scholarly journals Early Generation Selection within a Diploid Hybrid Solanum tuberosum Groups Phureja and Stenotomum Population for the Intense Yellow-flesh Creamer Potato Market

HortScience ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (12) ◽  
pp. 2118-2124
Author(s):  
Kathleen G. Haynes ◽  
Lincoln Zotarelli ◽  
Christian T. Christensen ◽  
Stephanie Walker
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
South American ◽  
Tuber Dormancy ◽  
Skin Texture ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Yellow Flesh ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Seed Growing ◽  
Eye Depth

Consumer demand for specialty market potatoes has been growing. Cultivated South American diploid potatoes possess great variation for skin and flesh colors, shape, and taste. A long-day adapted population of Solanum tuberosum groups Phureja and Stenotomum (phu-stn) was evaluated for characteristics associated with the type known as papa criolla or papa amarilla in South America. Tubers have intense yellow flesh and may be fried or roasted and eaten whole. A U.S. northern location (Maine), representative of a seed growing region, and two southern locations (Florida and New Mexico), representative of potato growing regions near large Hispanic populations, evaluated yellow-fleshed clones selected within a phu-stn population. Agreement between selectors at two locations was greater than 50%. Tuber skin color and shape were highly correlated between locations; flesh color and tuber dormancy moderately so; eye depth had low correlation between locations; and appearance and skin texture had low or no correlation between locations. Tuber dormancy was generally short, but a few longer dormant clones were identified. There were significant differences among clones for yields, with the highest yields occurring in Maine. More intense evaluations are planned for a subset of these clones before possible release as new varieties. Future breeding efforts will be undertaken to lengthen tuber dormancy in this population.

Three New Peaches and a Nectarine for the Southeastern United States

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 463e-463
Author(s):  
W.R. Okie
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Chilling Requirement ◽  
Fruit Breeding ◽  
Bacterial Spot ◽  
Large White ◽  
Bacterial Spot Disease ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Yellow Flesh

Four new varieties have been released from the USDA–ARS Stone Fruit Breeding program located in central Georgia. All are adapted to the humid Southeastern U.S. climate. `Rubyprince' is an early yellow-fleshed peach with excellent size, firmness, and color. The slow-softening fruit ripens in early June at Byron, about with `Dixired', but is slightly lower chilling (about 800 h below 45 °F). `Blazeprince' is a very firm yellow-fleshed peach with a solid red blush that ripens in late mid-season between `Harvester' and `Redglobe'. It is susceptible to bacterial spot disease similar to `O'Henry'. It requires about 850 chill hours. `Southern Pearl' is a large white-fleshed, mid-season peach with very good acid flavor and medium firmness. It ripens about with `Harvester' or `Redhaven'. Chilling requirement is only about 650 h, similar to `Springcrest'. `Juneprincess' nectarine ripens in about the same season as `Southern Pearl' and produces large, attractive, firm fruit that is less prone to rain cracking than many nectarines. Skin color is bright red, typical of California nectarines, with yellow flesh. Chilling requirement is about 850 h.

Results of selection and seed-growing work on onion crops at the Federal Scientific Center of Vegetable Growing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.M. Seredin ◽  
◽  
A.F. Agafonov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Seed Growing

the article summarizes the long-term research on the selection and seed production of onion crops of the Federal Scientific Center of Vegetable Growing. The prospects of using new varieties to obtain high-quality products for different zones are shown.

scholarly journals Genomic regions of Solanum tuberosum L. associated with the tuber eye depth

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 465-473
Author(s):  
I. V. Totsky ◽  
I. V. Rozanova ◽  
A. D. Safonova ◽  
A. S. Batov ◽  
Yu. A. Gureeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Snp Markers ◽  
Potato Genome ◽  
Potato Species ◽  
Area 5 ◽  
High Level ◽  
Genomic Regions ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Eye Depth

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the most important food crops in the world. The genome of this potato species is autotetraploid and has a high level of heterozygosity, also this potato species is a cross-pollinated plant. These characteristics complicate the genetic analysis and breeding process. The tuber’s eye depth is an important trait that affects the suitability of potato varieties for processing. Potato breeding for this trait is based on phenotypic assessment. Identification of the loci that control tuber eye depth would allow diagnostic markers for the marker-assisted selection to be created. The aim of this study is to search for loci associated with the eye depth by analyzing Solanum tuberosum varieties from the GenAgro collection of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, genotyped using the Illumina 22K SNP potato array DNA chip. The 24 significant markers associated with the “eye depth” trait were identified using 15,214 SNP markers genotyped with the Illumina 22K SNP potato array chip and the general linear model (GLM) taking into account the population structure. Data obtained showed the presence of SNPs in four genomic regions: on chromosome 4 (1 marker in the 3.92 Mb area), 5 (1 marker in the 4.67 Mb area) and 10 (1 marker in the 4.87 Mb area and 21 markers in the region between 48.1–48.9 Mb). The results of localization in the region 48.1–48.9 Mb of chromosome 10 correspond to previously published studies, the remaining three regions were detected for the first time. DNA sections containing SNPs linked to the tuber’s eye depth were studied in the SolTub_3.0 potato genome assembly (https:// plants.ensembl.org/). KASP markers were developed based on the data obtained. It will be possible to screen the breeding material and to breed the varieties more effectively using current markers associated with a shallow tuber’s eye depth.

A simple and low-cost method for leaf area measurement of detached leaves

1997 ◽  
Vol 33 (01) ◽  
pp. 65-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. Korva ◽  
G. A. Forbes
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Electronic Equipment ◽  
New Method ◽  
Area Measurement ◽  
Water Spray ◽  
Spray Method ◽  
Detached Leaves ◽  
Highly Correlated

A technique for leaf area measurement utilizing water spray as an inexpensive substitute for electronic equipment was developed and tested with leaves of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). The leaf areas measured by the spray method were highly correlated with those measured by an electronic area meter. Measurements of leaf area obtained by the spray method were significantly more highly correlated with those obtained by the area meter than were the measurements of dry weights. The main advantages of the new method are precision, accuracy and immediate results at a low cost.

scholarly journals Effects of Facial Threading on Female Skin Texture: A Prospective Trial with Physiological Parameters and Sense Assessment

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Li-Ying Lin ◽  
Shang-Chia Chiou ◽  
Shu-Hui Wang ◽  
Ching-Chi Chi
Keyword(s):  
Skin Color ◽  
Prospective Trial ◽  
Skin Condition ◽  
Facial Skin ◽  
Skin Texture ◽  
Skin Physiology ◽  
Hard Evidence ◽  
Mouth Corner ◽  
Vellus Hairs ◽  
To Receive

Background. Facial threading is a common tradition in Taiwan, Southeast Asia (called “Bande Abru”), Middle East (called “Khite”), and Egypt (called “Fatlah”). In addition to the ability to remove facial vellus hairs, facial threading can make the skin fairer and shinier. However, there has been a lack of hard evidence regarding the effects of facial threading on the skin. Objective. To examine the effects of facial threading on skin physiology as well as visual and touch senses by using scientific instruments. Methods. A total of 80 participants were allocated to receive facial threading, application of powder only, exfoliation, and shaving. Prior to and following the assigned treatment, a noninvasive skin condition detection device was used to measure skin coarseness, hydration, melanin, and erythema index. Sense assessment and image analysis were also performed. Results. This study showed that facial threading was found to improve the facial skin roughness indices with significant decreases by 30.4%, 35.9%, and 16.7%, respectively, for the participants’ forehead, cheek, and mouth corner skin. No significant adverse changes in moisture levels and skin pigment indices were detected. In addition, there was improvement in subjects’ touch sense of their skin and feelings about skin color. Conclusions. Traditional facial threading can remove facial vellus hairs and lower skin roughness levels, thereby improving the skin texture. However, pricking sensation appeared during the facial threading process, which might cause concerns about irritation.

Clonal selection in a globe artichoke landrace: characterization of superior germplasm to improve cultivation in Mediterranean environments

2013 ◽  
Vol 153 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. MAURO ◽  
E. PORTIS ◽  
S. LANTERI ◽  
A. LO MONACO ◽  
G. MAUROMICALE
Keyword(s):  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Clonal Selection ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Globe Artichoke ◽  
Weight Yield ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Primary Selection ◽  
Highly Correlated

SUMMARYThe morphological (using International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) descriptors) and field performance of five clones selected from the globe artichoke landrace Spinoso di Palermo were determined over two seasons, and their amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) profiles detected using seven primer combinations (PCs). The number of heads produced averaged 13·8 per plant (equivalent to a fresh weight yield of 2·1 kg/plant), but two of the clones produced 15·6 heads per plant (2·4 kg/plant). Three clones produced noticeably larger second-order heads (mean of 156 g), and so were considered to be suitable for the production of desirable heads over a prolonged harvesting period. Head yield and the number of heads per plant were associated with a moderate level of broad sense heritability (0·29–0·46), implying that these traits could be viewed as primary selection criteria. From the list of 51 UPOV descriptors, 18 varied among the five clones, but variation at just six, simply scored, descriptors was sufficient to discriminate completely between the examined clones. Full discrimination was also achieved by applying only three of the seven selected AFLP PCs. According to the AFLP profiles, two of the clones were highly similar. The similarity matrices calculated from the UPOV descriptors and the AFLP profiles were highly correlated with one another. The data are optimistic and indicate that the performance of Spinoso di Palermo could be much improved via clonal selection.

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