scholarly journals Fine Mapping a Clubroot Resistance Locus in Chinese Cabbage

2014 ◽  
Vol 139 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Gao ◽  
Arvind H. Hirani ◽  
Jun Liu ◽  
Zheng Liu ◽  
Guohua Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Chinese Cabbage ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Chromosomal Region ◽  
Plasmodiophora Brassicae ◽  
Resistance Locus ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Clubroot Resistance ◽  
Segregating Population

There are various clubroot pathogen (Plasmodiophora brassicae) resistance genes within Brassica species with european turnip (B. rapa ssp. rapifera) being identified as potentially the best source of resistance for the development of clubroot-resistant cultivars in chinese cabbage (B. rapa ssp. pekinensis). To use clubroot resistance genes effectively, it is necessary to map these genes so that molecular markers inside or closely linked to these resistance genes can be developed. Using molecular marker-assisted selection, the clubroot resistance genes can be effectively transferred from cultivar to cultivar and from species to species. In this report, one clubroot resistance locus was mapped on linkage group A3 using five segregating populations developed from five chinese cabbage cultivars, suggesting that all the five cultivars shared the same clubroot resistance locus. Furthermore, one of these five chinese cabbage cultivars was used to develop a large segregating population to fine-map this clubroot resistance locus to a 187-kilobp chromosomal region. Molecular markers that are closely linked to the mapped clubroot resistance locus have been developed that can be used for marker-assisted selection in chinese cabbage and canola/rapeseed (B. rapa and B. napus) breeding programs.

scholarly journals Selection of powdery mildew resistant and susceptible grapevine genotypes with molecular markers

2007 ◽  
pp. 100-104
Author(s):  
Stella Molnár ◽  
Zsuzsanna Galbács ◽  
Gábor Halász ◽  
Sarolta Hoffmann ◽  
Anikó Veres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Muscadinia Rotundifolia ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Grape Breeding

Incorporation of competitive quality and resistance against the most important fungal diseases (powdery and downy mildew) in a cultivar is one of the most important aims of grapevine breeding. In the 20th century, the most advanced results in grapevine resistance breeding were achieved by French researchers. They used resistant cultivars in more than 30% of their growing areas. In these varieties, North American wild Vitisspecies were the resistance gene sources. The discovery of immunity-like resistance of Muscadinia rotundifolia opened new perspectives in resistance breeding. M. rotundifolia harbours a dominant powdery mildew gene, providing resistance in highquality cultivars after back-crosses with V. vinifera varieties. M. rotundifolia has been involved in the Hungarian grape breeding programs since 1996, thanks to a French-Hungarian variety exchange. In addition to traditional selection methods, application of MAS (Marker Assisted Selection) based on various types ofmolecular markers, can provide additional tools for these efforts. Run1 locus, responsible for powdery mildew resistance, was identified in Muscadinia rotundifolia. Molecular markers closely linked to this locus are very significant in screening progenies deriving from M. rotundifolia and V. vinifera crosses, making possible the discrimination between resistant and susceptible genotypes at DNA level. In our analyses BC5 progeny of {(M. rotundifola×V. vinifera) BC4}×Cardinal (V. vinifera) tested for powdery symptoms were analysed with PCR-RFLP (GLP1- 12P1P3) and microsatellite markers (VMC4f3.1, VMC8g9). Our results proved the applicability of the linked markers and reliability of marker assisted selection.

scholarly journals Transcriptome and Coexpression Network Analyses Reveal Hub Genes in Chinese Cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis) During Different Stages of Plasmodiophora brassicae Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuxiang Yuan ◽  
Liuyue Qin ◽  
Henan Su ◽  
Shuangjuan Yang ◽  
Xiaochun Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Cabbage ◽  
Plasmodiophora Brassicae ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Coexpression Network ◽  
Hub Genes ◽  
Clubroot Resistance ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
Cortical Infection ◽  
Root Hair Infection

Clubroot, caused by the soil-borne protist Plasmodiophora brassicae, is one of the most destructive diseases of Chinese cabbage worldwide. However, the clubroot resistance mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, in both clubroot-resistant (DH40R) and clubroot-susceptible (DH199S) Chinese cabbage lines, the primary (root hair infection) and secondary (cortical infection) infection stages started 2 and 5 days after inoculation (dai), respectively. With the extension of the infection time, cortical infection was blocked and complete P. brassica resistance was observed in DH40R, while disease scales of 1, 2, and 3 were observed at 8, 13, and 22 dai in DH199S. Transcriptome analysis at 0, 2, 5, 8, 13, and 22 dai identified 5,750 relative DEGs (rDEGs) between DH40R and DH199S. The results indicated that genes associated with auxin, PR, disease resistance proteins, oxidative stress, and WRKY and MYB transcription factors were involved in clubroot resistance regulation. In addition, weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) identified three of the modules whose functions were highly associated with clubroot-resistant, including ten hub genes related to clubroot resistance (ARF2, EDR1, LOX4, NHL3, NHL13, NAC29, two AOP1, EARLI 1, and POD56). These results provide valuable information for better understanding the molecular regulatory mechanism of Chinese cabbage clubroot resistance.

scholarly journals SSR Markers Suitable for Marker Assisted Selection in Sunflower for Downy Mildew Resistance

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 319-326
Author(s):  
Ezgi Çabuk Şahin ◽  
Aral Kalenderoğlu ◽  
Yıldız Aydın ◽  
Göksel Evci ◽  
Ahu Altınkut Uncuoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Downy Mildew Resistance ◽  
Phenotypic Analysis ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Mildew Resistance ◽  
Ssr Analysis ◽  
Genotypic Analysis ◽  
Simple Sequence

AbstractThe effectiveness of Pl genes is known to be resistant to downy mildew (DM) disease affected by fungus Plasmopara halstedii in sunflower. In this study phenotypic analysis was performed using inoculation tests and genotypic analysis were carried out with three DM resistance genes Plarg, Pl13 and Pl8. A total of 69 simple sequence repeat markers and 241 F2 individuals derived from a cross of RHA-419 (R) x P6LC (S), RHA-419 (R) x CL (S), RHA-419 (R) x OL (S), RHA419 (R) x 9758R (S), HA-R5 (R) x P6LC (S) and HA89 (R) x P6LC (S) parental lines were used to identify resistant hybrids in sunflower. Results of SSR analysis using markers linked with downy mildew resistance genes (Plarg, Pl8 and Pl13) and downy mildew inoculation tests were evaluated together and ORS716 (for Plarg and Pl13), HA4011 (for Pl8) markers showed positive correlation with their phenotypic results. These results suggest that these markers are associated with DM resistance and they can be used successfully in marker-assisted selection for sunflower breeding programs specific for downy mildew resistance.

scholarly journals Preliminary Results Concerning Marker Assisted Selection for Potato Resistance to Phytophthora Infestans

1970 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Constantin BOTEZ ◽  
Doru PAMFIL ◽  
Abdelmoumen TAOUTAOU ◽  
Erika BALAZS ◽  
Paul RAICA
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Late Blight ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Polymorphic Band ◽  
Amplification Product ◽  
Causal Organism ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Potato Resistance

Phytophtora infestans, the causal organism of late blight, is the most important fungal pathogen of potato. Utilization of resistant variety is the most important strategy of potato late blight control. For creating new resistant varieties Marker Assisted Selection significantly increase the efficiency of this process. RAPD markers offer the advantage that it requires no preliminary information concerning the DNA sequence of the resistance genes or about expression product of these genes. But in this case molecular markers, defined by a certain polymorphism, have to be attributed to resistance genes by a genetic analysis. The simplest method, rely on co segregation or constantly presence of a polymorphic band in the resistant forms that is absent in the susceptible forms. To achieve that two groups of potato accessions originated from USA and Brasov, Romania, were used, represented of resistant differential lines with known R genes. From the seven primers used some gave amplification product only in resistant differential lines but no in sensitive one, amplification product that could be considered as candidate for molecular markers of resistant genes usable for Marker Assisted Selection of potato resistant to P. infestans.

The New Clubroot Resistance Locus Is Located on Chromosome A05 in Chinese Cabbage (Brassica rapa L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 296-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Nguyen ◽  
G. F. Monakhos ◽  
R. A. Komakhin ◽  
S. G. Monakhos
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Chinese Cabbage ◽  
Resistance Locus ◽  
Clubroot Resistance

scholarly journals Molecular markers in breeding of ion-resistant barley varieties (review)

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-17
Author(s):  
N. V. Novoselova ◽  
A. V. Bakulina
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Aluminum Tolerance ◽  
Cadmium Accumulation ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Single Genotype ◽  
Boron Ions ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Barley Resistance

The review presents the perspectives of using DNA-markers in barley breeding for resistance to toxicity of aluminum, boron, manganese and cadmium ions. Currently, there have been identified quite a number of ion-resistance genes and quantitative trait loci (QTLs). Markers 1 kb-insertion and HvMATE-21indel that are linked to the HvAACT1 gene are recognized as standard gene-specific markers of aluminum resistance. Loci QTLs still require validation, but in the future they can serve as a basis for pyramiding several loci of aluminum tolerance in a single genotype. Molecular markers specific to the boron resistance genes of barley (HvBot1, HvNIP2;1 and HvBot2), and the QTL of barley resistance to the manganese toxicity (QSur.yf.3H) have also been developed. QTLs, genes, and markers related to low cadmium accumulation were identified in barley. Most studies focus on finding and developing markers linked to ion resistance rather than on their practical application in plant selection. However, breeding programs have already used markers related to the resistance of barley to high concentrations of aluminium and boron ions. Marker-assisted selection has high potential, and in course of time advances in science make its technologies more accessible, easier, and less expensive.

scholarly journals Wheat resistance to Fusarium head blight and possibilities of its improvement using molecular marker-assisted selection

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 47-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Shah ◽  
A. Ali ◽  
Y. Zhu ◽  
S. Wang ◽  
H. Si ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Gene Pyramiding ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Crop Breeding ◽  
Resistance Qtls ◽  
Fhb Resistance ◽  
Or Genes

Wheat, one of the world’s major crops, is seriously affected by fungal diseases, especially in regions with high moisture and moderately warm temperatures. This paper reviews various molecular and conventional techniques that are used to identify genotypes with resistance alleles associated with Fusarium head blight (FHB) diseases. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) type II, designated as Fhb1, are frequently applied in plant breeding, and the newly recognized genes related to resistance to this fungal disease give extra insights into marker-assisted selection (MAS). Molecular markers are robust tools that may be routinely used in MAS for the mapping of resistance genes in crop breeding. FHB resistance is polygenic, and different resistance genes could be conveyed into a single genotype by MAS, which might ensure greater resistance to FHB disease. In conclusion, different researchers have used various techniques to control FHB resistance, such as MAS, gene pyramiding (through backcross), and molecular markers (association with resistance QTLs or genes).  

scholarly journals Marker-assisted selection for quantitative traits

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (spe) ◽  
pp. 50-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Schuster
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Phenotypic Selection ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Selection For

Although thousands of scientific articles have been published on the subject of marker-assisted selection (MAS) and quantitative trait loci (QTL), the application of MAS for QTL in plant breeding has been restricted. Among the main causes for this limited use are the low accuracy of QTL mapping and the high costs of genotyping thousands of plants with tens or hundreds of molecular markers in routine breeding programs. Recently, new large-scale genotyping technologies have resulted in a cost reduction. Nevertheless, the MAS for QTL has so far been limited to selection programs using several generations per year, where phenotypic selection cannot be performed in all generations, mainly in recurrent selection programs. Methods of MAS for QTL in breeding programs using self-pollination have been developed.

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