scholarly journals Preliminary Results Concerning Marker Assisted Selection for Potato Resistance to Phytophthora Infestans

1970 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Constantin BOTEZ ◽  
Doru PAMFIL ◽  
Abdelmoumen TAOUTAOU ◽  
Erika BALAZS ◽  
Paul RAICA
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Late Blight ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Polymorphic Band ◽  
Amplification Product ◽  
Causal Organism ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Potato Resistance

Phytophtora infestans, the causal organism of late blight, is the most important fungal pathogen of potato. Utilization of resistant variety is the most important strategy of potato late blight control. For creating new resistant varieties Marker Assisted Selection significantly increase the efficiency of this process. RAPD markers offer the advantage that it requires no preliminary information concerning the DNA sequence of the resistance genes or about expression product of these genes. But in this case molecular markers, defined by a certain polymorphism, have to be attributed to resistance genes by a genetic analysis. The simplest method, rely on co segregation or constantly presence of a polymorphic band in the resistant forms that is absent in the susceptible forms. To achieve that two groups of potato accessions originated from USA and Brasov, Romania, were used, represented of resistant differential lines with known R genes. From the seven primers used some gave amplification product only in resistant differential lines but no in sensitive one, amplification product that could be considered as candidate for molecular markers of resistant genes usable for Marker Assisted Selection of potato resistant to P. infestans.

scholarly journals Preliminary Results Regarding Presence of RB Genes Homologues from Solanum Bulbocastanum in some Solanum Species

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika BALAZS ◽  
Constantin BOTEZ ◽  
Abdelmoumen TAOUTAOU
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Solanum Species ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Solanum Bulbocastanum ◽  
Causal Organism ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Rb Gene

Phytophtora infestans, the causal organism of late blight, is the most important fungal pathogen of potato. In the strategy of potato late blight control utilization of resistant variety is the most important. For creating new resistant varieties Marker Assisted Selection increase significant the efficiency of this process. Genomes of several Solanum species were reported to contain RB homologues with confirmed broad-spectrum defence function. We tested 8 primers for RB gene homologues from Solanum bulbocastanum on different potato species, including S. bulbocastanum, S. demissum, and S. tuberosum. Some primers amplified only S. bulbocastanum, and others amplified olso S. demissum and S. tuberosum.

scholarly journals Resistance of Spring Barley Varieties to Powdery Mildew in theCzechRepublicin 1971–2000

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 31-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Dreiseitl ◽  
P. Pařízek
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
High Susceptibility ◽  
Pathogen Population ◽  
Major Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Score

Resistance to powdery mildew of 127 spring barley varieties was evaluated in 702 official variety trials, using scores from 1 to 9. Trials with sufficient disease severity were only analysed. Varieties possessing the resistance genes Mla7 (Elgina), Ml(Kr) (BR-1519), Mla13 (Koral) and mlo (Forum) were among the most resistant ones. The varieties Diamant, HE-3527, HE-3631, II/61-FUDII and Zefir showed high susceptibility. Fifteen varieties, carrying the genes Mla1, Mla3, Mla6, Mla9, Mla13, Ml(Kr) and Ml(Sc), were in the first years of testing highly resistant, but became susceptible later. The score of the most resistant variety ranged each year from 8.05 to 9.00, only in 1987–1991 it was lower. Since the pathogen population rapidly adapted to most resistance genes in the mid eighties, no resistant variety was found in 1987–1989. From 1986 to 1995 on average only 6.6% of the tested varieties were resistant, but there was no variety with resistance score above 8.50. High resistance was typical for varieties possessing an effective major resistance gene. Since the resistance of such varieties was not durable, we recommend breeding of varieties with at least two fully effective resistance genes, using molecular markers.  

scholarly journals Wheat resistance to Fusarium head blight and possibilities of its improvement using molecular marker-assisted selection

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 47-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Shah ◽  
A. Ali ◽  
Y. Zhu ◽  
S. Wang ◽  
H. Si ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Gene Pyramiding ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Crop Breeding ◽  
Resistance Qtls ◽  
Fhb Resistance ◽  
Or Genes

Wheat, one of the world’s major crops, is seriously affected by fungal diseases, especially in regions with high moisture and moderately warm temperatures. This paper reviews various molecular and conventional techniques that are used to identify genotypes with resistance alleles associated with Fusarium head blight (FHB) diseases. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) type II, designated as Fhb1, are frequently applied in plant breeding, and the newly recognized genes related to resistance to this fungal disease give extra insights into marker-assisted selection (MAS). Molecular markers are robust tools that may be routinely used in MAS for the mapping of resistance genes in crop breeding. FHB resistance is polygenic, and different resistance genes could be conveyed into a single genotype by MAS, which might ensure greater resistance to FHB disease. In conclusion, different researchers have used various techniques to control FHB resistance, such as MAS, gene pyramiding (through backcross), and molecular markers (association with resistance QTLs or genes).  

Molecular markers for the identification of resistance genes and marker-assisted selection in breeding wheat for leaf rust resistance

Euphytica ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 170 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 67-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gyula Vida ◽  
Mariann Gál ◽  
Andrea Uhrin ◽  
Ottó Veisz ◽  
Naeem Hasan Syed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance

The R1 gene for potato resistance to late blight (Phytophthora infestans) belongs to the leucine zipper/NBS/LRR class of plant resistance genes

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agim Ballvora ◽  
Maria Raffaella Ercolano ◽  
Julia Weiss ◽  
Khalid Meksem ◽  
Christina Angelika Bormann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Leucine Zipper ◽  
R1 Gene ◽  
Potato Resistance

Resistance gene analogues are clustered on chromosome 3 of sugar beet and cosegregate with QTL for rhizomania resistance

Genome ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Christoph Lein ◽  
Katrin Asbach ◽  
Yanyan Tian ◽  
Daniela Schulte ◽  
Chunyan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Bac Library ◽  
Artificial Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome 3 ◽  
Resistance Locus ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Rhizomania Resistance

Worldwide, rhizomania is the most important disease of sugar beet. The only way to control this disease is to use resistant varieties. Four full-length resistance gene analogues (RGAs) from sugar beet (cZR-1, cZR-3, cZR-7, and cZR-9) were used in this study. Their predicted polypeptides carry typical nucleotide-binding sites (NBSs) and leucin-rich repeat (LRR) regions, and share high homology to various plant virus resistance genes. Their corresponding alleles were cloned and sequenced from a rhizomania resistant genotype. The 4 RGAs were mapped as molecular markers, using sequence-specific primers to determine their linkage to the rhizomania resistance locus Rz1 in a population segregating for rhizomania resistance. One cZR-3 allele, named Rz-C, together with 5 other molecular markers, mapped to the Rz1 locus on chromosome 3 and cosegregated with quantitative trait loci for rhizomania resistance. After screening a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library, 25 cZR-3-positive BACs were identified. Of these, 15 mapped within an interval of approximately 14 cM on chromosome 3, in clusters close to the Rz1 locus. Rz-C differentiates between susceptible and resistant beet varieties, and its transcripts could be detected in all rhizomania resistant varieties investigated. The potential of this RGA marker for cloning of rhizomania resistance genes is discussed.

scholarly journals Resisting Potato Cyst Nematodes With Resistance

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrike Gartner ◽  
Ingo Hein ◽  
Lynn H. Brown ◽  
Xinwei Chen ◽  
Sophie Mantelin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Potato Cyst Nematodes ◽  
Concerted Effort ◽  
Cyst Nematodes ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Effective Component

Potato cyst nematodes (PCN) are economically important pests with a worldwide distribution in all temperate regions where potatoes are grown. Because above ground symptoms are non-specific, and detection of cysts in the soil is determined by the intensity of sampling, infestations are frequently spread before they are recognised. PCN cysts are resilient and persistent; their cargo of eggs can remain viable for over two decades, and thus once introduced PCN are very difficult to eradicate. Various control methods have been proposed, with resistant varieties being a key environmentally friendly and effective component of an integrated management programme. Wild and landrace relatives of cultivated potato have provided a source of PCN resistance genes that have been used in breeding programmes with varying levels of success. Producing a PCN resistant variety requires concerted effort over many years before it reaches what can be the biggest hurdle—commercial acceptance. Recent advances in potato genomics have provided tools to rapidly map resistance genes and to develop molecular markers to aid selection during breeding. This review will focus on the translation of these opportunities into durably PCN resistant varieties.

scholarly journals Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) Marker Screening Related to Orange Fleshed Sweet Potato F1 Genotype Resistance against Scab (Sphaceloma batatas Saw.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 279
Author(s):  
Nurfitriani Rista ◽  
Fitri Widiantini ◽  
Anna Aina Roosdab ◽  
Endah Yulia ◽  
Agung Karuniawanb
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Simple Sequence Repeats ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Ssr Primers ◽  
Orange Fleshed Sweet Potato ◽  
Simple Sequence

Orange fleshed sweet potato contains high beta carotene as vitamin A precursor. However, its production is limited by the presence of scab disease caused by Sphaceloma batatas Saw. The disease is able to cause yield loss up to 60%. Best controlling method is using resistant varieties. However, the development of resistant varieties are involving long procedures which is time consuming. The long procedure of resistance varieties selection can be shorted cut using molecular markers such as SSR (Simple Sequence Repeats). Specific SSR markers for sweet potato resistance against scab has not been found. This study aimed to screen SSR molecular markers which were related to resistance to scab. The study used 5 resistant genotypes, 5 susceptible genotypes, and 6 SSR primers. PCR analysis showed that those SSR primers were polymorphic. Furthermore, the biplot analysis result demonstrated that several markers allele were related to plant resistance against scab. This finding indicated that these particular SSR markers can be used in sweet potato breeding program as marker assisted selection to develop resistant variety against scab disease. Keywords: Sphaceloma batatas; orange fleshed sweet potato; SSR markers.

scholarly journals Fine Mapping a Clubroot Resistance Locus in Chinese Cabbage

2014 ◽  
Vol 139 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Gao ◽  
Arvind H. Hirani ◽  
Jun Liu ◽  
Zheng Liu ◽  
Guohua Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Chinese Cabbage ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Chromosomal Region ◽  
Plasmodiophora Brassicae ◽  
Resistance Locus ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Clubroot Resistance ◽  
Segregating Population

There are various clubroot pathogen (Plasmodiophora brassicae) resistance genes within Brassica species with european turnip (B. rapa ssp. rapifera) being identified as potentially the best source of resistance for the development of clubroot-resistant cultivars in chinese cabbage (B. rapa ssp. pekinensis). To use clubroot resistance genes effectively, it is necessary to map these genes so that molecular markers inside or closely linked to these resistance genes can be developed. Using molecular marker-assisted selection, the clubroot resistance genes can be effectively transferred from cultivar to cultivar and from species to species. In this report, one clubroot resistance locus was mapped on linkage group A3 using five segregating populations developed from five chinese cabbage cultivars, suggesting that all the five cultivars shared the same clubroot resistance locus. Furthermore, one of these five chinese cabbage cultivars was used to develop a large segregating population to fine-map this clubroot resistance locus to a 187-kilobp chromosomal region. Molecular markers that are closely linked to the mapped clubroot resistance locus have been developed that can be used for marker-assisted selection in chinese cabbage and canola/rapeseed (B. rapa and B. napus) breeding programs.

scholarly journals Marker-assisted Selection for Coupling Phase Resistance to Tomato spotted wilt virus and Phytophthora infestans (Late Blight) in Tomato

HortScience ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 1424-1428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew D. Robbins ◽  
Mohammed A.T. Masud ◽  
Dilip R. Panthee ◽  
Randolph G. Gardner ◽  
David M. Francis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Chromosome 9 ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Coupling Phase ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Wilt Virus

Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) and Phytophthora infestans (late blight) in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) have a worldwide distribution and are known to cause substantial disease damage. Sw-5 (derived from S. peruvianum) and Ph-3 (derived from S. pimpinellifolium) are, respectively, TSWV and late blight resistance genes. These two genes are linked (within 5 cM on several maps) in repulsion phase near the telomere of the long arm on chromosome 9. The tomato lines NC592 (Ph-3) and NC946 (Sw-5) were crossed to develop an F2 population and subsequent inbred generations. Marker-assisted selection (MAS) using three polymerase chain reaction-based codominant markers (TG328, TG591, and SCAR421) was used in F2 progeny with the goal of selecting for homozygous coupling-phase recombinant lines. From 1152 F2 plants, 11 were identified with potential recombination events between Ph-3 and Sw-5; of those, three were male sterile (ms-10). F3 progeny were generated from the remaining eight F2 recombinants, and resistance to both pathogens, or Ph-3 and Sw-5 in coupling phase, was confirmed in three of those. Recombination was suppressed fivefold in our F2 population to 1.11 cM between genes when compared with published maps of the same region. However, MAS was an efficient tool for selecting the desirable recombination events for these two pathogen resistance genes.

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