on the maturity index. The maturity or ripeness of pears from the combined ReTain™ and NAA, NAA only, and control treatments was often similar or differed only slightly. Premature ripening, prevalent in 1997, was dramatically suppressed in fruit treated with ReTain™. Ripening of both ReTain™- and non-ReTain™-treated fruit with ethylene reduced premature ripening by ≈50%.

scholarly journals Preharvest Application of 1-Methylcyclopropene Influences Fruit Drop and Storage Potential of ‘Bartlett’ Pears

HortScience ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 610-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max G. Villalobos-Acuña ◽  
William V. Biasi ◽  
Sylvia Flores ◽  
Elizabeth J. Mitcham ◽  
Rachel B. Elkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Storage ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Fruit Maturation ◽  
Physiological Disorders ◽  
Fruit Drop ◽  
Parallel Experiment ◽  
Storage Potential ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Treatment Concentration

Preharvest applications of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) were tested on California ‘Bartlett’ pears at 80 N maturity and at rates of 0, 28, and 56 mg·L−1 in 2006 and 0, 50, and 100 mg·L−1 in 2007. In 2007, a parallel experiment was conducted to compare 50 mg·L−1 1-MCP with 96 g a.i./ha 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) used commercially to control or decrease premature fruit drop. Premature fruit drop, maturity, firmness at harvest, color, softening, and ethylene production during ripening and physiological disorders were studied in fruit harvested between 7 and 21 days after 1-MCP application and either ripened at 20 °C immediately after harvest or after 3.5 to 6 months storage at –1 °C. Overall, 50 mg·L−1 1-MCP reduced the incidence of premature fruit drop when compared with the untreated fruit and fruit drop was similar to adjuvant-treated fruit and NAA-treated fruit, especially 28 days or longer after the treatment. 1-MCP was more effective in retarding color, softening, and ethylene production during ripening than delaying fruit maturation on the tree (loss of firmness), and both rates of 1-MCP tested each season yielded similar fruit responses on most evaluation times. 1-MCP's effect on ripening was lost if fruit remained on the tree 21 days or after the fruit were stored for 3.5 months in cold storage regardless of treatment concentration. A reduction of internal breakdown incidence was observed in 1-MCP-treated fruit.

scholarly journals Postharvest quality of ‘Baigent’ apples as a function of single and multiple preharvest spray aminoetoxivinylglycine and ethephon applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Soethe ◽  
Cristiano André Steffens ◽  
Fernando José Hawerroth ◽  
Cassandro Vidal Talamini do Amarante ◽  
Angélica Schmitz Heinzen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Rate ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Rupture Strength ◽  
Postharvest Quality ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Commercial Harvest ◽  
Ethylene Production Rate

Abstract The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of single and multiple pre-harvest spray aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) applications with or without ethephon, in ‘Baigent’ apple trees cultivated under anti-hail screen and harvesting date on fruit quality after storage. The experiment was conducted in a commercial orchard in the municipality of Vacaria/RS, in the 2014/15 and 2015/16 harvests. Treatments consisted of: control (plants sprayed with water); AVG (125 mg L-1, 30 days before the predicted harvest date; BPHD); ethephon (120 mg L-1, seven BPHD); AVG (62.5 mg L-1 + 62.5 mg L-1, 30 and 20 BPHD); AVG (62.5 mg L-1 + 62.5 mg L-1, 30 and 20 BPHD) + ethephon (120 mg L-1, seven BPHD). Fruits of all treatments were harvested at commercial harvest (harvest 1) and after 14 days (harvest 2). Fruits were evaluated after four months of cold storage (0.5 °C ± 0.2 °C and RH 92 ± 5%). The use of AVG, regardless of single or multiple applications, reduced ethylene production rate, skin yellowing, farinaceous pulp and senescent degeneration incidence and maintained higher pulp firmness values and pulp penetration and skin rupture strength. Ethephon provided fruits with higher farinaceous pulp incidence. Fruit treated with AVG, regardless of single or multiple application and combination with ethephon, presents better quality after cold storage.

scholarly journals Effect of 1-MCP, ethylene absorber and ozone on melon quality during storage

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (s1) ◽  
pp. 101-110
Author(s):  
Lien Phuong Le Nguyen ◽  
Vivien Horváth ◽  
Mai Sao Dam ◽  
Géza Hitka ◽  
Tamás Zsom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Ozone Treatment ◽  
Surface Color ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Samples

This work was aimed to investigate the effect of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), ethylene absorber (EA), ozone alone or in combination on melon quality during storage. Ethylene production, respiration rates, acoustic firmness, surface color, chilling injury, and disease severity of melon were determined. 1-MCP treated fruits and non 1-MCP treated fruits were stored with sachets of ethylene absorber containing KMnO4 or ozone at 0.1 ppm/h during 10 days at 5 °C and subsequent 4 days at 20 °C. Melons treated with 1-MCP were firmer than the rest of the samples during storage. In addition, 1-MCP reduced the yellowing of melon rind compared to other treatments. The combination of 1-MCP and EA did not offer any additional effect in comparison with 1-MCP alone. There was no significant difference between fruits stored with ethylene absorber, ozone and control samples. Ozone treatment during cold storage decreased disease severity, however, fruits exposed to ozone had more serious decay throughout storage at 20 °C, probably due to the unclean air in the chamber.

scholarly journals (199) Effect of Harvest Maturity on Quality of Pear Salad

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1051B-1051
Author(s):  
Jinhe Bai ◽  
Kristi Barckley ◽  
John Manthey
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Evaluation ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Commercial Harvest ◽  
Cutting Surface ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Harvest Maturity

Pear texture is similar to that of apple—firm and crispy—and is one of the potential alternatives to apple. However, at a crispy stage the taste is flat. Improving the taste of pears is considered the key to the success of pear salad. This study evaluated the effect of harvest maturity on the quality of pear salad. Fruit were harvested at commercial maturity or 1 month delayed. After 2 and 5 months (1 and 4 months for delayed harvested fruit) of storage at –1 °C, fruit were sliced (eight to 10 wedges per fruit), treated with an anti-browning dip, packaged in zip-lock bags (10 pieces per bag), and stored at 1 °C for up to 21 days. Delayed harvested fruit were larger in size (≈12.5% increase in weight), had lower flesh firmness (≈5 N decrease), lower titratable acidity content (≈20% decrease), and a lower phenolic content (≈45% decrease in pulp). There was no significant difference in soluble solids content. After 2 months of storage, ethylene production and respiration rate were initially lower in delayed harvested fruit in either the intact fruit or cut slices, but tended to similar after 7 days in storage. Sensory evaluation results show that about 80% of the panel preferred delayed-harvested fruit over commercial harvest, especially in terms of visual quality (71% to 92%), sweetness (75% to 93%), taste (69% to 92%), texture of skin (61% to 92%), texture of flesh (53% to 92%), and overall quality (73% to 92%) during 21 days of storage at 1 °C. After 5 months of storage, cutting surface was dry-looking in delayed harvested fruit. However, sensory evaluation showed panels still preferred the delayed-harvested fruit. The results indicate that salad quality of pears can be improved by delaying harvest.

scholarly journals Time of Aminoethoxyvinylglycine Application Influences Preharvest Drop and Fruit Quality of 'McIntosh' Apples

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 2056-2060 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duane W. Greene
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Control Efficacy ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Fruit Drop ◽  
Commercial Harvest ◽  
Red Color ◽  
Fruit Maturity ◽  
Control Compound

AVG was applied as the ReTain formulation over three harvest seasons to determine the influence of time of application on drop control efficacy and its influence on fruit maturity of 'McIntosh' apples. Effective drop control was achieved through the commercial harvest season with application of AVG made from 1 to 6 weeks before the anticipated start of harvest for untreated fruit. Drop control extended beyond the normal harvest period when application was made either 2 weeks or 1 week before anticipated harvest. Application made between 6 and 4 weeks before anticipated harvest generally delayed parameters associated with ripening, such as softening, degradation of starch, and development of red color, more than applications made on later dates. While AVG consistently and effectively retarded abscission, the length of time it controlled drop varied from year to year, even when used on similar trees in the same block. Once applied, it required 10 to 14 days before AVG started to retard fruit abscission. AVG controlled drop linearly with increasing concentration. AVG was a superior drop control compound than NAA. Chemical names used: aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG), naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA).

scholarly journals REGIONAL DIFFERENCES AND THE IMPORTANCE OF HARVEST MATURITY ON ROYAL GALA' FRUIT QUALITY

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 593f-593
Author(s):  
F R Harker ◽  
C B Watkins ◽  
B A Cregoe ◽  
P L Brookfield ◽  
W J Bramlage
Keyword(s):  
Regional Differences ◽  
Physiological Maturity ◽  
Commercial Harvest ◽  
Fruit Maturity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
Harvest Maturity ◽  
The Relationship

The apple growing districts of New Zealand are spread across a wide range of latitudes. Differences in growing conditions associated with these various districts may influence the way fruit mature on the tree. In this study, the relationships between background colour and physiological maturity of Royal Gala apples have been compared in four major production areas. Royal Gala apples were strip picked from trees in three orchards during the commercial harvest period Hawkes Bay, Canterbury, Nelson and Otago. The maturity of these fruit was assessed, and fruit stored at 0°C for 12 weeks. Following removal from “storage, the quality of the fruit was assessed paying particular attention to -greasiness. Results from this trial indicate that the relationship between background colour and fruit maturity is not consistent. Indeed, the maturity of apples of a particular background colour may differ according to district and harvest date. Greasiness of fruit was related to harvest maturity in Hawkes Bay. However, fruit from Canterbury and Otago became severely greasy even when harvested at early maturities.

scholarly journals Effects of NAA, AVG, and 1-MCP on Ethylene Biosynthesis, Preharvest Fruit Drop, Fruit Maturity, and Quality of ‘Golden Supreme’ and ‘Golden Delicious’ Apples

HortScience ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongcai Yuan ◽  
David H. Carbaugh
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Ethylene Biosynthesis ◽  
Harvest Date ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Fruit Drop ◽  
Fruit Maturity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Golden Delicious

Effects of naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG), and 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) alone or in combination on fruit ethylene production, preharvest fruit drop, fruit quality, and fruit maturation were examined in ‘Golden Supreme’ and ‘Golden Delicious’ apples (Malus ×domestica Borkh.). In ‘Golden Supreme’ apples, the combination of two applications of AVG and one application of NAA 3 and 1 week, respectively, before the anticipated optimum harvest date synergistically inhibited fruit ethylene production and delayed fruit drop and ripening. Compared with one or two applications of AVG, the combination of one application of AVG and two applications of NAA had much lower preharvest fruit drop, although there was no significant difference in fruit ethylene production among these treatments. In ‘Golden Delicious’ apples, 1-MCP at 396 mg·L−1 had a better effect in delaying fruit drop than did AVG at 125 mg·L−1 or NAA at 20 mg·L−1 when they were applied a week before the optimum harvest date. The combination of NAA and 1-MCP or AVG was more effective in delaying fruit drop than were NAA, 1-MCP, or AVG alone. Fruit ethylene production was inhibited by 1-MCP and AVG but not by NAA. 1-MCP and AVG delayed fruit ripening, whereas NAA increased fruit ripening as determined by fruit firmness and starch.

scholarly journals Osmolality and composition of the extender during the cold storage of Prochilodus lineatus (Characiformes: Prochilodontidae) sperm

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 643-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana T. M. Viveiros ◽  
Tais R. Taffarel ◽  
Marcelo C. Leal
Keyword(s):  
Cold Storage ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coconut Water ◽  
Prochilodus Lineatus ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
And Control ◽  
Motility Rate

This study evaluates the effects of extender osmolality and composition on the cooling of Prochilodus lineatussperm. Sperm was diluted in six extenders: two compositions (powdered coconut water(tm) = ACP; Beltsville Thawing Solution(tm) = BTS) x three osmolalities (285, 325, and 365 mOsm/kg) plus an undiluted control, and stored at 6-8°C. Motility rate and velocities (curvilinear, straight line, and average path) were determined every other day. Osmolality did not affect the quality of cooled sperm, thus data were pooled. Motility was higher on d 0 compared to the other days and diluted samples (85-90%) yielded higher motility than control (75%). On d 2, motility was higher in BTS-diluted samples and control, but on d 4 and 6, control yielded the highest motility. Velocities decreased from d 0 to 6 in diluted samples, but not in control. On d 0, velocities were higher in BTS-diluted sperm, but, on d 2, 4, and 6, control yielded higher velocities despite of the large variation among males. Thus P. lineatussperm should be stored in BTS or without dilution, for a maximum of two days at 6-8°C. Extender osmolality between 285 and 365 mOsm/kg does not affect sperm quality during cold storage.

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